Evaluation of Alexithymia and Its Relationship With Clinical Parameters in Patients With Chronic Coccydynia

Chronic coccydynia is a persistent pain condition localized to the coccygeal region, often exacerbated by sitting and significantly impairing daily activities, functionality, and health-related quality of life. While biomechanical and structural variables play a substantial role in its etiology, the pain can become chronic, making it difficult to explain solely through structural changes. Chronic pain is a complex phenomenon that interacts bidirectionally with cognitive-emotional processes and stress response systems. Within this framework, alexithymia-characterized by difficulty identifying and describing emotions-has been recognized as a psychological trait associated with higher pain intensity and functional interference in chronic pain populations.

The relationship between chronic pain, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and early adverse life events such as childhood trauma is also clinically critical, as these factors can amplify pain perception and restriction of activities. Despite these known associations in general chronic pain conditions, studies comprehensively evaluating alexithymia levels alongside pain duration, mood symptoms, childhood trauma history, and quality of life specifically within the coccydynia population remain limited. This gap in the literature underscores the importance of systematically examining the biopsychosocial components of chronic coccydynia to help optimize multidisciplinary treatment planning.

This prospective, observational cohort study aims to investigate the presence and levels of alexithymia in patients with chronic coccydynia (≥3 months) and to analyze its relationship with clinical and psychological variables. Patients presenting with tailbone pain will be evaluated at the multidisciplinary clinics. Following written informed consent, data collection will be completed in a single session utilizing a comprehensive battery of validated psychometric instruments. These include the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain intensity, the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the 33-item Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-33), and the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12). The findings are expected to contribute to the early identification of high-risk patient subgroups and strengthen the integration of supportive psychosocial interventions into future chronic pain management protocols.