Guided Biofilm Therapy Versus Conventional Polishing for Tooth Re-Staining
Guided Biofilm Therapy Versus Conventional Polishing for Extrinsic Tooth Re-Staining, Patient Comfort, and Procedure Time: A Randomized Split-Mouth Trial
This study compared Guided Biofilm Therapy with conventional polishing in adults with visible extrinsic tooth staining. Each participant received Guided Biofilm Therapy on one side of the mouth and conventional polishing on the other side.
The study evaluated whether the two methods differed in the amount of tooth re-staining after treatment, patient discomfort during the procedures, and total procedure time. Tooth color was measured with a spectrophotometer immediately after treatment, at 1 month, and at 2 months. Patient discomfort was recorded using a visual analog scale, and procedure time was measured with a stopwatch.
A total of 34 participants completed the study.
研究概览
详细说明
This randomized split-mouth clinical trial was conducted in adults with visible extrinsic tooth staining. The aim was to compare Guided Biofilm Therapy (GBT) with conventional polishing in terms of post-procedural extrinsic tooth re-staining, patient discomfort, and procedure time.
Each participant received both interventions. One side of the mouth was assigned to GBT and the contralateral side to conventional polishing. The right-left allocation of the interventions was determined by randomization, with the two allocation sequences equally distributed among participants.
In the GBT intervention, dental biofilm was first disclosed and then removed using an air-water-powder system with a low-abrasive erythritol-based powder. Supragingival ultrasonic instrumentation was performed where necessary. In the conventional polishing intervention, supragingival instrumentation was followed by mechanical polishing with a brush and polishing paste.
Tooth color was assessed using a SpectroShade Micro spectrophotometer and the CIELAB color system. Measurements were performed immediately after treatment at baseline (T0), at 1 month (T1), and at 2 months (T2). Color change between assessment periods was calculated using ΔE*ab values.
Patient-reported discomfort was assessed immediately after each half-mouth procedure using a visual analog scale. Total procedure time for each intervention was recorded with a stopwatch.
The primary outcome was color change from immediately after treatment to 2 months. Secondary outcomes included color change from immediately after treatment to 1 month, color change from 1 month to 2 months, patient discomfort, and procedure time.
A total of 34 participants completed all study visits and follow-up assessments.
研究类型
注册 (实际的)
阶段
- 不适用
联系人和位置
学习地点
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Erzurum
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Erzurum、Erzurum、土耳其（türkiye）、25080
- Ataturk University
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参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
- 成人
- 年长者
接受健康志愿者
描述
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age over 18 years.
- Willingness to participate in the study and provision of written informed consent.
- Good general health with no systemic disease.
- Clinical presence of extrinsic staining on tooth surfaces at a level warranting professional polishing.
- Right-handed tooth brushing.
- No professional dental cleaning within the previous 6 months.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Age under 18 years.
- Diagnosis of periodontitis.
- Current smoking.
- Antibiotic use within the previous 3 months.
- Presence of acute periodontal disease.
- Allergy to polishing powders, specifically erythritol.
- Presence of a communicable disease.
- Teeth to be measured with restorations, caries, excessive wear, or structural defects that could affect measurement.
- Active orthodontic treatment.
- Developmental or structural anomalies affecting enamel and potentially increasing susceptibility to extrinsic staining, including hypomineralization, amelogenesis imperfecta, or dentinogenesis imperfecta.
- Severe dental crowding preventing standardized measurements.
学习计划
研究是如何设计的？
设计细节
- 主要用途：预防
- 分配：随机化
- 介入模型：交叉作业
- 屏蔽：单身的
武器和干预
参与者组/臂 |
干预/治疗 |
|---|---|
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实验性的：Sequence A: Right GBT / Left Conventional Polishing
Participants assigned to Sequence A received Guided Biofilm Therapy on the right half of the mouth and conventional polishing on the left half of the mouth.
Both interventions were performed within the split-mouth study design.
|
Dental biofilm was first disclosed to guide treatment.
Supragingival biofilm and extrinsic staining were then removed using an air-water-powder system with a low-abrasive erythritol-based powder.
Supragingival ultrasonic instrumentation was performed where necessary, followed by final surface control.
其他名称：
Supragingival instrumentation was performed as needed, followed by mechanical polishing with a prophylaxis brush and polishing paste at 2500 to 3000 rpm.
