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Acupoint TENS vs Resistance Training for Iron Deficiency Anemia

18. maj 2026 opdateret af: Dina Ebrahim Mohamed Aboshady, Cairo University

Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation Versus Resistance Exercise on Hemoglobin Level in Women With Iron Deficiency Anemia

The current study is designed to compare between the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation and resistance exercises on hemoglobin level in women with iron deficiency anemia.The design of this study will be a randomized controlled trial (RCT) pretest post-test assessment.Sixty women diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia will be recruited in this study from Kafrelshiekh University Hospital, Kafrelshiekh Governorate, Egypt. Their ages will be ranged from 20 to 30 years old, and they will be randomly divided into three equal (n= 20) groups. Change in hemoglobin concentration (g/dL) after the intervention period and changes in RBC count, MCV, MCH, RDW, serum ferritin, fatigue level, and functional exercise capacity after treatment will be measured.

Studieoversigt

Status

Rekruttering

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the most common nutritional disorders among women and is associated with fatigue, weakness, reduced physical performance, and impaired quality of life. Non-pharmacological interventions such as Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) applied on acupuncture points such as gall bladder 39 and spleen 6 and resistance exercise may help improve circulation, stimulate physiological responses, and support hemoglobin production.This study is randomized controlled trial (RCT) pretest post test assessment aimed to compare the effects of acupoint TENS and resistance exercise on hemoglobin levels in women with iron deficiency anemia.Sixty women diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia will be recruited in this study . Their ages will be ranged from 20 to 30 years old, and they will be randomly divided into three equal (n= 20) groups as following:

  1. Study group (A) includes 20 women who will receive acupuncture transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (Acu-TENS) in addition to routine medical treatment program.
  2. Study group (B) includes 20 women who will undergo resistance exercise training in addition to routine medical treatment program.
  3. Control group (C) includes 20 women who will receive routine medical treatment program only.

The treatment program will be applied once per day, three times per week for 12 consecutive weeks.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Anslået)

60

Fase

  • Fase 4

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiekontakt

Undersøgelse Kontakt Backup

Studiesteder

  • Egypten
      • Cairo, Egypten
        • Rekruttering
        • Kafrelsheikh University
        • Kontakt:

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Voksen

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ingen

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Sixty women diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia within ≤6 months.
  • Their hemoglobin concentrations ranging from 8.0 to 10.9 g/dL that classified as moderate anemia in accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria.
  • The iron deficiency anemia resulted from the heavy monthly bleeding of menstrual cycle as reported by the women.
  • Their age will be ranged from 20 and 30 years old.
  • Their BMI will be ranged from 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m².
  • They will have the same level of functional capacity assessed by 6-minute walking test.
  • They will be receiving the same medical treatment programme.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Other causes of anemia (e.g., hemolytic anemia, anemia of chronic disease, megaloblastic anemia, thalassemia, or sickle cell disease).
  • Severe anemia (hemoglobin < 8.0 g/dL)
  • History of chronic kidney disease, liver disease, or malignancy.
  • Current pregnancy or lactation, due to altered iron metabolism and hemoglobin thresholds.
  • Recent blood transfusion or iron therapy (oral or intravenous) within the past 3 months.
  • Use of hematopoietic agents (e.g., erythropoietin).
  • Acute infection or inflammatory conditions at the time of enrollment.
  • Inability or unwillingness to provide informed consent or comply with study procedures.
  • Previous participation in complementary treatments/research within the last six months.

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Behandling
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Ingen (Åben etiket)

