Gun Locks in Firearm Suicide Intervention
6 avril 2022 mis à jour par: Florida State University
The Provision of Gun Locks in Lethal Means Counseling to Increase Firearm Safety in a Suicide Risk Sample
This study compares the effectiveness of two interventions for suicide over the course of a month.
The experimental intervention includes the provision of a gun lock with video instructions, in addition to standard suicide risk interventions (i.e., standardized full suicide risk assessment, safety planning, and lethal means counseling).
The comparison intervention group will receive the same standard suicide risk interventions without the gun lock and video.
The targeted outcome will be level of engagement in gun safety behaviors (e.g., using a gun lock, using a gun safe, considering getting rid of guns).
It is predicted that the experimental intervention will result in greater increases over time in engagement in gun safety behaviors, as compared to the comparison intervention.
Aperçu de l'étude
Statut
Complété
Les conditions
Description détaillée
Purpose: While psychology research and the suicide literature have not provided this evidence in a manner relevant to lethal means counseling, research across various disciplines has clearly demonstrated that providing individuals with gun locks and knowledgeable information about their proper use will significantly increase the likelihood that individuals will engage in firearm safety behaviors. The present study seeks to examine if the provision of gun locks, in addition to the current best standard interventions for suicide risk according to research, will significantly increase engagement in these behavioral outcomes.
Research Design/Method: The present study will utilize an experimental design with two groups, an experimental intervention group and a comparison intervention group. The experimental intervention group will receive the highest standard interventions (i.e., standardized full suicide risk assessment, safety planning, and lethal means counseling) in addition to a gun lock and instructional video. The comparison intervention group will receive the highest standard interventions, but will not be provided gun locks until after the study is complete.
The gun locks will be 15-inch cable locks. Locks will be mailed via USPS in envelopes upon completion of screener, if eligible for the study, but before they are scheduled to complete the first portion of the study. this will be arranged by making scheduling calls for initial sessions the day of/day after (depending on time) screeners are completed, scheduling initial sessions at least a week and a half after scheduling calls, and mailing the locks the day of scheduling calls.
Gun locks will be mailed to participants in the experimental intervention group. Data will be collected over three sessions. The first will be when baseline measures (e.g., demographics, outcomes) will be administered online, the intervention will be provided for all individuals by phone and online(only for the video instructions for lock), and post-intervention measures of outcome variables will assessed online. The 2-week follow-up interval and the 1-month interval will involve only assessment of the outcomes online. Participants in comparison intervention group will be provided gun locks after participation in the study is complete.
Research Question: Will the experimental intervention group outperform the comparison intervention group, regarding effectiveness in increasing engagement in firearm safety behaviors?
Hypothesis: The intervention for the experimental intervention group will be significantly more effective at increasing engagement in firearm safety behavior than that which will be provided for the comparison intervention group.
Data Analysis: Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance (RM-ANOVA) will be conducted, with a focus on measuring the interaction effects of Group and Time to assess whether experimental intervention group was significantly more effective than the comparison intervention group.
Type d'étude
Interventionnel
Inscription (Réel)
30
Phase
- N'est pas applicable
Contacts et emplacements
Cette section fournit les coordonnées de ceux qui mènent l'étude et des informations sur le lieu où cette étude est menée.
Lieux d'étude
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Florida
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Tallahassee, Florida, États-Unis, 32306
- Florida State University
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Critères de participation
Les chercheurs recherchent des personnes qui correspondent à une certaine description, appelée critères d'éligibilité. Certains exemples de ces critères sont l'état de santé général d'une personne ou des traitements antérieurs.
Critère d'éligibilité
Âges éligibles pour étudier
18 ans et plus (Adulte, Adulte plus âgé)
Accepte les volontaires sains
Oui
Sexes éligibles pour l'étude
Tout
La description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Must own and have access to a firearm
- Must have at least one lifetime episode of suicide ideation
- Must be 18 years of age or older
Exclusion Criteria:
- May not be under 18 years of age
Plan d'étude
Cette section fournit des détails sur le plan d'étude, y compris la façon dont l'étude est conçue et ce que l'étude mesure.
Comment l'étude est-elle conçue ?
