Clinical Study of TJ0113 Capsule in the Treatment of Patients With Sarcopenia

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Voluntarily participate in the clinical study and sign the informed consent form (ICF), willing and able to comply with the study protocol (e.g., able to understand and complete questionnaires, adhere to visit schedules, and use study medication);
2. Male or female aged ≥60 years at the time of signing the ICF;

3. Meet the diagnostic criteria of the "Guideline for Diagnosis and Treatment of Sarcopenia in China (2024 Edition)", specifically as follows:

   3.1Low muscle mass: DXA measurement of muscle mass < 7.0 kg/m2 in males / < 5.4 kg/m2 in females, or BIA measurement of muscle mass < 7.0 kg/m2 in males / < 5.7 kg/m2 in females; 3.2Low muscle strength (grip strength < 28.0 kg in males, grip strength < 18.0 kg in females); and/or physical dysfunction (walking speed in free state < 1 m/s, or 5 Times Sit-to-Stand Test ≥ 12 s, or Short Physical Performance Battery score ≤ 9).

4. Able to complete the 400-meter Walk Test within 15 minutes without sitting down, leaning against a wall, requiring assistance from others, or using a walker or cane.
5. Participants of childbearing potential (including spouses of male participants) must have no plans for pregnancy or sperm donation from the screening period until 6 months after the last dose, and must be willing to use at least one effective contraceptive method (see Appendix 1) for contraception.
6. Results of comprehensive physical examination, vital signs, routine laboratory tests (hematology, blood biochemistry, urinalysis, coagulation), 12-lead ECG, chest X-ray, etc., are normal or, if abnormal, are judged by the investigator to be in the following condition: chronic diseases (e.g., hypertension, hyperlipidemia controlled within normal range, well-controlled non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, etc.) that are judged by the investigator to be stably controlled, with regular medication according to a defined regimen for 4 weeks before screening, and that do not affect the study observation parameters after enrollment; abnormal screening test items judged by the investigator to be related to the participant's age or the aforementioned chronic diseases.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Presence of any medical condition that may interfere with adequate participation in the study, including but not limited to: history of epilepsy or complications, hemolytic anemia, pulmonary embolism or history of malignancy;
2. Participants who have experienced a New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III or above congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, acute myocardial infarction, hemorrhagic stroke (stroke), and ischemic stroke (including transient ischemic attack) within 6 months before screening; or those who have undergone any percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting, heart valve repair/replacement; or those with severe arrhythmia as judged by the investigator at the time of screening;
3. Personal or family history of long QT syndrome, family history of sudden death before the age of 40 in first-degree relatives (parents, children, and siblings); and/or personal history of unexplained syncope within 1 year prior to screening; and/or based on resting ECG results at screening: QT interval corrected for heart rate using Fridericia's formula, QTcF > 450 ms (males), QTcF > 470 ms (females) [Fridericia's formula: QTc = QT/(RR0.33), where RR represents the standard heart rate value, calculated as 60 divided by heart rate];
4. Presence of uncontrolled hypertension at screening, defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 160 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 100 mmHg (confirmed before randomization);
5. Occurrence of chest pain, severe dyspnea, or other safety issues during baseline functional tests (e.g., 400-meter Walk Test);
6. Presence of clinically significant hepatic impairment, defined as total bilirubin (TBIL) > 2 × upper limit of normal (ULN) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and/or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) > 2 × ULN;
7. Presence of clinically significant renal impairment (creatinine clearance rate [Ccr] <30 mL/min). The formula for calculating Ccr is provided in Appendix II;
8. Suffering from underlying diseases that may cause malnutrition, including chronic diarrhea (defined as a significant increase in bowel movement frequency compared to usual habits [>3 times/day], lasting >4 weeks, or recurrent diarrhea with intervals of 2-4 weeks), Crohn's disease and other digestive system diseases, neuropsychiatric disorders such as anorexia nervosa, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (fasting blood glucose >8.3 mmol/L after treatment) and other metabolic diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale [MMRC] score ≥2), chronic heart failure (diagnosed according to the Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Failure, 2024, NYHA class III or above), and other chronic wasting diseases, which, in the investigator's judgment, make the patient unsuitable for participation in this study;
9. Use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (e.g., fluoxetine, paroxetine, trazodone, citalopram, escitalopram, etc.) within 4 weeks prior to screening;
10. Individuals with neuromuscular diseases (e.g., Parkinson's disease), or other muscle system disorders such as muscular atrophy or myositis that could affect the diagnostic parameters of sarcopenia;
11. Individuals with a cardiac pacemaker or stent implanted in the body, or with metal internal fixation devices, excluding dentures;
12. Individuals with physical disabilities or injuries/surgeries to the upper or lower limbs within the past 3 months that could affect grip strength or gait speed measurements;
13. Participants with a history of severe allergy, or known hypersensitivity/allergic reaction or intolerance to any component of the investigational product;
14. Use of medications affecting musculoskeletal metabolism (bisphosphonates, estrogens, calcitonin, teriparatide, long-term oral or injectable corticosteroids) within 7 days or 5 half-lives before screening, whichever is longer (Note: Participants receiving a stable dose of denosumab for ≥ 6 months before screening and who will not change the dose during the study are allowed to enroll);
15. Evidence of alcohol abuse (average weekly consumption of ≥ 14 units of alcohol, where 1 unit ≈ 360 mL of beer, or 45 mL of liquor, or 150 mL of wine) or alcohol dependence within 6 months before screening, which in the investigator's opinion would interfere with the participant's understanding or completion of the study;
16. History of drug dependence/drug abuse within the past 1 year;
17. Positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) with HBV-DNA ≥ 1000 copies/mL or 200 IU/mL, or positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody with HCV RNA ≥ the lower limit of detection of the study site, or positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody, or positive for Treponema pallidum antibody at screening;
18. Participation in a clinical study involving administration of an investigational drug, device, or surgery within 3 months or 5 half-lives (whichever is longer) before the first dose;
19. Inability to swallow oral medications, or, in the investigator's judgment, presence of any condition that could significantly affect drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion (e.g., active enteropathy, partial or complete intestinal obstruction, chronic diarrhea), or any condition that could pose a risk to the participant;
20. Participants who have a history of organ transplantation (excluding corneal transplantation);
21. Blood donation (including blood products) or blood loss ≥ 400 mL, or receipt of blood transfusion (including blood products) within 1 month before screening;
22. Pregnant or breastfeeding women;
23. Other reasons deemed by the investigator that the participant has poor compliance or is unsuitable for participation in this study.