Coping Strategies Used by Food Insecure Households
2016년 5월 9일 업데이트: RTI International
Understanding the Interdependencies Among Three Types of Coping Strategies Used by Very Low Food Security Households With Children
Children without consistent access to sufficient and nutritious food show sustained disadvantages.
To improve food security, households utilize three types of coping strategies- participating in governmental feeding and financial assistance programs; obtaining food from nongovernment providers; and using individually developed strategies.
To understand the interdependencies among strategies and decision-making processes used to select them, the investigators conducted a two-phased, mixed-methods study using a socio-ecological theoretical framework.
First, employing a cross sectional, observational design the investigators administered in-person surveys to 320 adults in very low food secure (VLFS) households with children.
Over 1 year later, the investigators repeated select questions and conducted in depth interviews with a cohort (n=28) of participants.
Descriptive statistics defined magnitude of associations among strategies.
Following bivariate analysis, the investigators assessed interdependencies and factors affecting relationships with log-linear models.
The investigators analyzed interviews using an hierarchically ordered, analytical coding structure.
With Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA), the investigators developed typologies of VLFS and created models treating food security as an outcome.
The association of soup kitchen use and nutritionally risky behavior was altered by Supplemental Security Income (SSI) or Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI).
Food safety-related risky behavior level related to intensity of food pantry use by participation in school food programs.
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) did not affect the association between soup kitchen use and risky food safety behaviors.
Key interview constructs included becoming and being short of food; coping strategies; decisions used to inform choice of strategies; and managing a devalued social status.
Improved income stability was a necessary condition for improving food security.
연구 개요
상세 설명
Food insecurity is a serious issue facing households in the United States.
In 2012, the time this study was begun, the U.S. Department of Agriculture reported that almost 15% of U.S. households and one in five households with children were considered to be food insecure.
Over one third of these experienced very low food security (VLFS), with multiple indicators of disrupted eating patterns due to inadequate resources.
These statistics are of particular concern because children without consistent access to sufficient and nutritious food show sustained disadvantages, including effects on cognition, academic performance, long-term nutritional status, and psychosocial development.
To improve their food security, households utilize three types of coping strategies- (1) participating in federal feeding and financial assistance programs ("safety net"), (2) obtaining food from nongovernment Emergency Food Providers (EFPs), and (3) using individually developed coping strategies.
The objectives of this study related to developing a better understanding of the coping strategies that VLFS households with children use to ensure that their households have sufficient food.
Specifically, the study addressed two main research questions: What are the interdependencies among three types of coping strategies: participating in federal feeding and financial assistance programs ("safety net"), obtaining food from EFPs, and using individually developed coping strategies.
What decision-making processes do people in VLFS households with children use when selecting coping strategies to ensure that their households have sufficient food?
The investigators conducted a two-phased mixed-methods study of coping strategies used by VLFS households with children <18 years in North Carolina (NC), using a socio-ecological theoretical framework to guide their hypotheses, methods, and analyses.
For phase I, the investigators employed a cross sectional, observational design.
The investigators used a two-stage sample to recruit 320 clients of service providers who offer assistance to people with limited resources within eight NC counties with the highest food insecurity rates.
Trained interviewers administered in-person a survey interview asking clients socio-demographic questions and about their use of three categories of coping strategies.
Using a longitudinal design, more than a year after Phase I, in Phase II, the investigators completed in depth interviews with a cohort (n=28) of Phase I participants, selected using maximum variation sampling.
During the largely unscripted interviews, participants were asked a select number of close ended questions from Phase I, including the 18 item food security module, to assess changes over the past year and permit comparisons between times one and two.
To address the first question, two by two and multi-dimensional contingency tables were constructed to analyze the interdependencies among the three types of coping strategy outcomes.
Descriptive statistics (odds ratios, counts and percentages) were performed to define the magnitude of the association among coping strategies.
Fisher's exact tests and Chi-square statistics were then employed to assess the statistical significance of the interdependency among the outcomes.
To further determine the interdependencies among the three coping strategies, and to assess how individual and household-level factors affect those interdependencies, the investigators employed log-linear models.
To address the second research question, the investigators formulated a hierarchically ordered, analytical coding structure that reflected key decision-making constructs (e.g., knowledge of coping strategies, perception of risk of accessibility and availability of coping strategies, barriers to participation in "safety net" programs) and examined the results in terms of the key constructs.
Lastly, responses to both sets of questions were jointly reviewed using Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA), a mixed-methods analysis technique.
The investigators implemented a conventional, crisp set for (1) developing typologies of households and individuals experiencing very low food insecurity, and (2) exploring pathways to improving food security status among participants in the follow-up interviews.
All procedures involving human participants was reviewed and approved by RTI International's Institutional Review Board (IRB).
연구 유형
관찰
등록 (실제)
320
연락처 및 위치
이 섹션에서는 연구를 수행하는 사람들의 연락처 정보와 이 연구가 수행되는 장소에 대한 정보를 제공합니다.
