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Training, Detraining, Retraining and Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

18. april 2012 oppdatert av: Savvas P. Tokmakidis, Ph.D., Democritus University of Thrace

Training, Detraining and Retraining Effects on Glycemic Control and Physical Fitness in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

  • This study examine the effects of training, detraining and retraining, using a combined strength and aerobic exercise program, on physiological parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes.
  • Thirteen women with type 2 diabetes followed a supervised aerobic and strength training program for 9 months, interrupted for 3 months (detraining) and resumed again for a period of 9 months (retraining).
  • Training improved body mass index, fasting plasma glucose,postprandial glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, peak oxygen consumption,power output and total muscle strength. Detraining reversed PPG, HbA1C and physical fitness parameters. Resumption of training however, improved further the initial training adaptations.
  • Diabetic patients should follow a regular and uninterrupted exercise program throughout life in order to control glucose metabolism and improve health status.

Studieoversikt

Status

Fullført

Forhold

Intervensjon / Behandling

Detaljert beskrivelse

During the last decades, the positive effects of aerobic exercise in patients with type 2 diabetes have been well documented. Recently, resistance exercise has gained popularity in diabetic patients since several studies have indicated that this type of training is safe and induces favorable adaptations in physical fitness and metabolic profile. According to recent scientific evidence, a complete rehabilitation program for patients with type 2 diabetes should combine both strength and aerobic exercise; thus the American Diabetic Association in their latest guidelines recommends strength training as part of an exercise program at least two times a week.

On the contrary to the well documented effects of physical training, there is lack of data on the negative alterations of detraining in patients with type 2 diabetes. The partial or complete loss of training-induced adaptations as a consequence of training reduction or cessation is well-documented by several detraining studies in healthy subjects, older individuals and patients with coronary artery disease.

For example, the investigators know that even 6 days of physical inactivity reduces insulin action in well-trained runners which is attributed to the significant reduction in the muscle GLUT-4 level. Factors such as illness, injury, travel or vacation may interrupt the training process for longer periods, affecting the treatment in people with type 2 diabetes. For this population, it is important to quantify changes in physiological and metabolic parameters resulting from the cessation of exercise, since exercise training is a major therapeutic method.

To the best of our knowledge, there is no data concerning the loss of physiological adaptations which occurs after exercise cessation in patients with type 2 diabetes, which have previously trained for a long period of time. The current study evaluated the effects of three months of detraining after nine months of a combined strength and aerobic training program on glycemic control, body composition, peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) and muscular strength in patients with type 2 diabetes. Further, the investigators examined the extent of the regained adaptations after the resumption of training for a period of nine months.

Studietype

Intervensjonell

Registrering (Faktiske)

13

Fase

  • Ikke aktuelt

Kontakter og plasseringer

Denne delen inneholder kontaktinformasjon for de som utfører studien, og informasjon om hvor denne studien blir utført.

Studiesteder

  • Hellas
      • Komotini, Hellas, 691 00
        • Savvas P. Tokmakidis

Deltakelseskriterier

Forskere ser etter personer som passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kalt kvalifikasjonskriterier. Noen eksempler på disse kriteriene er en persons generelle helsetilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Kvalifikasjonskriterier

Alder som er kvalifisert for studier

45 år til 65 år (Voksen, Eldre voksen)

Tar imot friske frivillige

Nei

Kjønn som er kvalifisert for studier

Hunn

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Type 2 diabetes
  • without micro- and macroangiopathy

Exclusion Criteria:

  • type 1 diabetes
  • cardiovascular disease,
  • confirmed retinopathy/nephropathy/neuropathy,
  • uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (HbA1c>10%).

Studieplan

Denne delen gir detaljer om studieplanen, inkludert hvordan studien er utformet og hva studien måler.

Hvordan er studiet utformet?

