Efavirenz to Nevirapine Switch and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL)-Dyslipidemia

Inclusion Criteria:

• HIV-1 infected adults, who were receiving antiretroviral therapy including efavirenz for at least 6 months
• plasma HIV RNA<400 cp/ml during the previous 4 months on 2 occasions 14 days apart
• Severe dyslipidemia with Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) >3.4 mmol/L in the presence of at least one of the 3 following coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors: age>45 among males or age>55 among females, hypertension, current smoking, family history of CHD
• Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c)>4.1 mmol/L regardless of CHD risk factors.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Protease inhibitors use within the previous 6 months,
• Prior exposure to nevirapine
• Asparate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >2.5N if hepatitis virus B or C were negative
• AST or ALT>1.25N if hepatitis virus B or C were positive
• Fasting glycemia>1.26g/L,
• Current CHD
• Triglycerides>4.6 mmol/L
• Introduction of lipid lowering drugs, corticoïds, retinoïds and betablockers within the previous 3 months.