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Stair Biomechanics and Vibration Study After ACLR

2 novembre 2026 mis à jour par: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Lower Extremity Biomechanics During Gait and Stair Negotiation and Effects of Vibratory Stimuli Following ACL Reconstruction

This study examines how people who have had anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) move their legs during walking and stair negotiation, and whether a single session of vibration changes how they ascend and descend stairs.

Participants with ACLR (1 to 3 years after surgery) complete three laboratory visits. At the first visit, they complete walking, stair negotiation, muscle strength, hopping tests, and questionnaires, and stair negotiation is measured before and after a control condition without vibration. At the second and third visits, they receive whole-body vibration (standing on a vibrating platform) or local muscle vibration (a device placed over the thigh muscle) in a counterbalanced order, and stair negotiation is measured before and after each vibration session. Healthy participants matched by sex, age, and activity level complete one visit with the same tests as the first ACLR visit, for comparison.

Aperçu de l'étude

Statut

Pas encore de recrutement

Les conditions

Intervention / Traitement

Description détaillée

Individuals with ACLR commonly show altered lower extremity biomechanics and quadriceps dysfunction that may contribute to the development of knee osteoarthritis. Stair negotiation places greater demands on the knee than level walking, yet findings on stair biomechanics after ACLR are inconsistent. Whole-body vibration (WBV) and local muscle vibration (LMV) acutely improve quadriceps function and gait biomechanics after ACLR, but their effects on stair biomechanics are unknown.

Aims: 1. to compare lower extremity biomechanics during gait, stair ascent, and stair descent between individuals 1 to 3 years after ACLR and matched healthy controls; 2. to determine inter-limb differences in biomechanics during gait and stair negotiation within individuals with ACLR; 3. to evaluate the acute effects of WBV and LMV on stair ascent and descent biomechanics in individuals with ACLR compared with a control condition.

Design: a case-control comparison nested within a single-blind, repeated-measures crossover design. ACLR participants complete three visits separated by at least 48 hours. Visit 1 is a baseline session with stair biomechanics assessed before and after a control condition (no vibration), plus gait biomechanics, isometric quadriceps and hamstring strength, single-leg and triple hop tests, and patient-reported outcomes. At visits 2 and 3, participants receive WBV and LMV in counterbalanced order, with stair biomechanics assessed immediately before and after the intervention. For all conditions, participants hold a squatted position (approximately 60 degrees of knee flexion) for 1 minute, repeated 6 times with 2 minutes of rest. WBV is delivered via a vibrating platform (30 Hz, 2 g). The control condition uses the same posture and timing without vibration. Healthy controls complete one visit identical to ACLR visit 1.

Biomechanics are collected with 3D motion capture synchronized with force plates under the second and third steps of an instrumented staircase. The data collector and outcome assessor are blinded to the vibration condition, which is administered by a separate research assistant.

Type d'étude

Interventionnel

Inscription (Estimé)

52

Phase

  • N'est pas applicable

Contacts et emplacements

Cette section fournit les coordonnées de ceux qui mènent l'étude et des informations sur le lieu où cette étude est menée.

Coordonnées de l'étude

  • Nom: Sansung Hwang, MS
  • Numéro de téléphone: 984-291-4830
  • E-mail: sansungh@unc.edu

Sauvegarde des contacts de l'étude

Lieux d'étude

  • États-Unis
    • North Carolina
      • Chapel Hill, North Carolina, États-Unis, 27599
        • Motion Analysis Laboratory, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
        • Contact:
          • Sansung Hwang, MS
          • Numéro de téléphone: 984-291-4830
          • E-mail: sansungh@unc.edu
        • Contact:

Critères de participation

Les chercheurs recherchent des personnes qui correspondent à une certaine description, appelée critères d'éligibilité. Certains exemples de ces critères sont l'état de santé général d'une personne ou des traitements antérieurs.

