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ctDNA-Guided Immunotherapy for dMMR/MSI-H Colon Cancer

24. september 2026 oppdatert av: Junjie Peng, Fudan University

A Single-Arm Phase II Study of Circulating Tumor DNA-Guided Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy for dMMR/MSI-H Colon Cancer

This prospective, multicenter, single-arm phase II interventional study evaluates whether longitudinal circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) monitoring can guide neoadjuvant immunotherapy and surgical decision-making in dMMR/MSI-H colon cancer. Participants with ctDNA clearance proceed to curative surgery, whereas those with persistent ctDNA positivity escalate to combined PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibitor therapy.

Studieoversikt

Detaljert beskrivelse

This prospective, multicenter, single-arm phase II study evaluates the clinical utility of longitudinal circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) monitoring to guide neoadjuvant immunotherapy and surgical decision-making in patients with dMMR/MSI-H colon cancer.

Eligible participants will initially receive neoadjuvant PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy. Peripheral-blood ctDNA will be assessed at baseline and after 3 to 4 treatment cycles. Participants with ctDNA clearance will proceed to curative surgery. Participants with persistent ctDNA positivity will be considered to have potential resistance to PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy and will escalate to combined PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibitor therapy. ctDNA will be reassessed every 2 cycles during combination therapy. Participants will undergo curative surgery after ctDNA clearance or after no more than 4 cycles of combination treatment, regardless of final ctDNA status.

All participants will undergo postoperative ctDNA/minimal residual disease (MRD) testing 1 month after surgery. The study will evaluate pathological response, survival outcomes, the concordance of ctDNA with pathological and imaging assessments, and treatment- and surgery-related safety.

Studietype

Intervensjonell

Registrering (Antatt)

23

Fase

  • Fase 2

Kontakter og plasseringer

Denne delen inneholder kontaktinformasjon for de som utfører studien, og informasjon om hvor denne studien blir utført.

Studiekontakt

Studer Kontakt Backup

Studiesteder

      • Shanghai, Kina, 200000
        • Rekruttering
        • Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center
        • Ta kontakt med:

Deltakelseskriterier

Forskere ser etter personer som passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kalt kvalifikasjonskriterier. Noen eksempler på disse kriteriene er en persons generelle helsetilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Kvalifikasjonskriterier

Alder som er kvalifisert for studier

18 år til 75 år (Voksen, Eldre voksen)

Tar imot friske frivillige

Nei

Kjønn som er kvalifisert for studier

Alle

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Written informed consent obtained before any study-related procedures.
  • Age 18 to 75 years, inclusive.
  • Histologically confirmed colon adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, or signet-ring cell carcinoma, with the tumor located at least 15 cm from the anal verge.
  • dMMR/MSI-H status confirmed by immunohistochemistry, polymerase chain reaction, or next-generation sequencing.
  • Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1 and an expected survival of at least 3 months.
  • Adequate hematologic, hepatic, renal, coagulation, thyroid, and cardiac function, as defined in the protocol.
  • Negative pregnancy test for women of childbearing potential; agreement to use highly effective contraception, when applicable.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Prior treatment with a PD-1 inhibitor, CTLA-4 inhibitor, or other immunotherapy.
  • Symptomatic or high-risk bowel obstruction, bleeding, perforation, pneumonitis, or other conditions that may compromise safe study participation.
  • Another malignancy diagnosed within 5 years before the first study treatment, except for specified definitively treated low-risk malignancies.
  • Current participation in another interventional clinical study, or receipt of another investigational drug or investigational device within 4 weeks before the first study treatment.
  • Active autoimmune disease requiring systemic treatment within 2 years before the first study treatment, or recent systemic corticosteroid or other immunosuppressive therapy.
  • Uncontrolled pleural effusion or ascites, prior allogeneic organ transplantation (except corneal transplantation), or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
  • Known hypersensitivity to any study drug component.
  • Toxicities or complications from prior treatment not recovered to Grade 1 or baseline, except for specified conditions.
  • HIV infection, untreated active hepatitis B infection, or active hepatitis C infection.
  • Receipt of a live vaccine within 30 days before the first study treatment.
  • Pregnancy or breastfeeding.
  • Any serious or uncontrolled systemic disease, active infection, clinically significant laboratory abnormality, or other condition that may interfere with study participation or place the participant at unacceptable risk, as judged by the investigator.

Studieplan

Denne delen gir detaljer om studieplanen, inkludert hvordan studien er utformet og hva studien måler.

Hvordan er studiet utformet?

Designdetaljer

  • Primært formål: Behandling
  • Tildeling: N/A
  • Intervensjonsmodell: Enkeltgruppeoppdrag
  • Masking: Ingen (Open Label)

Våpen og intervensjoner

Deltakergruppe / Arm
Intervensjon / Behandling
Eksperimentell: ctDNA-Guided Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy |

Participants receive PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy. ctDNA testing after 3-4 cycles determines whether they proceed to curative surgery or escalate to PD-1 plus CTLA-4 inhibitor therapy; all participants subsequently undergo curative surgery.

