- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT02438540
Comparative the Effect of Metformin and Acupuncture on Weight Loss and Insulin Sensitivity
October 14, 2016 updated by: Amir Firouzjaei
Placebo-controlled, Randomized, Double Blind Trial, What is the Therapeutic Effect of Metformin and Acupuncture Combined Therapy in Comparison With Metformin Monotherapy on Weight Loss and Insulin Sensitivity in Diabetic Patients
The investigators designed this randomized double blind (patients/ assessor) clinical trial to compare the therapeutic effects of Metformin monotherapy with Metformin and acupuncture combined therapy on weight loss and insulin sensitivity among overweight/obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.
We compared the inflammatory markers, lipid profiles, and adipokines in overweight/obese T2DM patients receiving the combined therapy to those receiving the Metformin monotherapy, to understand whether acupuncture plus Metformin is a better approach then Metformin only on treating diabetes.
Study Overview
Status
Completed
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
From 39 participants, 19 participants were sent to case group and 20 to control group according to above mentioned method of randomization by independent research assistant.
In the case group enrolled participants were treated with Metformin monotherapy and received electro acupuncture (EA) and Auricular acupuncture at the selected acupoints, and participants in a control group were treated with Metformin monotherapy and received sham EA.
All patients were blinded to treatment assignment during the period of study and assessor was blinded to name of the patients and results as well.
IR was calculated by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) proposed by Matthews et al.
HOMA-IR = (fasting insulin (mmol/L) × fasting glucose (µIU/ml))/22.5;
body height was measured to an accuracy of +/-0.1cm;
body weight was measured while the subjects were dressed in light clothing after an overnight fasting by standard scale to an accuracy of +/-0.1 kg; The body mass index (BMI) was calculated by dividing weight (kg) into height (squared m²).
Blood markers including fasting blood sugar (FBS), fasting insulin (FINS), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis α (TNFα), C reactive protein (CRP), leptin, adiponectin, resistin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), HOMA index , free fatty acid (FFAs), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) , and ceramides; were calculated by measuring them after drawing 10 ml of blood from cubital vein in each patient after 8 hours overnight fasting, before treatment, and for FBS, FINS and HOMA index 30 min after treatment additionally, 3 times during the study (in the beginning, in the 5th time and at the end) from both groups, with the chosen for this research standard range.
All data with standard range were managed by Epi-data software, then analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software 15.0.0 (6 Sep 2006).
The investigators statistics method included T-test and repeated measures ANOVA.
P-Value<0.05
was statistically significant in this trial
Study Type
Interventional
Enrollment (Actual)
43
Phase
- Not Applicable
Participation Criteria
Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
20 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Genders Eligible for Study
All
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Who had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and has using Metformin monotherapy as well to control their diabetes during the period of this study as previously (500 mg one/two/three times per day)
- All patients were overweight according to BMI ≥25
Exclusion Criteria:
- Individuals with nephritic syndrome (urine protein over 3.5 g/day), edema or renal failure (serum creatinine over 115 µmol/L)
- Individuals who had been diagnosed with heart failure (NYHA Fc III-IV) or who had been a pacemaker implanted
- Individuals with abnormal liver dysfunction (GOT and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT) levels twofold above the normal range) or a diagnosis of liver cirrhosis
- Individuals with a high HbA1C level (HbA1C above 9 %)
- Pregnant women
- Individuals who were receiving insulin therapy already
- Individuals who receive other therapy or had any change at dosage during the period of therapy
- Individuals who were suffering from endocrine abnormalities such as Thyroid disease, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), etc
- Individuals who were receiving weight loss medicine, anti depressant agents' or hormonal medicines during the last 3 months and the period of study
- Individuals who were suffering from a homeostasis disorder or other systemic disease
- Individuals who did not comply(signed informed consent) with the treatment during the study period
Study Plan
This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Treatment
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: Double
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: metformin & acupuncture
Metformin 500 mg (one/two/three times per day), to control their diabetes during the period of this study as previously, and acupuncture treatment including electro body acupuncture and Auricular acupuncture for 30 minutes, 10 times, every other day, for 3 weeks.
|
metformin tablet 500 mg
Electro body acupuncture and auricular acupuncture
|
Placebo Comparator: metformin & placebo
Metformin 500 mg (one/two/three times per day), to control their diabetes during the period of this study as previously, and placebo acupuncture treatment, needling not in right acupoints and EA machine was switched off during 30 minutes of therapeutic time.
For ear acupuncture was just used sticky layers without seeds.
