Xuan Yin Ning Plus Bevacizumab for Malignant Pleural Effusion (XYN-Bev MPE)

June 24, 2026 updated by: Zhang Ming, Shanghai Chest Hospital

A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Study of Xuan Yin Ning Formula Combined With Intrapleural Injection of Bevacizumab for the Treatment of Malignant Pleural Effusion.

The goal of this clinical trial is to determine whether the Xuanyin Ning Formula combined with intrapleural injection of bevacizumab via chest tube drainage is effective in treating malignant pleural effusion. It will also evaluate the safety of this combination therapy. The main questions it aims to answer include:

Does the Xuanyin Ning Formula combined with intrapleural injection of bevacizumab via chest tube drainage improve the objective response rate (ORR) of pleural effusion in patients with malignant pleural effusion? Does this combination therapy affect the duration of response (DoR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), degree of dyspnea, quality of life, and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) pattern/syndrome evaluation in patients with malignant pleural effusion?

Participants will:

Receive intrapleural injection of bevacizumab via chest tube drainage, and take either Xuanyin Ning Formula or placebo granules daily for 8 weeks.

Undergo ultrasound assessment of pleural effusion at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the first intrapleural injection during closed chest drainage, followed by ultrasound assessments every 3 months (±7 days) until pleural effusion progression.

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

308

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Locations

  • China
    • Hebei
      • Wuhan, Hebei, China, 430022
        • Wuhan First Hospital
        • Contact:
    • Henan
      • Xinxiang, Henan, China, 453100
        • The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University
        • Contact:
    • Shandong
      • Weifang, Shandong, China, 261041
        • Weifang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital 或 Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital
        • Contact:
    • Shanghai Municipality
      • Shanghai, Shanghai Municipality, China, 200030
        • Shanghai Chest Hospital
        • Contact:
      • Shanghai, Shanghai Municipality, China, 200437
        • Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
        • Contact:
      • Shanghai, Shanghai Municipality, China, 200032
        • Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
        • Contact:
      • Shanghai, Shanghai Municipality, China, 202157
        • Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Chongming Branch
        • Contact:

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Patients with advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer who have failed at least first-line systemic therapy;
  • Presence of unilateral pleural effusion confirmed as malignant by pathology or cytology, with at least moderate volume requiring drainage (moderate pleural effusion defined as: supine ultrasound examination showing pleural effusion ≥3 cm, or sitting ultrasound examination showing pleural effusion ≥4 cm,accompanied by clinical symptoms such as chest tightness and dyspnea);
  • Age 18-75 years;
  • ECOG performance status 0-2;
  • Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation classified as Xuanyin (suspension fluid) with fluid retention in the chest and hypochondrium;
  • Expected survival of at least 3 months;
  • Voluntarily signed informed consent before treatment;
  • No contraindications to chest tube placement for drainage;

  • Adequate major organ function, including:

    1. Complete blood count:

      White blood cell count ≥ 4.0×10⁹/L Absolute neutrophil count ≥ 1.5×10⁹/L Platelet count ≥ 100×10⁹/L Hemoglobin ≥ 90 g/L

    2. Blood biochemistry:

      Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5×ULN ALT ≤ 2.5×ULN, AST ≤ 2.5×ULN Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5×ULN, or creatinine clearance ≥ 50 mL/min (Cockcroft-Gault formula)

    3. Coagulation function:

      International normalized ratio (INR) ≤ 1.5×ULN Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) ≤ 1.5×ULN