Designdetaljer

  • Primært formål: Behandling
  • Tildeling: N/A
  • Intervensjonsmodell: Enkeltgruppeoppdrag
  • Masking: Enkelt

Våpen og intervensjoner

Deltakergruppe / Arm
Intervensjon / Behandling
Eksperimentell: Lifestyle (exercise training)
Training, detraining and retraining
Annen: Training - detraining - retraining
Thirteen women with type 2 diabetes followed a supervised aerobic and strength training program for 9 months, interrupted for 3 months (detraining) and resumed again for a period of 9 months (retraining).

Hva måler studien?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tiltaksbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Changes from baseline in glycemic control measurements (follow-up for 21 months) at training (9 months), detraining (3 months) and retraining (9 months)
Tidsramme: Changes from baseline in HbA1C, FPG and PPG at training (9 months), detraining (11 months) and retraining (21 months)
Glycemic control was evaluated by the measurement of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial glucose (PPG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C). PPG was calculated by the mean of four values measured at the first week of every period (baseline, 9th, 12th and 21st months).
Changes from baseline in HbA1C, FPG and PPG at training (9 months), detraining (11 months) and retraining (21 months)

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tiltaksbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Evaluation of body composition
Tidsramme: Changes from baseline in body composition assessment at training (9 months), detraining (3 months), retraining (9 months)
Anthropometric Assessment: Body weight, height, BMI and waist circumference (WC).
Changes from baseline in body composition assessment at training (9 months), detraining (3 months), retraining (9 months)
Peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak)
Tidsramme: Changes from baseline in VO2peak at training (9 months), detraining (11 months) and retraining (21 months)
Measurement of Peak Oxygen Uptake: Patients underwent a symptom-limited graded exercise test on a cycle-ergometer (60 rpm). The initial load was set at 25W and increased gradually by 25W every 2-min until the patients were unable to continue. VO2peak was determined by open-circuit spirometry (E. Jaeger, IEC 601-1, Germany).
Changes from baseline in VO2peak at training (9 months), detraining (11 months) and retraining (21 months)
Measurement of muscular strength in patients with type 2 diabetes
Tidsramme: Changes from baseline in muscular strength at training (9 months), detraining (11 months) and retraining (21 months)
Muscle Strength: Maximum strength was measured with the one-repetition maximum (1 RM) method and total muscle strength was calculated as the sum of leg extension and bench press.
Changes from baseline in muscular strength at training (9 months), detraining (11 months) and retraining (21 months)

Samarbeidspartnere og etterforskere

Det er her du vil finne personer og organisasjoner som er involvert i denne studien.

Sponsor

Democritus University of Thrace

Samarbeidspartnere

Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki

Etterforskere

  • Hovedetterforsker: Savvas P. Tokmakidis, PhD, Democritus University of Thrace

Publikasjoner og nyttige lenker

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Generelle publikasjoner

Studierekorddatoer

Disse datoene sporer fremdriften for innsending av studieposter og sammendragsresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter og rapporterte resultater gjennomgås av National Library of Medicine (NLM) for å sikre at de oppfyller spesifikke kvalitetskontrollstandarder før de legges ut på det offentlige nettstedet.

Studer hoveddatoer

Studiestart

1. september 2008

Primær fullføring (Faktiske)

1. september 2008

Studiet fullført (Faktiske)

1. juni 2010

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først innsendt

18. mars 2012

Først innsendt som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

18. april 2012

Først lagt ut (Anslag)

19. april 2012

Oppdateringer av studieposter

Sist oppdatering lagt ut (Anslag)

19. april 2012

Siste oppdatering sendt inn som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

18. april 2012

Sist bekreftet

1. april 2012

Mer informasjon

Begreper knyttet til denne studien

Nøkkelord

Ytterligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre studie-ID-numre

  • EPEAEK - PYTHAGORAS II
  • 1328-5 PYTHAGORAS II (Annet stipend/finansieringsnummer: PYTHAGORAS II; co-financed by Hellenic (25%) and EC (75%))

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