All placebo treatment used for 30 minutes, 10 times, every other day, for 3 weeks.
|
metformin tablet 500 mg
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Body Weight
Time Frame: baseline, week 3
|
The effect of Metformin and acupuncture combined therapy on weight loss (Change from baseline in body weight), body weight was measured while the subjects were dressed in light clothing after an overnight fasting and by a standard scale to an accuracy of +/-0.1 kg.
All measures were recorded by one assessment, at baseline before the first time treatment, and before the last time treatment at week 3.
|
baseline, week 3
|
Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS)
Time Frame: baseline, week 2, week 3
|
changes FBS, Blood markers were calculated by measuring them after drawing 10 ml of blood from cubital vein in each patient, after 8 hours of overnight fasting and before treatment; Blood was collected three times during the study (at the beginning, at the 5th time, and at the end), from groups, using standard range and ELISA diagnostic kits (Biomatik USA LLC, www.biomatik.com),
and clinical assessments and measurements undertaken after 3 weeks.
Readings/assessment was performed at 3 weeks.
|
baseline, week 2, week 3
|
Fasting Insulin (FINS)
Time Frame: baseline, week 2, week 3
|
change of FINS,Blood markers were calculated by measuring them after drawing 10 ml of blood from cubital vein in each patient, after 8 hours of overnight fasting and before treatment; Blood was collected three times during the study (at the beginning, at the 5th time, and at the end), from groups, using standard range and ELISA diagnostic kits (Biomatik USA LLC, www.biomatik.com),
and clinical assessments and measurements undertaken after 3 weeks.
Readings/assessment was performed at 3 weeks.
|
baseline, week 2, week 3
|
Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
Time Frame: baseline, week 2, week 3
|
IL-6 changes, IL-6 were calculated by measuring them after drawing 10 ml of blood from cubital vein in each patient, after 8 hours of overnight fasting and before treatment; Blood was collected three times during the study (at the beginning, at the 5th time, and at the end), from groups, using standard range and ELISA diagnostic kits (Biomatik USA LLC, www.biomatik.com),
and clinical assessments and measurements undertaken after 3 weeks.
Readings/assessment was performed at 3 weeks.
|
baseline, week 2, week 3
|
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α)
Time Frame: baseline, week 2, week 3
|
Blood markers changes in TNF α, were calculated by measuring them after drawing 10 ml of blood from cubital vein in each patient, after 8 hours of overnight fasting and before treatment; Blood was collected three times during the study (at the beginning, at the 5th time, and at the end), from groups, using standard range and ELISA diagnostic kits (Biomatik USA LLC, www.biomatik.com),
and clinical assessments and measurements undertaken after 3 weeks.
Readings/assessment was performed at 3 weeks.
|
baseline, week 2, week 3
|
C-reaction Protein (CRP)
Time Frame: baseline, week 2, week 3
|
CRP blood markers changes; Blood markers were calculated by measuring them after drawing 10 ml of blood from cubital vein in each patient, after 8 hours of overnight fasting and before treatment; Blood was collected three times during the study (at the beginning, at the 5th time, and at the end), from groups, using standard range and ELISA diagnostic kits (Biomatik USA LLC, www.biomatik.com),
and clinical assessments and measurements undertaken after 3 weeks.
Readings/assessment was performed at 3 weeks.
|
baseline, week 2, week 3
|
Free Fatty Acids (FFAs)
Time Frame: baseline, week 2, week 3
|
Blood markers were calculated by measuring them after drawing 10 ml of blood from cubital vein in each patient, after 8 hours of overnight fasting and before treatment; Blood was collected three times during the study (at the beginning, at the 5th time, and at the end), from groups, using standard range and ELISA diagnostic kits (Biomatik USA LLC, www.biomatik.com),
and clinical assessments and measurements undertaken after 3 weeks.
Readings/assessment was performed at 3 weeks.
|
baseline, week 2, week 3
|
Triglyceride (TG)
Time Frame: baseline, week 2, week 3
|
baseline, week 2, week 3
|
|
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDLc)
Time Frame: baseline, week 2, week 3
|
baseline, week 2, week 3
|
|
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDLc)
Time Frame: baseline, week 2, week 3
|
HDLc changes, Blood markers were calculated by measuring them after drawing 10 ml of blood from cubital vein in each patient, after 8 hours of overnight fasting and before treatment; Blood was collected three times during the study (at the beginning, at the 5th time, and at the end), from groups, using standard range and ELISA diagnostic kits (Biomatik USA LLC, www.biomatik.com),
and clinical assessments and measurements undertaken after 3 weeks.
Readings/assessment was performed at 3 weeks.
|
baseline, week 2, week 3
|
Ceramides
Time Frame: baseline, week 2, week 3
|
Changes in ceramides blood level, Blood markers were calculated by measuring them after drawing 10 ml of blood from cubital vein in each patient, after 8 hours of overnight fasting and before treatment; Blood was collected three times during the study (at the beginning, at the 5th time, and at the end), from groups, using standard range and ELISA diagnostic kits (Biomatik USA LLC, www.biomatik.com),
and clinical assessments and measurements undertaken after 3 weeks.