    4. Blood glucose: within normal range, or diabetic patients under treatment with stable blood glucose control;
  • Female subjects of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test within 72 hours before starting study drug administration, and must use effective contraception (e.g., intrauterine device, contraceptive pills, or condoms) during the study period and for at least 3 months after the last dose. -Male subjects with a partner of childbearing potential must use effective contraception during the study period and for 3 months after the last dose;
  • Good subject compliance, able to follow up for efficacy and adverse events/reactions as required by the protocol.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • The location of pleural effusion is unsuitable for drainage, or the patient would not benefit from intrapleural drug administration (e.g., severe loculation/septation);
  • Other contraindications to indwelling chest tube placement;
  • Pleural effusion with active infection;
  • Prior history of ipsilateral chest tube drainage and intrapleural anti-tumor drug therapy or pleurodesis;
  • Prior history of empyema or chylothorax;
  • Participation in another clinical trial within 4 weeks before signing informed consent;
  • Known allergy to any component of the study drugs;
  • Severe bleeding tendency or active bleeding;
  • Uncontrolled severe hypertension;
  • Recent (within 3 months) thromboembolic events, such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, cerebral infarction, etc.;
  • Prior severe adverse reactions to intravenous bevacizumab, such as severe proteinuria, gastrointestinal perforation, hypertensive crisis, etc.;
  • Severe cardiac, hepatic, or renal insufficiency;
  • Pregnant or breastfeeding women;
  • Subjects with other active infectious diseases in the acute phase;
  • Any other factors that, in the investigator's judgment, may lead to premature termination of the study, such as other serious diseases (including psychiatric disorders) requiring concomitant treatment, alcoholism, drug abuse, family or social factors that may affect the subject's safety or compliance.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: experimental group
Other: Treatment with Xuanyin Ning Formula combined with intrapleural injection of bevacizumab via chest tube drainage
After chest tube drainage, bevacizumab 300 mg per dose, dissolved in 50 ml of normal saline, is injected intrapleurally. The injection may be repeated after 2 weeks depending on the control of pleural effusion. Xuanyin Ning is taken as 2 sachets per day, one sachet dissolved in water and taken orally in the morning and one in the evening. Each treatment cycle is 4 weeks, and at least 2 cycles are required.
Placebo Comparator: control group
Drug: Placebo granules plus chest tube drainage and intrapleural bevacizumab injection
After chest tube drainage, bevacizumab 300 mg per dose, dissolved in 50 ml of normal saline, is injected intrapleurally. The injection may be repeated after 2 weeks depending on the control of pleural effusion. Placebo granules are taken as 2 sachets per day, one sachet dissolved in water and taken orally in the morning and one in the evening. Each treatment cycle is 4 weeks, and at least 2 cycles are required.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Objective Response Rate of pleural effusion (ORR)
Time Frame: Before treatment and at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks after treatment
Before treatment and at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks after treatment

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Duration of Response (DoR)
Time Frame: At 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after treatment
At 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after treatment
Progression-Free Survival (PFS)
Time Frame: From date of treatment until the date of first documented progression or date of death from any cause, whichever came first, assessed up to 100 months
From date of treatment until the date of first documented progression or date of death from any cause, whichever came first, assessed up to 100 months
Overall Survival (OS)
Time Frame: From date of treatment until the date of death from any cause, assessed up to 100 months
From date of treatment until the date of death from any cause, assessed up to 100 months
Degree of dyspnea
Time Frame: At 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after treatment
At 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after treatment
ECOG score
Time Frame: At 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after treatment
The ECOG score is a widely used clinical tool for quantifying a cancer patient's general well-being and functional capacity in daily life. It is primarily employed in oncology trials, treatment planning, and prognosis assessment. The scale ranges from 0 to 5, with higher numbers indicating greater disability
At 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after treatment
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome evaluation
Time Frame: assessment was performed using the TCM Syndrome Scale at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after treatment

Quantification: The scale standardizes the evaluation of clinical symptoms, signs, and tongue/pulse findings, which are traditionally assessed through the four examinations (inspection, hearing/smelling, inquiry, and palpation).

Objectivity: It aims to improve the objectivity and standardization of TCM diagnosis and treatment evaluation.

Efficacy Evaluation: It is frequently used to calculate a "total effective rate" based on the reduction in syndrome scores after treatment.

Scoring: Symptoms are typically graded on a scale (e.g., 0 for normal, 2 for mild, 4 for moderate, 6 for severe), and the total score reflects the overall severity of the syndrome
assessment was performed using the TCM Syndrome Scale at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after treatment

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Shanghai Chest Hospital

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

June 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

September 1, 2028

Study Completion (Estimated)

September 1, 2028

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

June 4, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 24, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

June 26, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

June 26, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 24, 2026

Last Verified

June 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • ZDYN-2024-A-147

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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