Individualized Temporal Interference Stimulation for Reward Processing in Late-Life Depression
Neural Mechanisms Underlying the Modulation of Reward Processing by Individualized Temporal Interference Stimulation Targeting the Nucleus Accumbens in Late-Life Depression
This study aims to investigate the effects and neural mechanisms of individualized temporal interference stimulation (TI) targeting the left nucleus accumbens in older adults with depression. A total of 70 participants aged 60-80 years will be randomly assigned to receive active TI or sham stimulation. Clinical and cognitive assessments, a probabilistic reversal learning (PRL) task, MRI, and TMS-EEG will be used to evaluate changes in depressive symptoms, reward processing, and brain activity. Clinical and cognitive follow-up assessments will be conducted at 1 and 4 weeks after the intervention.
Tutkimuksen yleiskatsaus
Tila
Yksityiskohtainen kuvaus
This is a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled, parallel-group study involving 70 adults aged 60-80 years who meet DSM-5 criteria for a current episode of major depressive disorder and have at least moderate depressive symptoms.
Participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to an active TI group (n=35) or a sham stimulation group (n=35). Individualized TI will target the left nucleus accumbens, with stimulation administered for approximately 20 minutes per session, twice daily for five consecutive days (10 sessions in total).
Clinical and neuropsychological assessments will evaluate depressive symptoms, anxiety, anhedonia, sleep, and cognitive function. A probabilistic reversal learning (PRL) task will assess reward learning and cognitive flexibility. Structural MRI will support individualized stimulation planning, while resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) and TMS-EEG will be used to investigate changes in brain networks and neurophysiological activity.
Assessments will be conducted at baseline and after the intervention, with additional follow-ups at 1 and 4 weeks. The study will compare changes between groups and explore associations among clinical outcomes, reward processing, and neural measures.
Opintotyyppi
Ilmoittautuminen (Arvioitu)
Vaihe
- Ei sovellettavissa
Yhteystiedot ja paikat
Opiskeluyhteys
- Nimi: Dongmei Wang, Ph.D
- Puhelinnumero: +86 132 4190 1959
- Sähköposti: wangdm@psych.ac.cn
Opiskelupaikat
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Anhui
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Hefei, Anhui, Kiina, 230022
- Hefei Fourth People's Hospital
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Ottaa yhteyttä:
- Xiaoming Kong, M.D.
- Puhelinnumero: +86 13955118186
- Sähköposti: kxm186@163.com
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Ottaa yhteyttä:
- Xiangyang Zhang
- Sähköposti: zhangxy99@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
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Osallistumiskriteerit
Kelpoisuusvaatimukset
Opintokelpoiset iät
Hyväksyy terveitä vapaaehtoisia
Sukupuolet, jotka voivat opiskella
Kuvaus
Inclusion Criteria:
- Aged 60-80 years.
- Meet the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for a current episode of major depressive disorder (MDD).
- Have at least moderate depressive symptoms.
- Able to understand and comply with study procedures, provide written informed consent, and voluntarily participate in the study.
Exclusion Criteria:
- History of severe neurological disorders or epilepsy.
- Severe or unstable medical conditions.
- Contraindications to MRI, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), or transcranial electrical stimulation.
- Comorbid severe psychiatric disorders, such as bipolar disorder or schizophrenia.
- Significant cognitive impairment that interferes with informed consent or completion of study procedures.
- High suicide risk.
- Any other medical or safety condition that, in the investigator's judgment, makes participation inappropriate.
Opintosuunnitelma
Miten tutkimus on suunniteltu?
Suunnittelun yksityiskohdat
- Ensisijainen käyttötarkoitus: Hoito
- Jako: Satunnaistettu
- Inventiomalli: Rinnakkaistehtävä
- Naamiointi: Kaksinkertainen
Aseet ja interventiot
Osallistujaryhmä / Arm |
Interventio / Hoito |
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Kokeellinen: Active Temporal Interference Stimulation
Participants will receive individualized active temporal interference stimulation (TI) targeting the left nucleus accumbens, for 20 minutes per session, twice daily for five consecutive days (10 sessions in total). |
Individualized active temporal interference stimulation (TI) targeting the left nucleus accumbens, delivered for 20 minutes per session, twice daily for five consecutive days (10 sessions in total). |
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Huijausvertailija: Sham Temporal Interference Stimulation
Participants will receive sham temporal interference stimulation (TI) with similar electrode placement and procedures, following the same schedule as the active group (10 sessions over five days). |
Sham temporal interference stimulation (TI) with similar electrode placement and procedures, without sustained effective stimulation, following the same schedule as the active group (10 sessions over five days). |
Mitä tutkimuksessa mitataan?
