Correlation Between Antibiotic Resistance and Incidence of Sepsis in Community Acquired Pneumonia

A Study on Correlation Between Antibiotics Resistance and Incidence of Sepsis in Community Acquired Pneumonia in RICU Patients, Assiut University Hospital.

Correlation between antibiotic resistance and incidence of sepsis in community acquired pneumonia in RICU patients.

Study Overview

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Conditions: Sepsis; Antibiotic Resistance; Community-acquired Pneumonia

Detailed Description

Adult community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of morbidity, often needing hospitalization, and an important cause of mortality, especially in severe cases with sepsis or requiring assisted ventilation[1]. Typical bacterial pathogens that cause CAP include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis[2].

Clinical diagnosis is based on a group of signs and symptoms related to lower respiratory tract infection with presence of fever >38ºC (>100ºF), cough, muco purulent sputum, pleuritic chest pain, dyspnoea, and new focal chest signs on examination such as crackles or bronchial breathing[3]. There are numerous tools such as the Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) and the CURB-65 (confusion, urea, respiratory rate, blood pressure and age ≥65) score to identify and evaluate indication of ICU admission [4].Sever CAP patients may develop signs and symptoms of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is an exaggerated defense response of the body to a noxious stressor (infection, trauma, surgery, acute inflammation, ischemia or reperfusion, or malignancy, to name a few) to localize and then eliminate the endogenous or exogenous source of the insult[8]. Criteria of SIRS heart rate greater than 90, respiratory rate greater than 20, temperature greater or equal to 38 ⁰ C or less than 36⁰ C, altered mental state and one of the following risk factors should be considered at risk of sepsis:Looks unwell, Age greater than 65 years, Recent surgery, Immunocompromised (AIDS, chemotherapy, neutropenia, transplant, chronic steroids), Chronic illness (diabetes, renal failure, hepatic failure, cancer, alcoholism, IV drug use )[8]Table [1] .When SIRS caused by infectious cause (Bacteria, Vairus, Fungi,…etc) and associated with multiorgan dysfunction is defined as sepsis.

Sepsis and septic shock are medical emergencies, and studies recommend that treatment and resuscitation begin immediately[8]. Sepsis is life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Septic shock is a life-threatening condition that happens when blood pressure drops to a dangerously low level after an infection[9]. Septic shock is defined by persisting hypotension requiring vasopressors to maintain a mean arterial pressure of 65 mm Hg or higher and a serum lactate level greater than 2 mmol/L (18 mg/dL) despite adequate volume resuscitation.

Recent studies suggests that there is a relationship between antibiotic resistance and the incidence of sepsis in community-acquired bacterial pneumonia and considered it one of the most significant health complications that can result from antimicrobial resistance.As more germs become resistant to antimicrobial medicines used to treat infection, more people are at risk for developing sepsis.

According to WHO, widespread use and abuse of antibiotics have led to the rapid emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance globally, and empirical management of CAP is rendered difficult (for a choice of drug, as most drugs are ineffective) by this phenomenon[5]. Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites change over time and no longer respond to medic medicines making infections harder to treat and increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness and death[6]. Four major AMR risk factor domains were identified: (1) sociodemographic factors (includes migrant status, low income and urban residence), (2) patient clinical information (includes disease status and certain laboratory results), (3) admission to healthcare settings (includes length of hospitalisation and performance of invasive procedures) and (4) drug exposure (includes current or prior antibiotic therapy)[7].

So , The primary end point of this study is assessment the correlation between drug resistance and incidence of sepsis and the secondry end point is improving mortality and morbidity of patients with sever CAP in ICU.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 48

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Aya Abdelrhman Kotb; Phone Number: 01069555261; Email: ayaabdelrhman409@gmail.com
• Study Contact Backup: Name: Atef Farouk El-karn; Phone Number: 01006474200; Email: Afaroukeg@yahoo.com

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Patients admitted to RICU with sever community acquired pneumonia.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

- 1. Patients above 18 yrs. old. 2. Patients with sever community acquired bacterial pneumonia confirmed by clinical symptoms (CURB-65 scores >= 4) and culture.

3.Informed consent to participate in the study is provided.

Exclusion Criteria:

- 1. Patients below 18 yrs. old. 2. Patient don't meet the criteria of community acquired bacterial pneumonia (viral, fungal, chemical,…etc.).

3. Patients with comorbid respiratory diseases. 4. Patients with Hospital acquired pneumonia. 5. Patients receiving empirical antibiotics. 6. Patients receiving anti-TB drugs, systemic steroids or chemotherapy

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Observational Models: Cohort
• Time Perspectives: Prospective

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
1.Define antibiotic resistant organisms 2.Assess correlation between antibiotic resistance and incidence of sepsis in CAP patiants 3. Assess incidence of sepsis in CAP patiants using SOFA score.	October 2022/ April 2024

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
1.Decrease MDR phenomenon 2.improving mortality and morbidity of patients with sever CAP in ICU.	October 2022/April 2024

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Assiut University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Anticipated): December 1, 2022
• Primary Completion (Anticipated): October 1, 2023
• Study Completion (Anticipated): April 1, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 22, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 3, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): November 7, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): November 7, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 3, 2022
• Last Verified: November 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Infections; Respiratory Tract Infections; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Lung Diseases; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome; Inflammation; Sepsis; Toxemia; Pneumonia
• Other Study ID Numbers: Community Acquired pneumonia

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No