The procedure was completed with final surface control.
其他名称：
|
|
实验性的：Sequence B: Right Conventional Polishing / Left GBT
Participants assigned to Sequence B received conventional polishing on the right half of the mouth and Guided Biofilm Therapy on the left half of the mouth.
Both interventions were performed within the split-mouth study design.
|
Dental biofilm was first disclosed to guide treatment.
Supragingival biofilm and extrinsic staining were then removed using an air-water-powder system with a low-abrasive erythritol-based powder.
Supragingival ultrasonic instrumentation was performed where necessary, followed by final surface control.
其他名称：
Supragingival instrumentation was performed as needed, followed by mechanical polishing with a prophylaxis brush and polishing paste at 2500 to 3000 rpm.
The procedure was completed with final surface control.
其他名称：
|
研究衡量的是什么？
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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Change in Tooth Color From Immediately After Treatment to 2 Months Assessed by CIELAB ΔE*ab Using a SpectroShade Micro Spectrophotometer
大体时间：Immediately after treatment (Day 1) and at 2 months
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Tooth color was measured using a SpectroShade Micro spectrophotometer according to the CIELAB color system.
Color change between immediately after treatment (T0) and 2 months (T2) was calculated as ΔEab using the formula: ΔEab = [(ΔL*)² + (Δa*)² + (Δb*)²]^(1/2).
ΔEab is a continuous color-difference measure, with 0 indicating no color difference and higher values indicating greater color change.
Therefore, lower ΔEab values indicate greater color stability.
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Immediately after treatment (Day 1) and at 2 months
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次要结果测量
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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Change in Tooth Color From Immediately After Treatment to 1 Month Assessed by CIELAB ΔE*ab Using a SpectroShade Micro Spectrophotometer
大体时间：Immediately after treatment (Day 1) and at 1 month
|
Tooth color was measured using a SpectroShade Micro spectrophotometer according to the CIELAB color system.
Color change between immediately after treatment (T0) and 1 month (T1) was calculated as ΔEab using the formula: ΔEab = [(ΔL*)² + (Δa*)² + (Δb*)²]^(1/2).
ΔEab is a continuous color-difference measure, with 0 indicating no color difference and higher values indicating greater color change.
Therefore, lower ΔEab values indicate greater color stability.
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Immediately after treatment (Day 1) and at 1 month
|
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Change in Tooth Color From 1 Month to 2 Months
大体时间：At 1 month and 2 months
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Tooth color was measured using a SpectroShade Micro spectrophotometer according to the CIELAB color system.
Color change between 1 month (M1) and 2 months (M2) was calculated as ΔE*ab using the formula: ΔE*ab = [(ΔL*)² + (Δa*)² + (Δb*)²]^(1/2).
Lower ΔE*ab values indicate less color change.
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At 1 month and 2 months
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Patient-Reported Discomfort Assessed Using a 10-cm Visual Analog Scale
大体时间：Immediately after completion of each half-mouth intervention (Day 1)
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Patient-reported discomfort was assessed immediately after each half-mouth procedure using a 10-cm visual analog scale ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 indicated no discomfort and 10 indicated unbearable discomfort.
The score reflected the overall perception of pain or sensitivity, heat, pressure or vibration, and discomfort related to water spray or aerosol.
Lower scores indicate greater patient comfort.
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Immediately after completion of each half-mouth intervention (Day 1)
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Total Procedure Time Measured Using a Digital Stopwatch
大体时间：Periprocedural
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Total procedure time for each intervention was recorded using a digital stopwatch.
Timing began with the first clinical step of the relevant intervention and ended after completion of the final surface check.
Patient preparation, isolation, and oral hygiene instruction were excluded.
Procedure time was recorded in minutes and seconds, with shorter times indicating greater procedural efficiency.
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Periprocedural
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合作者和调查者
调查人员
- 研究主任：Recep Orbak, DDS, PhD、Ataturk University
研究记录日期
研究主要日期
学习开始 (实际的)
初级完成 (实际的)
研究完成 (实际的)
研究注册日期
首次提交
首先提交符合 QC 标准的
首次发布 (实际的)
研究记录更新
最后更新发布 (实际的)
上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新
最后验证
更多信息
与本研究相关的术语
其他研究编号
- 926
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IPD 共享时间框架
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