Fixed Diet Plan and Calorie Counting Diet in Adolescents

Effects of Two Diet Techniques and Delivery Mode on Weight Loss, Metabolic Profile and Food Intake of Obese Adolescents: a Fixed Diet Plan and a Calorie Counting Diet

Obesity is a chronic illness and multifactorial etiology, related to genetic factors, environmental and behavioral. Features association with several metabolic abnormalities in childhood, leading to increased risk of cardiovascular disease in adult life. The treatment involves lifestyle change, with balanced diet guidance and encouraging physical activity. The treatment in this age group have brought limited data, in addition to high drop-out rates. A unique type of food guidance is the equivalent calorie count, where calories are converted into points. The objective of this study was to evaluate the variance of Z score of body mass index (ZIMC) of obese adolescents undergoing orientation of two groups of low-calorie diet: traditional and based on the points system, as well as evaluate anthropometric variables, body composition, food intake, metabolic changes and self-monitoring.

METHODS: randomized clinical study with duration of 24 weeks, with 66 adolescents with an average age of 13.7 ± 0.7 years of both genders, with scores of BMI >= 2 to <= 4 curve adjusted for gender and age of the World Health Organization. Were verified weight, height, blood pressure and waist circumference, intensity of physical activity and self- monitoring, as well as performed the nutritional guidance to each visit. Laboratory parameters, applying the scale of binge eating, pubertal, stage and body composition were evaluated at the beginning and end of the action. The patients were divided into two groups: one that received guidance of traditional low-calorie diet and meet the food consumption record (RCA), three days (Group A) and another that received low-calorie diet guidance based on the system of points and meet the daily RCA (Group B).

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Pediatric Obesity
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Fixed diet plan; Behavioral: Calorie counting diet

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 66
• Phase: Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 12 years to 15 years (Child)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age 12 to 15 years old
• ZBMI ≥+2.0 according to World Health Organization

Exclusion Criteria:

• ZBMI≥+4
• obesity related to genetic syndromes
• End-organ damage
• Taking drugs that promote weight changes

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Fixed diet plan; Patients received a fixed diet plan to assist in the choice of foods aimed at changing eating behavior. Dietary intake was evaluated by using 3 nonconsecutive 24-hour dietary recalls collected at each visit. Received a reduction of 500 calories in the total energy expenditure calculated by the equation predicted by Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) from the Institute of Medicine (2005). Also received qualitative information regarding healthy food behaviours, by a same dietitian, based on the DRI for Acceptable Macronutrient Ranges, appropriated for age and gender.	Behavioral: Fixed diet plan
Experimental: Calorie counting diet; Patients underwent a calorie counting diet, in which each patient has received a table list with equivalent points for food and drinks, and was instructed to record all daily food or drink intake and calculate the total score of points consumed (1 point = 3.6 calories). They were allowed to eat any food but were limited to the recommended amount of points (or calories equivalents). Received a reduction of 500 calories in the total energy expenditure calculated by the equation predicted by Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) from the Institute of Medicine (2005). Also received qualitative information regarding healthy food behaviours, by a same dietitian, based on the DRI for Acceptable Macronutrient Ranges, appropriated for age and gender.	Behavioral: Calorie counting diet

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Z-score body mass index	24 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: MARCIO CORRÊA MANCINI

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: July 1, 2011
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 1, 2013
• Study Completion (Actual): December 1, 2013

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 13, 2016
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 15, 2016
• First Posted (Estimate): April 18, 2016

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): April 18, 2016
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 15, 2016
• Last Verified: April 1, 2016

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Overnutrition; Nutrition Disorders; Overweight; Body Weight; Obesity; Pediatric Obesity
• Other Study ID Numbers: 0037/11

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No