Ensisijaiset tulostoimenpiteet
Tulosmittaus |
Toimenpiteen kuvaus |
Aikaikkuna |
|---|---|---|
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Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-24)
Aikaikkuna: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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The 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-24) assesses depressive symptom severity. Total scores range from 0 to 76, with higher scores indicating more severe depressive symptoms. |
Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS)
Aikaikkuna: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Anhedonia will be assessed using the 14-item Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS). Total scores range from 14 to 56, with higher scores indicating more severe anhedonia. Changes from baseline will be compared between groups. |
Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Probabilistic Reversal Learning (PRL) Task
Aikaikkuna: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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The PRL task assesses reward-based learning and cognitive flexibility. Participants learn from probabilistic feedback and adjust their choices when reward contingencies change. Task performance will be evaluated using behavioral measures of reward learning and reversal learning. |
Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Toissijaiset tulostoimenpiteet
Tulosmittaus |
Toimenpiteen kuvaus |
Aikaikkuna |
|---|---|---|
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Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA)
Aikaikkuna: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Anxiety severity will be assessed using the 14-item HAMA. Total scores range from 0 to 56, with higher scores indicating more severe anxiety. |
Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)
Aikaikkuna: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) assesses sleep quality and disturbances. The global score, calculated from seven components, ranges from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating poorer sleep quality. |
Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
Aikaikkuna: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Global cognitive function will be assessed using the MMSE. Total scores range from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating better cognitive function. |
Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) Performance
Aikaikkuna: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Verbal learning and memory will be evaluated using the numbers of correctly recalled words during immediate recall, delayed recall, category-cued recall, and recognition testing. |
Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Verbal Fluency Test (VF) Performance
Aikaikkuna: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Verbal fluency will be assessed using the numbers of valid responses generated during animal naming, phonemic word generation, and action fluency tasks, each lasting one minute. |
Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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3D Confusion Assessment Method (3D-CAM)
Aikaikkuna: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Delirium will be assessed using the 3-Minute Diagnostic Interview for CAM-Defined Delirium (3D-CAM). The outcome will be recorded as the presence or absence of delirium. |
Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Clock Drawing Test (CDT)
Aikaikkuna: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Visuospatial and executive functioning will be assessed using a four-point Clock Drawing Test. Scores range from 0 to 4, with higher scores indicating better performance. |
Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Digit Span Test (DST) Performance
Aikaikkuna: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Attention and working memory will be assessed using forward and backward digit span, including maximum correctly recalled span length and the number of correct sequences. |
Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Trail Making Test (TMT)
Aikaikkuna: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Processing speed, attention, and executive functioning will be evaluated using completion time in seconds across the four TMT conditions in the study protocol. Errors will also be recorded. |
Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI)
Aikaikkuna: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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The 12-domain Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) assesses neuropsychiatric symptoms. The total score is calculated by summing frequency × severity scores across 12 domains and ranges from 0 to 144, with higher scores indicating more severe symptoms. |
Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Activities of Daily Living (ADL)
Aikaikkuna: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Daily functioning will be assessed using the 20-item ADL scale. Scores range from 20 to 80, with higher scores indicating greater functional impairment. |
Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
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Resting-State fMRI Brain Network Measures
Aikaikkuna: Baseline, immediately after the intervention
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Resting-state fMRI will be used to evaluate changes in nucleus accumbens-related functional connectivity and brain network characteristics following the intervention. |
Baseline, immediately after the intervention
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TMS-Evoked Global Mean Field Amplitude (GMFA)
Aikaikkuna: Baseline, immediately after the intervention
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Global mean field amplitude (GMFA) will be calculated from TMS-evoked EEG recordings to quantify the overall cortical response to stimulation. Changes in GMFA amplitude will be assessed. |
Baseline, immediately after the intervention
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TMS-EEG Time-Frequency Power
Aikaikkuna: Baseline, immediately after the intervention
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Time-frequency analysis of TMS-EEG recordings will be used to assess changes in oscillatory power across frequency bands following stimulation. |
Baseline, immediately after the intervention
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TMS-EEG Functional Connectivity
Aikaikkuna: Baseline, immediately after the intervention
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Functional connectivity will be assessed using TMS-EEG recordings to evaluate changes in the synchronization and interaction of cortical brain regions. |
Baseline, immediately after the intervention
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TMS-EEG Source-Localized Cortical Activity
Aikaikkuna: Baseline, immediately after the intervention
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EEG source reconstruction will be used to estimate changes in TMS-evoked cortical activity at the source level. |
Baseline, immediately after the intervention
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TMS-Evoked Potential (TEP) Amplitude
Aikaikkuna: Baseline, immediately after the intervention
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TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs) will be analyzed to assess changes in cortical responses, including the amplitude of TMS-evoked EEG components. |
Baseline, immediately after the intervention
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Yhteistyökumppanit ja tutkijat
Sponsori
Tutkijat
- Päätutkija: Xiangyang Zhang, Ph.D, Tsinghua University
Opintojen ennätyspäivät
Opi tärkeimmät päivämäärät
Opiskelun aloitus (Arvioitu)
Ensisijainen valmistuminen (Arvioitu)
Opintojen valmistuminen (Arvioitu)
Opintoihin ilmoittautumispäivät
Ensimmäinen lähetetty
Ensimmäinen toimitettu, joka täytti QC-kriteerit
Ensimmäinen Lähetetty (Todellinen)
Tutkimustietojen päivitykset
Viimeisin päivitys julkaistu (Todellinen)
Viimeisin lähetetty päivitys, joka täytti QC-kriteerit
Viimeksi vahvistettu
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Yksittäisten osallistujien tietojen suunnitelma (IPD)
Aiotko jakaa yksittäisten osallistujien tietoja (IPD)?
IPD-suunnitelman kuvaus
The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to ethical restrictions (as they contain information that could compromise participant privacy), but will be available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request after completion of the study and approval by the ethics committee.
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