Aktiv i Sør: a Randomized Controlled Trial (AiS)

The Effect of a Tailored Telephone and Email Based Physical Activity Intervention on Physical Fitness and Body Composition: a Randomized Controlled Trial

The purpose of this regional parallel-group RCT was to assess the effect of a six-month tailored telephone and email based physical activity intervention on various measures of physical fitness and body composition in a sample of physically inactive adults. A total of 111 physically inactive adults (40-55yr) from Agder, Norway were randomly allocated to either an intervention group (IG;n=56) or a no-intervention control group (CG;n=55). The IG received tailored exercise recommendations, every two months by email or mail (print) in addition to motivational follow-ups every second week, alternatively by email and telephone. Primary outcome measures were various objective measures of musculoskeletal and cardiorespiratory fitness in addition to various measures of body composition, including waist circumference, body mass index and fat percentage, which were assessed pre- and post-intervention.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Physical Activity
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Intervention group - telephone and print exercise intervention

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 111
• Phase: Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 40 years to 55 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Participants were included in the study if they were

• healthy
• between the ages of 40-55
• residents of the Agder counties in Norway
• classified as physically inactive (not fulfill the recommendations for physical activity given by the Norwegian Directorate of Health
• within stage one to three of the five stages of change in the transtheoretical model stages of change

Exclusion Criteria:

Participants were excluded if they were

• Unhealthy/ill
• younger than 40 years or older than 55 years
• living outside the Agder counties in Norway
• allready fulfilling the national recommendations given by the Norwegian Directorate of Health
• within stage four or five of the five stages of change in the transtheoretical model stages of change

