Pictorial Warning Labels, Numeracy, and Memory for Numeric Cigarette Health-risk Information Over Time
연구 개요
상태
연구 유형
등록 (실제)
단계
- 해당 없음
참여기준
자격 기준
공부할 수 있는 나이
건강한 자원 봉사자를 받아들입니다
연구 대상 성별
설명
Inclusion Criteria:
- at least 18 years old
- have smoked 100+ lifetime cigarettes
- currently smoke "every day" or "some days."
- US resident
Exclusion Criteria:
- have not ever smoked a cigarette
공부 계획
연구는 어떻게 설계됩니까?
디자인 세부사항
- 주 목적: 방지
- 할당: 무작위
- 중재 모델: 요인 할당
- 마스킹: 더블
무기와 개입
참가자 그룹 / 팔 |
개입 / 치료 |
|---|---|
|
실험적: Text-only PWL, immediate post
Exposure to 4 FDA-mandated warning labels and numeric risk information for 8 outcomes related to those warnings (2 outcomes for each PWL; half as percentage, half as frequency) Posttest measures (e.g., memory, risk perceptions, quit intentions) administered immediately following last exposure to warning labels |
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실험적: Text-only PWL, delay posttest
Exposure to 4 FDA-mandated warning labels and numeric risk information for 8 outcomes related to those warnings (2 outcomes for each PWL; half as percentage, half as frequency) Posttest measures (e.g., memory, risk perceptions, quit intentions) administered 6 weeks following last exposure to warning labels |
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|
실험적: Low-emot PWL, immed post
Exposure to 4 FDA-mandated warning labels paired with images that elicit little emotion and numeric risk information for 8 outcomes related to those warnings (2 outcomes for each PWL; half as percentage, half as frequency) Posttest measures (e.g., memory, risk perceptions, quit intentions) administered immediately following last exposure to warning labels |
|
|
실험적: Low-emot PWL, delay posttest
Exposure to 4 FDA-mandated warning labels paired with images that elicit little emotion and numeric risk information for 8 outcomes related to those warnings (2 outcomes for each PWL; half as percentage, half as frequency) Posttest measures (e.g., memory, risk perceptions, quit intentions) administered 6 weeks following last exposure to warning labels |
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실험적: High-emot PWL, immed posttest
Exposure to 4 FDA-mandated warning labels paired with images that elicit high emotion and numeric risk information for 8 outcomes related to those warnings (2 outcomes for each PWL; half as percentage, half as frequency) Posttest measures (e.g., memory, risk perceptions, quit intentions) administered immediately following last exposure to warning labels |
|
|
실험적: High-emot PWL, delay posttest
Exposure to 4 FDA-mandated warning labels paired with images that elicit high emotion and numeric risk information for 8 outcomes related to those warnings (2 outcomes for each PWL; half as percentage, half as frequency) Posttest measures (e.g., memory, risk perceptions, quit intentions) administered 6 weeks following last exposure to warning labels |
연구는 무엇을 측정합니까?
주요 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
측정값 설명 |
기간 |
|---|---|---|
|
numeric risk recall
기간: immediately following last exposure or after 6-week delay
|
free recall for numeric risks presented in labels (e.g., ____% of smokers die before age 85), both for smokers and nonsmokers
|
immediately following last exposure or after 6-week delay
|
|
numeric risk recognition
기간: immediately following last exposure or after 6-week delay
|
Participants answered one multiple choice question about the numeric risk for smokers and nonsmokers (combined in one question) for each of the 8 outcomes that had been paired with the PWLs.
For each question, there were four decoy responses.
|
immediately following last exposure or after 6-week delay
|
2차 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
측정값 설명 |
기간 |
|---|---|---|
|
smoking risk perceptions
기간: immediately following last exposure or after 6-week delay
|
Participants completed several scale items about how much risk they perceived smoking posed to them (e.g., "Compared to the average nonsmoker your age, gender, and race, how would you rate your chances of": 1) "getting a life threatening illness because of smoking," 2) "getting lung cancer," and 3) "dying at a younger age than average" (-3 = Much lower, +3 = Much higher)) They also gave verbal likelihood ratings for each of the 8 outcomes of smoking that had been paired with the labels (e.g., "Thinking of risks that you were shown in the warnings, what is the likelihood of a smoker [non-smoker] dying from heart disease?," 0=impossible, 11=certain) |
immediately following last exposure or after 6-week delay
|
|
smoking risk knowledge
기간: immediately following last exposure or after 6-week delay
|
Participants listed as many risks of smoking as they could think of.
|
immediately following last exposure or after 6-week delay
|
|
quit intentions
기간: immediately following last exposure or after 6-week delay
|
Participants intentions to quit smoking, Likelihood of smoking within next 30 days, next year (-3 = very unlikely, 3 = very likely)
|
immediately following last exposure or after 6-week delay
|
공동 작업자 및 조사자
연구 기록 날짜
연구 주요 날짜
연구 시작 (실제)
기본 완료 (실제)
연구 완료 (실제)
연구 등록 날짜
최초 제출
QC 기준을 충족하는 최초 제출
처음 게시됨 (실제)
연구 기록 업데이트
마지막 업데이트 게시됨 (실제)
QC 기준을 충족하는 마지막 업데이트 제출
마지막으로 확인됨
추가 정보
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