Critère d'éligibilité

Âges éligibles pour étudier

18 ans à 39 ans (Adulte)

Accepte les volontaires sains

Oui

Sexes éligibles pour l'étude

Tout

La description

Inclusion Criteria (all participants):

  • Age 18 to 39 years
  • Able to read, understand, and communicate in English sufficiently to provide informed consent and follow instructions

Inclusion Criteria (ACLR group):

  • Primary, unilateral ACL reconstruction with patellar tendon autograft
  • 1 to 3 years after ACL reconstruction
  • Cleared by surgeon to return to unrestricted physical activity
  • Returned to unrestricted walking, stair negotiation, and hopping activities

Exclusion Criteria (ACLR group):

  • History of ACL injury to the opposite leg
  • History of any knee surgery other than ACL reconstruction
  • Diagnosis of osteoarthritis in any joint in either leg
  • Major lower extremity injury (requiring surgery or more than 3 weeks of medical treatment) in the previous 6 months
  • History of neurological disorder (e.g., stroke, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis)
  • Currently pregnant

Inclusion Criteria (healthy controls):

  • No history of ACL injury or knee surgery
  • No history of major lower extremity injury (requiring surgery or more than 3 weeks of medical treatment)
  • Matched to an ACLR participant by sex, age (within 3 years), and Tegner activity level (within 1 level)

Exclusion Criteria (healthy controls):

  • Diagnosis of osteoarthritis in any joint in either leg
  • Major lower extremity injury in the previous 6 months
  • History of neurological disorder (e.g., stroke, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis)
  • Currently pregnant

Plan d'étude

Cette section fournit des détails sur le plan d'étude, y compris la façon dont l'étude est conçue et ce que l'étude mesure.

Comment l'étude est-elle conçue ?

Détails de conception

  • Objectif principal: Science basique
  • Répartition: Non randomisé
  • Modèle interventionnel: Affectation croisée
  • Masquage: Seul

Armes et Interventions

Groupe de participants / Bras
Intervention / Traitement
Expérimental: ACLR: WBV then LMV

Visit 1 control condition; Visit 2 whole-body vibration; Visit 3 local muscle vibration (at least 48 hours apart)
Autre: Whole-body Vibration

Standing on a vibrating platform (Power Plate Pro 5) in a squatted position (approximately 60 degrees of knee flexion), 30 Hz, 2 g, 1 minute x 6 exposures with 2 minutes of rest.

Autres noms:
  • WBV
Autre: Local Muscle Vibraton

A vibration device secured over the quadriceps muscle belly while standing in the same squatted position on the deactivated platform, 30 Hz, 2 g, 1 minute x 6 exposures with 2 minutes of rest.

Autres noms:
  • LMV
Autre: Control condition

Same squatted position and timing (1 minute x 6 exposures with 2 minutes of rest) without vibration.
Expérimental: ACLR: LMV then WBV

Visit 1 control condition; Visit 2 local muscle vibration; Visit 3 whole-body vibration (at least 48 hours apart)
Autre: Whole-body Vibration

Standing on a vibrating platform (Power Plate Pro 5) in a squatted position (approximately 60 degrees of knee flexion), 30 Hz, 2 g, 1 minute x 6 exposures with 2 minutes of rest.

Autres noms:
  • WBV
Autre: Local Muscle Vibraton

A vibration device secured over the quadriceps muscle belly while standing in the same squatted position on the deactivated platform, 30 Hz, 2 g, 1 minute x 6 exposures with 2 minutes of rest.

Autres noms:
  • LMV
Autre: Control condition

Same squatted position and timing (1 minute x 6 exposures with 2 minutes of rest) without vibration.
Autre: Healthy controls

Single visit with the control condition; matched to ACLR participants by sex, age, (within 3 years), and Tegner activity level (within 1 level).
Autre: Control condition

Same squatted position and timing (1 minute x 6 exposures with 2 minutes of rest) without vibration.

Que mesure l'étude ?

Principaux critères de jugement

Mesure des résultats
Description de la mesure
Délai
Peak Hip Flexion Angle
Délai: Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).

Maximum hip flexion angle during stance (degrees). Measured with 3D motion capture and force plates during the stance phase of preferred-speed overground gait, stair ascent, and stair descent (5 trials per task, averaged), in both limbs of participants with ACLR and healthy controls.
Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).
Peak Knee Flexion Angle
Délai: Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).