연구 장소
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North Carolina
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Asheboro, North Carolina, 미국, 27203
- Christians United Outreach Center
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Asheboro, North Carolina, 미국, 27203
- Salvation Army
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Clarkton, North Carolina, 미국, 28433
- Bladen Family Support
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Elizabethtown, North Carolina, 미국, 28337
- Bladen Crisis Assistance Center
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Ellenboro, North Carolina, 미국, 28040
- Liberty Baptist
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Forest City, North Carolina, 미국, 28043
- Chase Corner UMC Ministries
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Forest City, North Carolina, 미국, 28043
- Grace Country Kitchen at Grace of God Rescue Mission
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Gibson, North Carolina, 미국, 28343
- St. John's UMC
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Laurel Hill, North Carolina, 미국, 28351
- Higher Dimensions
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Laurinburg, North Carolina, 미국, 28352
- Church Community Service of Scotland County
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Laurinburg, North Carolina, 미국, 28352
- Laurinburg Hope In Christ Ministries
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Lumberton, North Carolina, 미국, 28358
- Robeson County Church and Community Center
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New Bern, North Carolina, 미국, 28560
- Living Bread Holiness Church
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New Bern, North Carolina, 미국, 28560
- Religious Community Services
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Pembroke, North Carolina, 미국, 28372
- Sacred Pathways
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Rutherfordton, North Carolina, 미국, 28139
- Little White Country Church
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St. Pauls, North Carolina, 미국, 28384
- New Bethel Church
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Williamston, North Carolina, 미국, 27892
- Black Swamp Church of Christ
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Williamston, North Carolina, 미국, 27892
- Holy Trinity Church
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Williamston, North Carolina, 미국, 27892
- Liberty Christian Center Food Pantry
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Williamston, North Carolina, 미국, 27892
- Unlimited Care
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Wilson, North Carolina, 미국, 27893
- Christ Deliverance Tabernacle Ministries
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Wilson, North Carolina, 미국, 27893
- New Christian Food Pantry
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Wilson, North Carolina, 미국, 27893
- Salvation Army
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Wilson, North Carolina, 미국, 27893
- Wilson County Interfaith Services: Hope Station
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Wilson, North Carolina, 미국, 27894
- Willson Praise & Worship Church
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참여기준
연구원은 적격성 기준이라는 특정 설명에 맞는 사람을 찾습니다. 이러한 기준의 몇 가지 예는 개인의 일반적인 건강 상태 또는 이전 치료입니다.
자격 기준
공부할 수 있는 나이
18년 이상 (성인, 고령자)
건강한 자원 봉사자를 받아들입니다
아니
연구 대상 성별
모두
샘플링 방법
비확률 샘플
연구 인구
320 clients of service providers who offer assistance to people with limited resources within eight North Carolina counties with the highest food insecurity rates.
Using a longitudinal design, more than a year after Phase I, in Phase II, the investigators completed in depth interviews with a cohort (n=28) of Phase I participants
설명
Inclusion Criteria::
- 18 years of age or older
- responsible for getting food for household
- household assessed to have very low food security
- children <18 in household
- consent to participate
Exclusion Criteria:
- less than 18 years of age
- never responsible for getting food for household
- no children <18 in household
- do not consent to participate
공부 계획
이 섹션에서는 연구 설계 방법과 연구가 측정하는 내용을 포함하여 연구 계획에 대한 세부 정보를 제공합니다.
연구는 어떻게 설계됩니까?
디자인 세부사항
연구는 무엇을 측정합니까?
주요 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
측정값 설명 |
기간 |
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Identify participants who have used at least one target coping strategy
기간: Initial contact
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Participants were administered a survey to document their use of at least one target coping strategy within the last twelve months
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Initial contact
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공동 작업자 및 조사자
여기에서 이 연구와 관련된 사람과 조직을 찾을 수 있습니다.
수사관
- 수석 연구원: Andrea Anater, Ph.D., RTI International
연구 기록 날짜
이 날짜는 ClinicalTrials.gov에 대한 연구 기록 및 요약 결과 제출의 진행 상황을 추적합니다. 연구 기록 및 보고된 결과는 공개 웹사이트에 게시되기 전에 특정 품질 관리 기준을 충족하는지 확인하기 위해 국립 의학 도서관(NLM)에서 검토합니다.
연구 주요 날짜
연구 시작
2012년 5월 1일
기본 완료 (실제)
2014년 12월 1일
연구 완료 (실제)
2014년 12월 1일
연구 등록 날짜
최초 제출
2016년 4월 11일
QC 기준을 충족하는 최초 제출
2016년 5월 9일
처음 게시됨 (추정)
2016년 5월 10일
연구 기록 업데이트
마지막 업데이트 게시됨 (추정)
2016년 5월 10일
QC 기준을 충족하는 마지막 업데이트 제출
2016년 5월 9일
마지막으로 확인됨
2016년 5월 1일
추가 정보
이 정보는 변경 없이 clinicaltrials.gov 웹사이트에서 직접 가져온 것입니다. 귀하의 연구 세부 정보를 변경, 제거 또는 업데이트하도록 요청하는 경우 register@clinicaltrials.gov. 문의하십시오. 변경 사항이 clinicaltrials.gov에 구현되는 즉시 저희 웹사이트에도 자동으로 업데이트됩니다. .
Coping Strategies에 대한 임상 시험
-
ISA Associates, Inc.National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)알려지지 않은