Study of Adolescent Immunization Recall Systems

Adolescent Immunization Recall Systems: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The purpose of this study is to determine whether contacting the parents of adolescents overdue for routine vaccines or contacting both the parents AND adolescents overdue to routine vaccines improves immunization rates as compared to usual care.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Reminder Systems; Immunization
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Parent Only Phone Call; Other: Parent and Adolescent Phone Call

Detailed Description

This randomized controlled trial is a 3-armed study designed to evaluate an immunization recall system in adolescents. In the control arm (Group 1), the adolescents will receive usual care, in which they will primarily receive immunizations at annual physical exams, or as recommended by providers at urgent care visits. In one intervention arm (Group 2), the parent/guardian will receive a telephone call informing them that the adolescent is overdue for one or more immunizations (conjugated Neisseria meningitidis (MCV4) vaccine, tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis (Tdap) booster, and/or the second varicella (VZV) vaccine). In the second intervention arm (Group 3), both the parent/guardian and the adolescent will receive a telephone call informing them that the adolescent is overdue for one or more immunizations. Immunization rates will be compared between the 3 groups at a four week and a twelve month follow up period.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 420
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Massachusetts
    • Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02115
      • Children's Hospital Boston

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 13 years to 17 years (Child)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: Female

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• at least 13 years of age and under 18 years of age
• had a billing code for an annual physical exam in the past 3 years at the Adolescent/Young Adult Medical Practice at Children's Hospital Boston
• immunization record shows one of the following: no tetanus containing vaccine in the previous 5 years; no MCV4 vaccine; and/or has received the 1st VZV vaccine but not the 2nd VZV vaccine and has no documented history of the chicken pox

Exclusion Criteria:

• immunization record shows no vaccines or only influenza vaccines
• sibling enrolled in the study
• in the custody of the Department of Youth Services
• in the custody of the Department of Child and Family Services

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Prevention
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Factorial Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: control; This study arm will receive usual clinical care, but no specific intervention will be made to inform the parent or adolescent that the adolescents is overdue for a routine vaccine.
Experimental: Parent Only Group; Parent Only Phone Call	Other: Parent Only Phone Call; A telephone call will be made to the parent/guardian informing them that the adolescent has not received one or more vaccines (Td/Tdap in the past 5 years, the MCV4 vaccine, or the 2nd VZV vaccine). The phone call will include a brief informational statement about the vaccine(s) that the adolescent has not yet received. Up to 4 telephone calls will be attempted. As part of the phone call, we will offer to schedule an appointment for the adolescent to receive the missing immunization(s). We will also ask them to mail or fax to the Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine clinic records of immunizations given at other sites.
Experimental: Parent and Adolescent Group; Parent and Adolescent Phone Call	Other: Parent and Adolescent Phone Call; A telephone call will be made to the parent/guardian informing them that the adolescent has not received one or more vaccines (Td/Tdap in the past 5 years, the MCV4 vaccine, or the 2nd VZV vaccine). The phone call will include a brief informational statement about the vaccine(s) that the adolescent has not yet received. Up to 4 telephone calls will be attempted. As part of the phone call, we will offer to schedule an appointment for the adolescent to receive the missing immunization(s). We will also ask them to mail or fax to the Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine clinic records of immunizations given at other sites. We will also ask permission to speak with the adolescent as well, and if granted, will make up to 4 phone calls to the adolescent to convey the same message.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
receipt of vaccine of interest at 28 days	Vaccination records are assessed 28 days after the intervention to see if Tdap, MCV4, or the 2nd VZV vaccine were administered.	28 days

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
receipt of vaccine of interest at 1 year	Immunization records are assessed 1 year after the intervention to assess for receipt of Tdap, MCV4, and/or the 2nd VZV vaccine.	1 year
receipt of other vaccines at 28 days	Immunization records are assessed 28 days after the intervention to assess for receipt of any vaccine other than Tdap, MCV4, and the 2nd VZV.	28 days
receipt of other vaccines at 1 year	Immunization records are assessed 1 year after the intervention to assess for receipt of any vaccine other than Tdap, MCV4, and the 2nd VZV.	1 year
receipt of prior vaccines at 28 days	We will assess the immunization record at 28 days to see if it has been updated with vaccines given prior to the enrollment date to see if we successfully obtained copies of immunization records at other healthcare sites.	28 days
receipt of prior vaccines at 1 year	We will assess the immunization record at 1 year to see if it has been updated with vaccines given prior to the enrollment date to see if we successfully obtained copies of immunization records at other healthcare sites.	1 year

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Boston Children's Hospital
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Kathryn S Brigham, MD, Boston Children's Hospital

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Brigham KS, Woods ER, Steltz SK, Sandora TJ, Blood EA. Randomized controlled trial of an immunization recall intervention for adolescents. Pediatrics. 2012 Sep;130(3):507-14. doi: 10.1542/peds.2012-0471. Epub 2012 Aug 20.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 1, 2010
• Primary Completion (Actual): July 31, 2011
• Study Completion (Actual): July 31, 2011

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 7, 2011
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 7, 2011
• First Posted (Estimate): July 11, 2011

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 13, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 12, 2017
• Last Verified: April 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: immunization; reminder systems
• Other Study ID Numbers: 10-01-0025