Genome Sequencing of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB) in Sputum (MDRTB01)

September 17, 2014 updated by: St George's Healthcare NHS Trust

Genome Sequencing of MDR TB in Sputum

Drug resistant tuberculosis is a growing problem world wide. The current methods for diagnosis are time consuming and may delay diagnosis and treatment for many weeks. In this study the investigators wish to take sputum samples from patients to see if the investigators can validate a molecular DNA based process for prompt identification of drug resistant tuberculosis. The investigators wish to extract and amplify DNA from drug resistant tuberculosis and identify genes within it that confer resistance.

Study Overview

Status

Unknown

Conditions

Detailed Description

Drug resistant M. tuberculosis is an increasing problem in the United Kingdom and abroad. In the United Kingdom (UK) as a whole the number of isolates that were shown to be resistant to at least one of the first line drugs was nearly 400, with the total number of isolates approaching 5000. A total of 9040 cases were reported in the UK in 2009 and of these 6.9% demonstrated resistance to at least one first line drug(1). In certain populations the incidence of drug resistance is higher: in London, homeless patients, those who have been in prison and those from certain countries abroad, particularly Eastern Europe.

The difficulty of drug resistant tuberculosis is that the treatment duration, cost and complexity is increased. Typically the patient will be on treatment for 18 months or more and the Health Protection Agency (HPA) has estimated the cost of this as being upto £50000.

Current diagnosis rests on the culture of the M. tuberculosis and drug sensitivity testing. This can take six or eight weeks, meaning that patients may be on ineffective therapy for some time, leading to further transmission and deterioration of the patient's clinical condition. In this study the investigators would hope to develop a new test to improve and expedite the diagnosis of multi- drug resistant or MDR TB.

The predominant mechanism by which resistance occurs in M. tuberculosis is by the development and selection of mutants containing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP's)(2). Present commercial assays enable only a common subset (5-10) of the (900+) documented resistance mutations to be detected (www.tbdreamdb.com). It is highly likely that many more exist particularly in regions of the genome that may modulate sensitivity or resistance. This complexity is compounded by the requirement to treat TB with cocktails of antibiotics even for fully drug sensitive M.tuberculosis for which treatment consists of isoniazid (H), rifampicin (R), pyrazinamide (Z) and ethambutol (E). Multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) TB cases are treated with second line drugs such as moxifloxacin, amikacin, capreomycin, para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS), thiocetazone and others for which genotypic markers of resistance are not tested. Such complex treatment combinations increase the need to screen multiple gene targets with the imperative to treat immediately with correct combinations of antibiotics.

The large number of mutations makes exhaustive detection of all known SNP's impossible with existing diagnostic procedures. Whole genome sequencing offers the potential to interrogate the genome of clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis for all known mutations and from this to infer an antimicrobial sensitivity pattern.

The extensive cost of treating and managing MDR cases(3) could potentially be reduced by obtaining a rapid genomic resistance profile early within the patients treatment. Cost benefit analysis of immediate whole genome sequencing (WGS) on all TB cases would be highly beneficial financially as well as clinically. The investigators propose to conduct a limited pilot study to assess the potential to acquire whole genome sequence directly from sputum specimens, early in a patient's treatment and to retrospectively define the potential impact of the availability of this data on patient care. This proposal will thus provide an evidence base for WGS to be developed into a routine diagnostic test/process with medical potential both at local National Health Service (NHS) level and globally so as to improve care pathways for MDR and XDR TB.

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Anticipated)

50

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United Kingdom
      • London, United Kingdom, SW180RE
        • Recruiting
        • St George's NHS Healthcare Trust
        • Contact:

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Smear positive patients with confirmed or suspected TB

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Any patient with smear positive tuberculosis who is capable to give informed consent will be offered to be included in the trial.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Any patient under 18 or who is unable to give informed consent will be excluded from this trial. Any patient who is unable to give a sputum sample.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Patients with expected MDR TB

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Identification and sequencing of mycobacterial DNA from sputum samples
Time Frame: within 24 hours of sample collection
To see if mycobacterial DNA can be identified and sequenced from sputum and if the results correlate with the Microtiter Plate Methods done phenotypically in the standard manner.
within 24 hours of sample collection

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

St George's Healthcare NHS Trust

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

April 1, 2013

Primary Completion (Anticipated)

April 1, 2016

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

September 12, 2014

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

September 17, 2014

First Posted (Estimate)

September 19, 2014

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

September 19, 2014

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

September 17, 2014

Last Verified

September 1, 2014

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 12.LO.1694

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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