Détails de conception
- Objectif principal: La prévention
- Répartition: Randomisé
- Modèle interventionnel: Affectation parallèle
- Masquage: Aucun (étiquette ouverte)
Armes et Interventions
Groupe de participants / Bras |
Intervention / Traitement |
|---|---|
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Expérimental: Gun lock
Participants will be provided a gun lock and video instructions for its proper use, in addition to standard suicide risk interventions (i.e., standardized full suicide risk assessment, safety planning, lethal means counseling).
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A cable-style gun lock that can be applied to a wide variety of guns for safe storage.
The application of this device to most firearms renders them impossible to use properly while the device is in place and locked.
Thorough suicide risk assessment according to guidelines established by research (Joiner et al., 1999; Chu et al., 2015).
This is used to determine the severity of suicide risk and appropriate actions to be taken.
A psychological intervention for suicide risk that is based on research (Chu et al., 2015; Stanley & Brown, 2012).
This involves listing the following on an index card: activities individuals can use to feel better during a crisis, contact numbers that are important to the individuals, emergency options that are always accessible, and reasons for living.
Although the individualized nature of safety plans does not allow for a scripted/uniform approach, for this study they will all include 8 steps and steps 5-8 (emergency options) will be the same for each individual.
A psychological intervention for suicide risk that is based on research (Bryan et al., 2011; Chu et al., 2015; Rudd, 2006; Stanley, 2018).
This involves a psychological clinician discussing, with an at-risk individual, the importance for increasing the distance/obstacles between the individual at risk for suicide and specific types of lethal means.
In the present study, the lethal means targeted was firearms and the lethal means counseling approach was able to be standardized/scripted as has been done in previous research (see Stanley, 2018).
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Comparateur actif: Standard intervention
Participants will be provided standard suicide risk interventions (i.e., standardized full suicide risk assessment, safety planning, lethal means counseling) without a gun lock.
A gun lock and video instructions will be provided upon completion of the study.
|
Thorough suicide risk assessment according to guidelines established by research (Joiner et al., 1999; Chu et al., 2015).
This is used to determine the severity of suicide risk and appropriate actions to be taken.
A psychological intervention for suicide risk that is based on research (Chu et al., 2015; Stanley & Brown, 2012).
This involves listing the following on an index card: activities individuals can use to feel better during a crisis, contact numbers that are important to the individuals, emergency options that are always accessible, and reasons for living.
Although the individualized nature of safety plans does not allow for a scripted/uniform approach, for this study they will all include 8 steps and steps 5-8 (emergency options) will be the same for each individual.
A psychological intervention for suicide risk that is based on research (Bryan et al., 2011; Chu et al., 2015; Rudd, 2006; Stanley, 2018).
This involves a psychological clinician discussing, with an at-risk individual, the importance for increasing the distance/obstacles between the individual at risk for suicide and specific types of lethal means.
In the present study, the lethal means targeted was firearms and the lethal means counseling approach was able to be standardized/scripted as has been done in previous research (see Stanley, 2018).
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Que mesure l'étude ?
Principaux critères de jugement
Mesure des résultats |
Description de la mesure |
Délai |
|---|---|---|
|
Engagement in Firearm Safety Behaviors
Délai: Immediately prior to intervention
|
This includes a variety of actions and thinking patterns that promote safety regarding firearms.
This is measured by a self-report instrument (Engagement in Firearm Safety Behaviors; Stanley, 2018), which contains 34 items.
The items are scored on a Likert scale (i.e., 0 = Never; 1 = Sometimes, 2 = Often, 3 = Always) to gauge frequency of engagement.
16 items represent behaviors (e.g., "using a gun lock," "trading in your guns") and 18 represent thoughts (e.g., "thought about obtaining a gun lock," "thought about storing your gun unloaded.")
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Immediately prior to intervention
|
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Engagement in Firearm Safety Behaviors
Délai: Two weeks after intervention
|
This includes a variety of actions and thinking patterns that promote safety regarding firearms.
This is measured by a self-report instrument (Engagement in Firearm Safety Behaviors; Stanley, 2018), which contains 34 items.
The items are scored on a Likert scale (i.e., 0 = Never; 1 = Sometimes, 2 = Often, 3 = Always) to gauge frequency of engagement.
16 items represent behaviors (e.g., "using a gun lock," "trading in your guns") and 18 represent thoughts (e.g., "thought about obtaining a gun lock," "thought about storing your gun unloaded.")