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: Study group (A)
Study group (A) includes 20 women with iron deficiency anemia who will receive acupuncture transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (Acu-TENS) in addition to a routine medical treatment program.
Enhed: Acupuncture transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (Acu-TENS)
This technique will be applied to the study group (A) only as follow: In the Acu-TENS group, electrodes of the TENS device will be applied over bilateral gall bladder 39 (on the lateral aspect of the lower leg, 3 cun above the tip of the external malleolus, on the anterior border of the fibula) and spleen 6 (a width of four fingers above the medial malleolus on the posterior border of the tibia)
Medicin: Ferrous Sulfate
Oral iron supplementation using ferrous sulfate 325 mg (approximately 65 mg elemental iron) administered as a single morning dose, preferably on alternate days, to optimize iron absorption and minimize gastrointestinal side effects based on current clinical recommendations.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Iron-rich diet with vitamin C
Dietary intervention including increased intake of iron-rich foods (such as red meat and legumes) along with vitamin C-rich foods (such as citrus fruits) to enhance iron absorption.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Avoidance of iron absorption inhibitors
Participants are advised to avoid tea, coffee, calcium, and antacids within 2 hours of iron intake to optimize absorption.
Eksperimentel: Study group (B)
) Study group (B) includes 20 women with iron deficiency anemia who will undergo resistance exercise training in addition to routine medical treatment program.
Medicin: Ferrous Sulfate
Oral iron supplementation using ferrous sulfate 325 mg (approximately 65 mg elemental iron) administered as a single morning dose, preferably on alternate days, to optimize iron absorption and minimize gastrointestinal side effects based on current clinical recommendations.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Iron-rich diet with vitamin C
Dietary intervention including increased intake of iron-rich foods (such as red meat and legumes) along with vitamin C-rich foods (such as citrus fruits) to enhance iron absorption.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Avoidance of iron absorption inhibitors
Participants are advised to avoid tea, coffee, calcium, and antacids within 2 hours of iron intake to optimize absorption.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Resistance exercise training
Resistance exercise training: This type of exercise training will be applied to the study group (B) only as follow: Resistance exercise is commonly prescribed using the FITT principle (Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type).Multi-joint resistance exercises covering major muscle groups (legs, back, arms, core), by using free weights for legs and arms, body weight through (squats, lunges and pushups).
Aktiv komparator: Control group (C)
Control group (C) includes 20 women with iron deficiency anemia who will receive routine medical treatment program only.
Medicin: Ferrous Sulfate
Oral iron supplementation using ferrous sulfate 325 mg (approximately 65 mg elemental iron) administered as a single morning dose, preferably on alternate days, to optimize iron absorption and minimize gastrointestinal side effects based on current clinical recommendations.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Iron-rich diet with vitamin C
Dietary intervention including increased intake of iron-rich foods (such as red meat and legumes) along with vitamin C-rich foods (such as citrus fruits) to enhance iron absorption.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Avoidance of iron absorption inhibitors
Participants are advised to avoid tea, coffee, calcium, and antacids within 2 hours of iron intake to optimize absorption.

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Change in hemoglobin concentration
Tidsramme: 3 months
Change in hemoglobin concentration (g/dL) measured before and after the intervention period.
3 months

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Change in red blood cell (RBC) count
Tidsramme: Baseline to 3 months
Change in red blood cell (RBC) count measured before and after the 3-month intervention period.
Baseline to 3 months
Change in mean corpuscular volume (MCV)
Tidsramme: Baseline to 3 months
Change in mean corpuscular volume (MCV) measured before and after the 3-month intervention period.
Baseline to 3 months
Change in serum ferritin level
Tidsramme: Baseline to 3 months
Change in serum ferritin (ng/mL) measured before and after the 3-month intervention period.
Baseline to 3 months
Change in fatigue level
Tidsramme: Baseline to 3 months
Change in fatigue level assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). The FSS consists of 9 items, each scored from 1 to 7, with total scores calculated as the average of all items. Higher scores indicate greater fatigue severity.
Baseline to 3 months
Change in health-related quality of life
Tidsramme: Baseline to 3 months
Change in health-related quality of life assessed using the Short Form-36 (SF-36) Health Survey. The SF-36 includes 36 items covering 8 domains, with each domain scored from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate better health status and quality of life.
Baseline to 3 months
Change in cardiorespiratory fitness
Tidsramme: Baseline to 3 months
Change in cardiorespiratory fitness assessed using the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). The test measures the total distance walked in meters over 6 minutes, with higher distances indicating better functional exercise capacity and cardiorespiratory fitness.
Baseline to 3 months

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Cairo University

Samarbejdspartnere

Kafrelsheikh University

Efterforskere

  • Studieleder: Dina Ebrahim Mohamed Aboshady, BSc PT, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Kafrelsheikh University
  • Ledende efterforsker: Nagwa Mohamed Hamed Badr, PhD, Cairo University
  • Ledende efterforsker: Dina Ebrahim Mohamed Aboshady, BSc PT, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Kafrelsheikh University

Publikationer og nyttige links

Den person, der er ansvarlig for at indtaste oplysninger om undersøgelsen, leverer frivilligt disse publikationer. Disse kan handle om alt relateret til undersøgelsen.

Generelle publikationer

  • Divya Mary, S. M., & Priyadharshini, P. (2022). Impact of resistance exercise versus diet supplements on iron deficiency anemia in girls. International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 8(2), 1302-1310. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I02.006
  • Hegazy, M., Obaya, H., Mohamed, F., & Draz, R. (2024). Effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation versus aerobic exercise on iron deficiency anemic females. Bulletin of International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2(2), 28-34. https://doi.org/10.21608/BIJPT.2024.304165.1036

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

15. januar 2026

Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)

15. august 2026

Studieafslutning (Anslået)

15. oktober 2026

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

8. maj 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

18. maj 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

26. maj 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

26. maj 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

18. maj 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. maj 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • P.T.REC/012/006329

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