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Evaluation of Virtual Reality Based Distraction on Anxiety and Pain Perception in Paediatric Dental Extraction (VR-PED)

2026年7月3日 更新者：Sultan Qaboos University

"Evaluation of Virtual Reality Based Distraction on Anxiety and Pain Perception in Paediatric Dental Extraction: A Randomized Controlled Trial"

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if virtual reality distraction can reduce dental anxiety and pain perception in children aged 6-10 years undergoing simple dental extraction. The main questions it aims to answer are:

Does virtual reality distraction lower dental anxiety compared to audio-visual distraction and conventional tell-show-do techniques?

Does virtual reality distraction reduce pain perception during dental extraction?

Researchers will compare virtual reality distraction, audio-visual distraction (2D cartoons with headset), and conventional tell-show-do with verbal distraction to see which method is most effective in improving child cooperation and reducing anxiety and pain.

Participants will:

Wear VR glasses to watch immersive 3D cartoons, or

Watch 2D cartoons with headset, or

Receive the conventional tell-show-do technique with verbal distraction.

Outcome measures will include child dental anxiety (CFSS-DS, VCARS), pain perception (Wong-Baker FACES), physiological parameters (pulse rate, SpO₂), and behavioral cooperation (Frankl scale).

研究概览

地位

尚未招聘

条件

干预/治疗

研究类型

介入性

注册 (估计的)

168

阶段

  • 不适用

联系人和位置

本节提供了进行研究的人员的详细联系信息，以及有关进行该研究的地点的信息。

学习联系方式

  • 姓名：Dr.Zamzam AlQulhati Ali AlQulhati, BDS, MFD ( RSCI)
  • 电话号码：+96895573313
  • 邮箱：zalqulhati@gmail.com

研究联系人备份

  • 姓名：Azza AlShidhani Khalid AlShidhani, DclinDent (Ed), MPaeds (RCSEd)
  • 电话号码：+96895692669
  • 邮箱：azzak@squ.edu.om

学习地点

  • 阿曼
      • Muscat、阿曼
        • Sultan Qaboos University Hospital - Dental & Maxillofacial Department
        • 接触：
          • Azza Khalid AlShidhani, DclinDent (Ed), MPaeds (RCSEd)
          • 电话号码：+96895692669
          • 邮箱：Azzak@squ.edu.om
        • 接触：
        • 副研究员：
          • Mohammed AlAzki, Diploma in Dental Surgery Assi
      • Muscat、阿曼
        • The Medical City of Military and Security Service (Dental Center-AlKhoudh )
        • 接触：
        • 接触：
        • 副研究员：
          • Majid AlFori, Diploma in Dental Surgery Assi

参与标准

研究人员寻找符合特定描述的人，称为资格标准。这些标准的一些例子是一个人的一般健康状况或先前的治疗。

资格标准

适合学习的年龄

  • 孩子

接受健康志愿者

不

描述

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Children aged 6 to 10 years
  • Classified as ASA class 1 or 2 (healthy or with mild systemic disease)
  • Those who demonstrated Frankl behavior rating 2 and 3 toward dental procedures
  • Children with NO previous exposure to invasive dental procedure
  • No prior experience using VR glasses
  • Requiring extraction of mandibular deciduous molar under local anesthesia

Exclusion Criteria:

  • ASA 3 and above
  • Those who demonstrated Frankl behavior rating 1 and 4 toward dental procedures
  • Special needs ( intellectual and developmental)
  • Children on psychotropic medication
  • Children wearing glasses
  • Presence of intra-oral swelling