200 mg intravenously on Day 1 of each 3-week cycle. All participants receive initial monotherapy.

1 mg/kg intravenously on Day 1 of each 3-week cycle. Administered with the PD-1 inhibitor only to participants with persistent ctDNA positivity after 3-4 cycles of monotherapy.

Peripheral-blood ctDNA testing at baseline and after 3-4 cycles of monotherapy; every 2 cycles during combination therapy, when applicable; and 1 month after surgery.

Curative surgery after ctDNA clearance or after no more than 4 cycles of combination treatment.

Hva måler studien?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tiltaksbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Pathological Complete Response Rate
Tidsramme: At curative surgery, following completion of neoadjuvant therapy

Pathological assessment of the surgical resection specimen; pCR is defined as no residual viable cancer cells after treatment (ypT0N0M0).

At curative surgery, following completion of neoadjuvant therapy

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tiltaksbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Major Pathological Response Rate
Tidsramme: At curative surgery, following completion of neoadjuvant therapy

Pathological assessment of the surgical resection specimen; MPR is defined as residual viable tumor cells ≤10%.

At curative surgery, following completion of neoadjuvant therapy
3-Year Event-Free Survival
Tidsramme: From enrollment up to 3 years

Time from enrollment to first radiographic disease progression or death, whichever occurs first.

From enrollment up to 3 years
3-Year Overall Survival
Tidsramme: From enrollment up to 3 years

Time from enrollment to death from any cause.

From enrollment up to 3 years
Concordance of ctDNA Status With Pathological Complete Response
Tidsramme: After 3-4 cycles of PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy (21-day cycles) and at curative surgery; for persistent ctDNA positivity, every 2 cycles of PD-1 plus CTLA-4 inhibitor therapy (21-day cycles; up to 4 cycles).

Preoperative ctDNA status will be compared with postoperative pathological complete response results.

After 3-4 cycles of PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy (21-day cycles) and at curative surgery; for persistent ctDNA positivity, every 2 cycles of PD-1 plus CTLA-4 inhibitor therapy (21-day cycles; up to 4 cycles).
Concordance Between ctDNA Dynamics and Imaging Assessment
Tidsramme: Baseline through curative surgery, up to 24 weeks (each cycle is 21 days).

ctDNA positivity, clearance, and dynamic changes will be compared with RECIST version 1.1 imaging response assessments.

Baseline through curative surgery, up to 24 weeks (each cycle is 21 days).
Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events, as Assessed by CTCAE v5.0
Tidsramme: From first dose through 30 days after the last dose.

Number and proportion of participants with at least one treatment-emergent adverse event, including treatment-related and immune-related adverse events.

From first dose through 30 days after the last dose.
Number of Participants With Grade 3 or Higher Treatment-Related Adverse Events, as Assessed by CTCAE v5.0
Tidsramme: From first dose through 30 days after the last dose.

Number and proportion of participants with at least one Grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse event.

From first dose through 30 days after the last dose.
Number of Participants With Serious Adverse Events
Tidsramme: From first dose through 90 days after the last dose.

Number and proportion of participants with at least one serious adverse event.

From first dose through 90 days after the last dose.
Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Delay of Curative Surgery
Tidsramme: From first dose through curative surgery up to 24 weeks

Number and proportion of participants whose curative surgery is delayed because of treatment-related toxicity, as determined by the investigator.

From first dose through curative surgery up to 24 weeks

Samarbeidspartnere og etterforskere

Det er her du vil finne personer og organisasjoner som er involvert i denne studien.

Publikasjoner og nyttige lenker

Den som er ansvarlig for å legge inn informasjon om studien leverer frivillig disse publikasjonene. Disse kan handle om alt relatert til studiet.

Generelle publikasjoner

Studierekorddatoer

Disse datoene sporer fremdriften for innsending av studieposter og sammendragsresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter og rapporterte resultater gjennomgås av National Library of Medicine (NLM) for å sikre at de oppfyller spesifikke kvalitetskontrollstandarder før de legges ut på det offentlige nettstedet.

Studer hoveddatoer

Studiestart (Antatt)

14. september 2026

Primær fullføring (Antatt)

31. desember 2027

Studiet fullført (Antatt)

31. desember 2030

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først innsendt

12. september 2026

Først innsendt som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

24. september 2026

Først lagt ut (Faktiske)

25. september 2026

Oppdateringer av studieposter

Sist oppdatering lagt ut (Faktiske)

25. september 2026

Siste oppdatering sendt inn som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

24. september 2026

Sist bekreftet

1. september 2026

Mer informasjon

Begreper knyttet til denne studien

Plan for individuelle deltakerdata (IPD)

Planlegger du å dele individuelle deltakerdata (IPD)?

NEI

IPD-planbeskrivelse

Individual participant data, including de-identified data, will not be made available to external researchers. Study data will be processed and stored within China. Aggregate results may be published without identifiable participant information.

Legemiddel- og utstyrsinformasjon, studiedokumenter

Studerer et amerikansk FDA-regulert medikamentprodukt

Nei

Studerer et amerikansk FDA-regulert enhetsprodukt

Nei

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