Evaluation of Alexithymia and Its Relationship With Clinical Parameters in Patients With Chronic Coccydynia
Evaluation of the Presence of Alexithymia and Its Relationship With Clinical Parameters in Patients With Chronic Coccydynia (>=3 Months)
Studieoversigt
Status
Betingelser
Detaljeret beskrivelse
Chronic coccydynia is a persistent pain condition localized to the coccygeal region, often exacerbated by sitting and significantly impairing daily activities, functionality, and health-related quality of life. While biomechanical and structural variables play a substantial role in its etiology, the pain can become chronic, making it difficult to explain solely through structural changes. Chronic pain is a complex phenomenon that interacts bidirectionally with cognitive-emotional processes and stress response systems. Within this framework, alexithymia-characterized by difficulty identifying and describing emotions-has been recognized as a psychological trait associated with higher pain intensity and functional interference in chronic pain populations.
The relationship between chronic pain, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and early adverse life events such as childhood trauma is also clinically critical, as these factors can amplify pain perception and restriction of activities. Despite these known associations in general chronic pain conditions, studies comprehensively evaluating alexithymia levels alongside pain duration, mood symptoms, childhood trauma history, and quality of life specifically within the coccydynia population remain limited. This gap in the literature underscores the importance of systematically examining the biopsychosocial components of chronic coccydynia to help optimize multidisciplinary treatment planning.
This prospective, observational cohort study aims to investigate the presence and levels of alexithymia in patients with chronic coccydynia (≥3 months) and to analyze its relationship with clinical and psychological variables. Patients presenting with tailbone pain will be evaluated at the multidisciplinary clinics. Following written informed consent, data collection will be completed in a single session utilizing a comprehensive battery of validated psychometric instruments. These include the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain intensity, the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the 33-item Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-33), and the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12). The findings are expected to contribute to the early identification of high-risk patient subgroups and strengthen the integration of supportive psychosocial interventions into future chronic pain management protocols.
Undersøgelsestype
Tilmelding (Anslået)
Kontakter og lokationer
Studiesteder
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Istanbul, Tyrkiet (Türkiye)
- Rekruttering
- Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital
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Kontakt:
- Osman Hakan Gunduz, Prof. MD
- Telefonnummer: 02166570606
- E-mail: ipek98uyanik@gmail.com
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Deltagelseskriterier
Berettigelseskriterier
Aldre berettiget til at studere
- Voksen
- Ældre voksen
Tager imod sunde frivillige
Prøveudtagningsmetode
Studiebefolkning
Beskrivelse
Inclusion Criteria:
Being older than 18 years of age
- Volunteering to participate in the study and providing written informed consent
- Being literate and having the mental capacity to comprehend the questionnaires
- Having no active, treated severe psychiatric disorder (such as schizophrenia or bipolar affective disorder)
Exclusion Criteria:
- - Cognitive impairment or communication barriers that compromise the capacity to consent
- Active psychotic disorder or manic episode
- Suspected self-harm or suicide risk during the clinical interview
- Distinct secondary causes of pain such as malignancy, active infection, or acute fracture
Studieplan
Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?
Design detaljer
Kohorter og interventioner
Gruppe / kohorte |
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Chronic Coccydynia Patients
Patients aged 18 and older who present to the algology outpatient clinic with a diagnosis of chronic coccydynia lasting for 3 months or longer.
Participants will undergo a single-time biopsychosocial assessment using validated psychometric scales including TAS-20, HADS, CTQ-33, VAS, and SF-12 during their routine evaluation.
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Hvad måler undersøgelsen?
Primære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
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Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) Score
Tidsramme: Baseline (Single-time assessment during the clinical interview)
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A 20-item self-report questionnaire used to evaluate the presence and severity of alexithymia.
It assesses three subscales: difficulty identifying feelings, difficulty describing feelings, and externally-oriented thinking.
Total scores range from 20 to 100, where higher scores indicate a higher level of alexithymia.
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Baseline (Single-time assessment during the clinical interview)
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Sekundære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
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Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for Pain
Tidsramme: Baseline (Single-time assessment)
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A 10-cm horizontal scale used to measure pain intensity.
Scores range from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain).
Participants indicate their current tailbone pain level on this line.
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Baseline (Single-time assessment)
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Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) Score
Tidsramme: Baseline (Single-time assessment)
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A 14-item self-report questionnaire consisting of two subscales: anxiety (7 items) and depression (7 items).
Each subscale is scored from 0 to 21, where higher scores reflect greater severity of anxiety or depression.
Cut-off scores are 10 for anxiety and 7 for depression.
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Baseline (Single-time assessment)
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Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-33) Score
Tidsramme: Baseline (Single-time assessment)
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A 33-item scale evaluating retrospective childhood and adolescent adverse experiences.
It assesses emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional neglect, physical neglect, and overprotection-control.
Total scores range from 25 to 150, with higher scores representing more severe childhood trauma.
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Baseline (Single-time assessment)
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Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) Score
Tidsramme: Baseline (Single-time assessment)
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A 12-item health-related quality of life survey consisting of 8 domains.
Total and component scores range from 0 to 100, where higher scores indicate better health-related quality of life.
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Baseline (Single-time assessment)
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Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere
Sponsor
Datoer for undersøgelser
Studer store datoer
Studiestart (Faktiske)
Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)
Studieafslutning (Anslået)
Datoer for studieregistrering
Først indsendt
Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier
Først opslået (Faktiske)
Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler
Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)
Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier
Sidst verificeret
Mere information
Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse
Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår
Andre undersøgelses-id-numre
- 09.2026.26-0189
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