Readings/assessment was performed at 3 weeks.
|
baseline, week 2, week 3
|
Leptin
Time Frame: baseline, week 2, week 3
|
changes in Leptin blood level, Blood markers were calculated by measuring them after drawing 10 ml of blood from cubital vein in each patient, after 8 hours of overnight fasting and before treatment; Blood was collected three times during the study (at the beginning, at the 5th time, and at the end), from groups, using standard range and ELISA diagnostic kits (Biomatik USA LLC, www.biomatik.com),
and clinical assessments and measurements undertaken after 3 weeks.
Readings/assessment was performed at 3 weeks.
|
baseline, week 2, week 3
|
Adiponectin
Time Frame: baseline, week 2, week 3
|
Changes in Adiponectin blood level, Blood markers were calculated by measuring them after drawing 10 ml of blood from cubital vein in each patient, after 8 hours of overnight fasting and before treatment; Blood was collected three times during the study (at the beginning, at the 5th time, and at the end), from groups, using standard range and ELISA diagnostic kits (Biomatik USA LLC, www.biomatik.com),
and clinical assessments and measurements undertaken after 3 weeks.
Readings/assessment was performed at 3 weeks.
|
baseline, week 2, week 3
|
Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1)
Time Frame: baseline, week 2, week 3
|
changes in GLP-1 blood level, Blood markers were calculated by measuring them after drawing 10 ml of blood from cubital vein in each patient, after 8 hours of overnight fasting and before treatment; Blood was collected three times during the study (at the beginning, at the 5th time, and at the end), from groups, using standard range and ELISA diagnostic kits (Biomatik USA LLC, www.biomatik.com),
and clinical assessments and measurements undertaken after 3 weeks.
Readings/assessment was performed at 3 weeks.
|
baseline, week 2, week 3
|
Resistin
Time Frame: baseline, week 2, week 3
|
Changes in Resistin blood level, Blood markers were calculated by measuring them after drawing 10 ml of blood from cubital vein in each patient, after 8 hours of overnight fasting and before treatment; Blood was collected three times during the study (at the beginning, at the 5th time, and at the end), from groups, using standard range and ELISA diagnostic kits (Biomatik USA LLC, www.biomatik.com),
and clinical assessments and measurements undertaken after 3 weeks.
Readings/assessment was performed at 3 weeks.
|
baseline, week 2, week 3
|
Serotonin
Time Frame: baseline, week 2, week 3
|
changes in Serotonin blood level, Blood markers were calculated by measuring them after drawing 10 ml of blood from cubital vein in each patient, after 8 hours of overnight fasting and before treatment; Blood was collected three times during the study (at the beginning, at the 5th time, and at the end), from groups, using standard range and ELISA diagnostic kits (Biomatik USA LLC, www.biomatik.com),
and clinical assessments and measurements undertaken after 3 weeks.
Readings/assessment was performed at 3 weeks.
|
baseline, week 2, week 3
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Time Frame: baseline, week 3
|
change of BMI.
Body height was measured to an accuracy of +/-0.1cm.
BMI was calculated by dividing weight (kg) into height (squared m²).
|
baseline, week 3
|
HOMA-IR
Time Frame: baseline, week 2, week 3
|
Changes of IR was calculated by the homeostasis model (HOMA-IR), proposed by Matthews et al.
HOMA-IR = (fasting insulin (mmol/L) × fasting glucose (µIU/ml))/22•5.
Blood markers were calculated by measuring them after drawing 10 ml of blood from cubital vein in each patient, after 8 hours of overnight fasting and before treatment; Blood was collected three times during the study (at the beginning, at the 5th time, and at the end), from groups, using standard range and ELISA diagnostic kits (Biomatik USA LLC, www.biomatik.com),
and clinical assessments and measurements undertaken after 3 weeks.
Readings/assessment was performed at 3 weeks.
|
baseline, week 2, week 3
|
Collaborators and Investigators
This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.
Sponsor
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Amir Firouzjaei, Clinical PhD, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Study record dates
These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.
Study Major Dates
Study Start
May 1, 2014
Primary Completion (Actual)
January 1, 2015
Study Completion (Actual)
April 1, 2015
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
April 21, 2015
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
May 5, 2015
First Posted (Estimate)
May 8, 2015
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Estimate)
December 8, 2016
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
October 14, 2016
Last Verified
October 1, 2016
More Information
Terms related to this study
Keywords
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- NanjingUTCM
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
UNDECIDED
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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