Enhancing Patient Experience in Geriatric Oncology

Approximately 60% of new cancer diagnoses and 70% of cancer-related deaths occur in adults aged 65 years and older, a population frequently affected by multimorbidity, frailty, sensory impairment, and treatment-related symptom burden. Outpatient oncology centers, although designed for efficient antineoplastic therapy delivery, are rarely adapted to the specific needs of older adults, and pragmatic, low-cost interventions to enhance patient experience and the clinical care journey remain scarce. The "comfort menu and cart," a non-pharmacological strategy initially developed for the emergency department, has shown promising effects on patient and staff experience, but has not been evaluated in the geriatric oncology setting.

Methods: This protocol describes a quasi-experimental, before-and-after, single-center study evaluating the implementation of a comfort menu and cart at the Oncology Center of Hospital Sírio-Libanês, a tertiary philanthropic hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. Patients aged 65 years and older receiving intravenous chemotherapy, supportive therapy, or evaluation of intercurrent symptoms during oncological treatment will be recruited over 12 months: six months pre-intervention and six months post-intervention, with 132 participants per phase and a total sample of 264 participants. All participants will undergo a comprehensive geriatric assessment, including G8, Charlson Comorbidity Index, Clinical Frailty Scale, Geriatric Depression Scale - 15-item version, Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, Barthel Index of Activities of Daily Living, Lawton-Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, 10-point Cognitive Screener, and EuroQol 5-Dimension questionnaire. This assessment will be complemented by oncology-specific patient-reported outcomes, including the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire - Information 25, and a structured adherence questionnaire. Caregiver anxiety, depression, and burden will be assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Zarit Burden Interview short version. The primary outcome will be patient experience, measured using Likert-scale instruments adapted from previously published comfort care and emergency department experience instruments. Secondary outcomes include staff experience, length of stay, satisfaction indicators, oncological treatment adherence, symptom control, patient understanding of disease-related information, functionality, need for re-evaluation, hospital admissions, and caregiver outcomes at 30 days.

Expected Results: The study is expected to demonstrate that a low-cost, non-pharmacological intervention can enhance the experience of older adults with cancer and multidisciplinary teams, with favorable effects on symptom control, information comprehension, treatment adherence, and 30-day clinical outcomes.