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Two weeks after intervention
|
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Engagement in Firearm Safety Behaviors
Délai: One month after intervention
|
This includes a variety of actions and thinking patterns that promote safety regarding firearms.
This is measured by a self-report instrument (Engagement in Firearm Safety Behaviors; Stanley, 2018), which contains 34 items.
The items are scored on a Likert scale (i.e., 0 = Never; 1 = Sometimes, 2 = Often, 3 = Always) to gauge frequency of engagement.
16 items represent behaviors (e.g., "using a gun lock," "trading in your guns") and 18 represent thoughts (e.g., "thought about obtaining a gun lock," "thought about storing your gun unloaded.")
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One month after intervention
|
Mesures de résultats secondaires
Mesure des résultats |
Description de la mesure |
Délai |
|---|---|---|
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Intentions to Adhere to Clinician Recommendations
Délai: Immediately prior to Intervention
|
A structured self-report questionnaire utilized in previous research (Stanley et al., 2017; Stanley, 2018) will be used in the present study to assess participants' intentions to adhere to clinician recommendations to limit access to a firearm for safety purposes.
The two items will be rated on a 10-point Likert type scale (1 = Not At All Likely; 10 = Very Likely) and they will read as follows: 1) "How likely would you be to adhere to your clinician's recommendations to limit your access to a firearm for safety purposes?";
and 2) "How likely would you be to encourage a loved one to adhere to your clinician's recommendations to limit their access to a firearm for safety purposes?"
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Immediately prior to Intervention
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Intentions to Adhere to Clinician Recommendations
Délai: Immediately after intervention
|
A structured self-report questionnaire utilized in previous research (Stanley et al., 2017; Stanley, 2018) will be used in the present study to assess participants' intentions to adhere to clinician recommendations to limit access to a firearm for safety purposes.
The two items will be rated on a 10-point Likert type scale (1 = Not At All Likely; 10 = Very Likely) and they will read as follows: 1) "How likely would you be to adhere to your clinician's recommendations to limit your access to a firearm for safety purposes?";
and 2) "How likely would you be to encourage a loved one to adhere to your clinician's recommendations to limit their access to a firearm for safety purposes?"
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Immediately after intervention
|
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Intentions to Adhere to Clinician Recommendations
Délai: Two weeks after intervention
|
A structured self-report questionnaire utilized in previous research (Stanley et al., 2017; Stanley, 2018) will be used in the present study to assess participants' intentions to adhere to clinician recommendations to limit access to a firearm for safety purposes.
The two items will be rated on a 10-point Likert type scale (1 = Not At All Likely; 10 = Very Likely) and they will read as follows: 1) "How likely would you be to adhere to your clinician's recommendations to limit your access to a firearm for safety purposes?";
and 2) "How likely would you be to encourage a loved one to adhere to your clinician's recommendations to limit their access to a firearm for safety purposes?"
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Two weeks after intervention
|
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Intentions to Adhere to Clinician Recommendations
Délai: One month after intervention
|
A structured self-report questionnaire utilized in previous research (Stanley et al., 2017; Stanley, 2018) will be used in the present study to assess participants' intentions to adhere to clinician recommendations to limit access to a firearm for safety purposes.
The two items will be rated on a 10-point Likert type scale (1 = Not At All Likely; 10 = Very Likely) and they will read as follows: 1) "How likely would you be to adhere to your clinician's recommendations to limit your access to a firearm for safety purposes?";
and 2) "How likely would you be to encourage a loved one to adhere to your clinician's recommendations to limit their access to a firearm for safety purposes?"
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One month after intervention
|
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Acceptability of Intervention
Délai: Immediately prior to intervention
|
The acceptability of the intervention will be measured utilizing the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire-8 (CSQ-8).
The CSQ-8 is an 8-item instrument assessing the degree to which individuals find services to be acceptable (Attkisson & Zwick, 1982; Larsen et al., 1979).
Items are rated in Likert type scales ranging from 1 to 4 (e.g., 1 = Quite dissatisfied, 2 = indifferent or mildly dissatisfied, 3 = Mostly satisfied, 4 = Very satisfied).
The measure utilizes a summed score (range: 8-32), with higher values being indicative of higher levels of acceptability for the services received by respondents.