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Prevention
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Intervention group - telephone and print exercise intervention; The intervention group (IG) received a total of three intervention packages, one every second month, during the intervention period. The first intervention package was distributed at intervention start. The intervention package consisted of a tailored exercise program, national recommendations for physical activity, prompts and reminders. Additionally the IG received fortnightly supportive motivational contact every two weeks, alternately by telephone og email	Behavioral: Intervention group - telephone and print exercise intervention; Intervention has previously been described.
No Intervention: Control group; The control group (CG) were encouraged to continue previous lifestyle.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change from Baseline Cardiorespiratory fitness at 6 months	Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by a modified Balke protocol on a treadmill and registered in ml/kg/min	Data collected prior to (pre) and after (post) a 6 month intervention period. Pretest was conducted in March-April, 2011 and post test was conducted in October-November, 2011.
Change from Baseline Muscular endurance of the back extensors at 6 months	The static back extension test recorded muscular endurance of the back extensors as number of seconds the subject managed to endure a static horizontal position, with their lower body supported by a bench (max 240 sec).	Data collected prior to (pre) and after (post) a 6 month intervention period. Pretest was conducted in March-April, 2011 and post test was conducted in October-November, 2011.
Change from Baseline Hand grip strength at 6 months	Hand grip strength was registered to the nearest 1 kilogram (kg) using a hydraulic dynamometer	Data collected prior to (pre) and after (post) a 6 month intervention period. Pretest was conducted in March-April, 2011 and post test was conducted in October-November, 2011.
Change from Baseline Neuromotor fitness at 6 months	Neuromotor fitness was registered using the one leg standing test where the duration each subject managed to hold a balancing position was recorded in seconds (max 60 seconds).	Data collected prior to (pre) and after (post) a 6 month intervention period. Pretest was conducted in March-April, 2011 and post test was conducted in October-November, 2011.
Change from Baseline Muscular dynamic endurance of and the ability to stabilize the upper body at 6 months	Muscular dynamic endurance of and the ability to stabilize the upper body was registered using a modified push-ups test. The amount of correctly performed repetitions completed in 40 seconds, was recorded in number.	Data collected prior to (pre) and after (post) a 6 month intervention period. Pretest was conducted in March-April, 2011 and post test was conducted in October-November, 2011.
Change from Baseline Flexibility of the hamstring musculature at 6 months	Flexibility of the hamstring musculature was recorded using the sit-and-reach test to the nearest half centimeter, using a specially designed box.	Data collected prior to (pre) and after (post) a 6 month intervention period. Pretest was conducted in March-April, 2011 and post test was conducted in October-November, 2011.
Change from Baseline Flexibility in the shoulder joint at 6 months	Flexibility of the shoulder joint was registered to the nearest centimeter, using the back-scratch test. The mean registered flexibility score of both shoulders was recorded.	Data collected prior to (pre) and after (post) a 6 month intervention period. Pretest was conducted in March-April, 2011 and post test was conducted in October-November, 2011.
Change from Baseline Explosive power in the lower extremities at 6 months	Explosive power in the lower extremities was recorded to the nearest centimeter, using the vertical jump test.	Data collected prior to (pre) and after (post) a 6 month intervention period. Pretest was conducted in March-April, 2011 and post test was conducted in October-November, 2011.
Change from Baseline Body mass index at 6 months	Body mass index was calculated using the formula weight/height^2. Height and weight were measured using a measuring band (meters) and a weight scale (kilograms) respectively.	Data collected prior to (pre) and after (post) a 6 month intervention period. Pretest was conducted in March-April, 2011 and post test was conducted in October-November, 2011.
Change from Baseline Waist circumference at 6 months	Waist circumference was registered using a measuring band and the mean of two measures was recorded to the nearest half-centimeter.	Data collected prior to (pre) and after (post) a 6 month intervention period. Pretest was conducted in March-April, 2011 and post test was conducted in October-November, 2011.
Change from Baseline Fat percentage at 6 months	Fat percentage was measured using the bioimpedance machine InBody 720 and using skinfolds. Both registered body fat percentage.	Data collected prior to (pre) and after (post) a 6 month intervention period. Pretest was conducted in March-April, 2011 and post test was conducted in October-November, 2011.
Change from Baseline Cardiorespiratory fitness at 6 months	Cardiorespiratory fitness was measure by a modified Balke protocol on a treadmill and registered in l/min.	Data collected prior to (pre) and after (post) a 6 month intervention period. Pretest was conducted in March-April, 2011 and post test was conducted in October-November, 2011.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Age	Age was assessed by questionaire to the nearest whole year.	This is one of the descriptive statistics which was collected at one time point only. Data were collected on day one, in april 2011.
Gender	Gender was assessed using a questionnaire and outcome was either Female or male.	This is one of the descriptive statistics which was collected at one time point only. Data were collected on day one, in april 2011
Educational level	Educational level was assessed using a questionnaire as one of four different levels	This is one of the descriptive statistics which was collected at one time point only. Data were collected on day one, in april 2011

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Physical activity level	Physical activity level was assessed using IPAQ- sf as minutes of physical activity per week.	This is one of the variables determining inclusion to the study and was collected at one time point only. Data were collected on day one, in april 2011
Stage of change	Stage of change was assessed using a questionnaire as one of five alternatives.	This is one of the variables determining inclusion to the study and was collected at one time point only. Data were collected on day one, in april 2011

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Agder
• Collaborators: Norwegian School of Sport Sciences
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Monica K Torstveit, PhD, University of Agder

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Kjaer IGH, Anderssen SA, Torstveit MK. A tailored telephone and email based exercise intervention induced reductions in various measures of body composition in physically inactive adults: A randomized controlled trial. Prev Med Rep. 2018 Jun 27;11:160-168. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.06.011. eCollection 2018 Sep.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): April 1, 2011
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 1, 2011
• Study Completion (Actual): February 1, 2012

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 9, 2017
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 19, 2017
• First Posted (Actual): May 23, 2017

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): May 25, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 23, 2017
• Last Verified: May 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: Aktiv i Sør

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No
• IPD Plan Description: The IPD of the present study will be shared through publications (articles).

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No