学习计划

本节提供研究计划的详细信息，包括研究的设计方式和研究的衡量标准。

研究是如何设计的？

设计细节

  • 主要用途：支持治疗
  • 分配：随机化
  • 介入模型：并行分配
  • 屏蔽：无（打开标签）

武器和干预

参与者组/臂
干预/治疗
实验性的：Arm 1: Virtual Reality Distraction
Children wear VR glasses to watch immersive 3D cartoons during dental extraction. Anxiety, pain, and cooperation are assessed using CFSS-DS, Wong-Baker FACES, VCARS, Frankl scale, and physiological parameters
设备：Virtual reality headset
Children wear a virtual reality headset to watch immersive 3D cartoons during dental extraction. This device provides distraction to reduce dental anxiety and pain perception.
有源比较器：Arm 2: Audio-Visual Distraction
Children watch 2D cartoons with headset during dental extraction. Anxiety, pain, and cooperation are measured using the same scales and physiological parameters as the VR group.
行为的：Audio-visual distraction with 2D cartoons
Children watch 2D cartoons with headset during dental extraction. This behavioral technique provides distraction to reduce dental anxiety and pain perception.
有源比较器：Arm 3: Conventional Tell-Show-Do
Children receive the standard tell-show-do technique with verbal distraction during dental extraction. Anxiety, pain, and cooperation are assessed using CFSS-DS, Wong-Baker FACES, VCARS, Frankl scale, and physiological parameters.
行为的：Tell-show-do with verbal distraction
Children receive the standard tell-show-do technique with verbal distraction during dental extraction. This behavioral method is used to reduce dental anxiety and improve cooperation.

研究衡量的是什么？

主要结果指标

结果测量
措施说明
大体时间
Child Dental Anxiety (Self-Report)
大体时间：Time Points: Baseline (before starting the procedure) and post-operative assessments ( after finishing the extraction)
Change in child dental anxiety will be measured using the Children's Fear Survey Schedule - Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS, Arabic version). The CFSS-DS consists of 15 items, each scored from 1 (not afraid) to 5 (very afraid), yielding a total score range of 15 to 75. Higher scores indicate greater dental anxiety (worse outcome). The unit of measure is the CFSS-DS score.
Time Points: Baseline (before starting the procedure) and post-operative assessments ( after finishing the extraction)
Child Dental Anxiety (Observation-based Assessment)
大体时间：Time points: This scale will be measured at 4 time points during the procedure: T0(baseline)= 15 min before starting the procedure T1= Time of needle penetration T2= Time of extracting the tooth T3= 5 mins after the extraction
Change in child dental anxiety will also be assessed using Venham's Clinical Anxiety Rating Scale (VCARS). This observational scale is scored from 0 (relaxed) to 5 (out of control), with a total score range of 0 to 5. Higher scores indicate greater observed anxiety (worse outcome).
Time points: This scale will be measured at 4 time points during the procedure: T0(baseline)= 15 min before starting the procedure T1= Time of needle penetration T2= Time of extracting the tooth T3= 5 mins after the extraction
3a: Physiological Monitoring - Pulse Rate
大体时间：Will be measured at 4 time points: T0 ( Baseline)= 15 minutes before the procedure T1= Time of needle penetration T2= Time of extracting the tooth T3= 5 minutes after extraction

Pulse rate will be monitored using a pulse oximeter. The unit of measure is beats per minute (bpm). In children, the normal resting pulse rate varies by age:

Preschool children (3-5 years): ~80-120 bpm

School-aged children (6-12 years): ~70-118 bpm

Adolescents (13-18 years): ~60-100 bpm Higher values during the dental procedure indicate greater physiological arousal (worse outcome).
Will be measured at 4 time points: T0 ( Baseline)= 15 minutes before the procedure T1= Time of needle penetration T2= Time of extracting the tooth T3= 5 minutes after extraction
3b: Physiological Monitoring - Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂)
大体时间：Will be measured at 4 time points: T0 ( Baseline)= 15 minutes before the procedure T1= Time of needle penetration T2= Time of extracting the tooth T3= 5 minutes after extraction
Oxygen saturation will be monitored using a pulse oximeter. The unit of measure is percentage (%). In healthy children, normal SpO₂ values are typically 95-100% at rest. Lower values indicate poorer physiological status (i.e., worse outcomes).
Will be measured at 4 time points: T0 ( Baseline)= 15 minutes before the procedure T1= Time of needle penetration T2= Time of extracting the tooth T3= 5 minutes after extraction