Items cover a broad array of acceptability standards (e.g., "How satisfied are you with the amount of help you received?",
"Have the services you received helped you to deal more effectively with your problems?").
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Immediately prior to intervention
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Acceptability of Intervention
Délai: Immediately after intervention
|
The acceptability of the intervention will be measured utilizing the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire-8 (CSQ-8).
The CSQ-8 is an 8-item instrument assessing the degree to which individuals find services to be acceptable (Attkisson & Zwick, 1982; Larsen et al., 1979).
Items are rated in Likert type scales ranging from 1 to 4 (e.g., 1 = Quite dissatisfied, 2 = indifferent or mildly dissatisfied, 3 = Mostly satisfied, 4 = Very satisfied).
The measure utilizes a summed score (range: 8-32), with higher values being indicative of higher levels of acceptability for the services received by respondents.
Items cover a broad array of acceptability standards (e.g., "How satisfied are you with the amount of help you received?",
"Have the services you received helped you to deal more effectively with your problems?").
|
Immediately after intervention
|
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Acceptability of Intervention
Délai: Two weeks after intervention
|
The acceptability of the intervention will be measured utilizing the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire-8 (CSQ-8).
The CSQ-8 is an 8-item instrument assessing the degree to which individuals find services to be acceptable (Attkisson & Zwick, 1982; Larsen et al., 1979).
Items are rated in Likert type scales ranging from 1 to 4 (e.g., 1 = Quite dissatisfied, 2 = indifferent or mildly dissatisfied, 3 = Mostly satisfied, 4 = Very satisfied).
The measure utilizes a summed score (range: 8-32), with higher values being indicative of higher levels of acceptability for the services received by respondents.
Items cover a broad array of acceptability standards (e.g., "How satisfied are you with the amount of help you received?",
"Have the services you received helped you to deal more effectively with your problems?").
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Two weeks after intervention
|
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Acceptability of Intervention
Délai: One month after intervention
|
The acceptability of the intervention will be measured utilizing the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire-8 (CSQ-8).
The CSQ-8 is an 8-item instrument assessing the degree to which individuals find services to be acceptable (Attkisson & Zwick, 1982; Larsen et al., 1979).
Items are rated in Likert type scales ranging from 1 to 4 (e.g., 1 = Quite dissatisfied, 2 = indifferent or mildly dissatisfied, 3 = Mostly satisfied, 4 = Very satisfied).
The measure utilizes a summed score (range: 8-32), with higher values being indicative of higher levels of acceptability for the services received by respondents.
Items cover a broad array of acceptability standards (e.g., "How satisfied are you with the amount of help you received?",
"Have the services you received helped you to deal more effectively with your problems?").
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One month after intervention
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Collaborateurs et enquêteurs
C'est ici que vous trouverez les personnes et les organisations impliquées dans cette étude.
Parrainer
Les enquêteurs
- Directeur d'études: Thomas E Joiner, PhD, Robert O. Lawton Distinguished Professor
- Chercheur principal: Bruno Chiurliza, MS, graduate student
Dates d'enregistrement des études
Ces dates suivent la progression des dossiers d'étude et des soumissions de résultats sommaires à ClinicalTrials.gov. Les dossiers d'étude et les résultats rapportés sont examinés par la Bibliothèque nationale de médecine (NLM) pour s'assurer qu'ils répondent à des normes de contrôle de qualité spécifiques avant d'être publiés sur le site Web public.
Dates principales de l'étude
Début de l'étude (Réel)
1 novembre 2019
Achèvement primaire (Réel)
2 avril 2022
Achèvement de l'étude (Réel)
2 avril 2022
Dates d'inscription aux études
Première soumission
4 février 2019
Première soumission répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
7 février 2019
Première publication (Réel)
8 février 2019
Mises à jour des dossiers d'étude
Dernière mise à jour publiée (Réel)
8 avril 2022
Dernière mise à jour soumise répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
6 avril 2022
Dernière vérification
1 avril 2022
Plus d'information
Termes liés à cette étude
Termes MeSH pertinents supplémentaires
Autres numéros d'identification d'étude
- HSC#: 2018.26057
Informations sur les médicaments et les dispositifs, documents d'étude
Étudie un produit pharmaceutique réglementé par la FDA américaine
Non
Étudie un produit d'appareil réglementé par la FDA américaine
Non
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