次要结果测量

结果测量
措施说明
大体时间
Pain Perception (Self-Report)
大体时间：at the end of the procedure
Self-reported pain perception will be measured using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale (Arabic version). This scale ranges from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain), represented by facial expressions. Higher scores indicate greater pain intensity (worse outcome), and lower scores indicate less pain intensity (better outcome)
at the end of the procedure
Child Behavior (Observation)
大体时间：Time Points: Baseline (before the dental extraction procedure) and follow-up assessment at 1 month post-procedure

Child behavior will be assessed using the Frankl Behavior Rating Scale. This scale has four degrees:

  1. (Definitely Negative): Refusal of treatment, forceful crying, fearfulness, or extreme negativism.
  2. (Negative): Reluctant to accept treatment, uncooperative, some negative attitude but not pronounced.
  3. (Positive): Acceptance of treatment, cautious behavior, willingness to comply with the dentist, sometimes with reservation.
  4. (Definitely Positive): Good rapport with the dentist, interested in dental procedures, laughing and enjoying the situation.

The total score range is 1 to 4. Higher scores indicate more cooperative behavior (better outcome).
Time Points: Baseline (before the dental extraction procedure) and follow-up assessment at 1 month post-procedure

合作者和调查者

在这里您可以找到参与这项研究的人员和组织。

赞助

Sultan Qaboos University

调查人员

  • 研究主任：Dr. Azza Khalid AlSHidhani, DclinDent (Ed), MPaeds (RCSEd)、Pediatric dental clinic , Dental and maxillofacial department (SQUH), University Medical City,
  • 研究主任：Dr. Khalifa Mohammed AlAzri, DclinDent (Ed), MPaeds (RCSEd)、Pediatric dental clinic, Dental Center (Alkhoudh), The Medical City of Military and Security Services
  • 首席研究员：Dr. Zamzam Ali Alqulhati, BDS, MFD(RCSI)、Oman Medical Specialty Boaered

出版物和有用的链接

负责输入研究信息的人员自愿提供这些出版物。这些可能与研究有关。

一般刊物

有用的网址

研究记录日期

这些日期跟踪向 ClinicalTrials.gov 提交研究记录和摘要结果的进度。研究记录和报告的结果由国家医学图书馆 (NLM) 审查，以确保它们在发布到公共网站之前符合特定的质量控制标准。

研究主要日期

学习开始 (估计的)

2026年9月1日

初级完成 (估计的)

2027年8月31日

研究完成 (估计的)

2027年10月1日

研究注册日期

首次提交

2026年6月24日

首先提交符合 QC 标准的

2026年7月3日

首次发布 (实际的)

2026年7月9日

研究记录更新

最后更新发布 (实际的)

2026年7月9日

上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新

2026年7月3日

最后验证

2026年7月1日

更多信息

与本研究相关的术语

关键字

其他研究编号

  • PED-VR-2026-A
  • OMSBoard-2026 (其他赠款/资助编号：Oman Medical Specialty Board)

计划个人参与者数据 (IPD)

计划共享个人参与者数据 (IPD)？

不

IPD 计划说明

Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared due to ethical considerations in pediatric populations, privacy concerns, and institutional policy. Only aggregated results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific meetings.

药物和器械信息、研究文件

研究美国 FDA 监管的药品

不

研究美国 FDA 监管的设备产品

不

此信息直接从 clinicaltrials.gov 网站检索，没有任何更改。如果您有任何更改、删除或更新研究详细信息的请求，请联系 register@clinicaltrials.gov. clinicaltrials.gov 上实施更改，我们的网站上也会自动更新.

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