Maximum hip flexion angle during stance (degrees). Measured with 3D motion capture and force plates during the stance phase of preferred-speed overground gait, stair ascent, and stair descent (5 trials per task, averaged), in both limbs of participants with ACLR and healthy controls.
Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).
Peak Ankle Flexion Angle
Délai: Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).

Maximum ankle dorsiflexion angle during stance (degrees). Measured with 3D motion capture and force plates during the stance phase of preferred-speed overground gait, stair ascent, and stair descent (5 trials per task, averaged), in both limbs of participants with ACLR and healthy controls.
Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).
Knee Valgus Angle
Délai: Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).

Peak knee valgus (abduction) angle during stance (degrees). Measured with 3D motion capture and force plates during the stance phase of preferred-speed overground gait, stair ascent, and stair descent (5 trials per task, averaged), in both limbs of participants with ACLR and healthy controls.
Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).
Knee Flexion Displacement
Délai: Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).

Change in knee flexion angle from initial contact to peak knee flexion during stance (degrees). Measured with 3D motion capture and force plates during the stance phase of preferred-speed overground gait, stair ascent, and stair descent (5 trials per task, averaged), in both limbs of participants with ACLR and healthy controls.
Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).
Sagittal Plane Knee Moment
Délai: Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).

Peak internal knee extension moment during stance, normalized to body weight x height. Measured with 3D motion capture and force plates during the stance phase of preferred-speed overground gait, stair ascent, and stair descent (5 trials per task, averaged), in both limbs of participants with ACLR and healthy controls.
Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).
Frontal Plane Knee Moment
Délai: Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).

Peak internal knee abduction moment (equivalent to the external knee adduction moment) during stance, normalized to body weight x height. Measured with 3D motion capture and force plates during the stance phase of preferred-speed overground gait, stair ascent, and stair descent (5 trials per task, averaged), in both limbs of participants with ACLR and healthy controls.
Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).
Peak Vertical Ground Reaction Force
Délai: Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).

Peak vertical ground reaction force during stance, normalized to body weight (xBW). Measured with 3D motion capture and force plates during the stance phase of preferred-speed overground gait, stair ascent, and stair descent (5 trials per task, averaged), in both limbs of participants with ACLR and healthy controls.
Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).
Anterior Tibial Shear Force
Délai: Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).

Peak anterior tibial shear force during stance, normalized to body weight (xBW). Measured with 3D motion capture and force plates during the stance phase of preferred-speed overground gait, stair ascent, and stair descent (5 trials per task, averaged), in both limbs of participants with ACLR and healthy controls.
Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).
Isometric Quadriceps Peak Torque
Délai: Visit 1 (baseline)

Maximal voluntary isometric knee extension torque measured on an isokinetic dynamometer (knee flexed 90 degrees, hip flexed 85 degrees); mean of 3 contractions per limb, normalized to body mass (Nm/kg).
Visit 1 (baseline)
Isometric Hamstring Peak Torque
Délai: Visit 1 (baseline)

Maximal voluntary isometric knee flexion torque measured on an isokinetic dynamometer (knee flexed 90 degrees, hip flexed 85 degrees); mean of 3 contractions per limb, normalized to body mass (Nm/kg).
Visit 1 (baseline)
Quadriceps Rate of Torque Development
Délai: Visit 1 (baseline)

Rate of torque development during maximal voluntary isometric knee extension contractions; mean of 3 contractions per limb, normalized to body mass (Nm/kg/s).
Visit 1 (baseline)
Hamstring Rate of Torque Development
Délai: Visit 1 (baseline)

Rate of torque development during maximal voluntary isometric knee flexion contractions; mean of 3 contractions per limb, normalized to body mass (Nm/kg/s).
Visit 1 (baseline)
Single-Leg Hop for Distance
Délai: Visit 1 (baseline)

Distance hopped on one leg, measured from the take-off line to the landing point of the heel; mean of 3 successful trials per limb (cm).
Visit 1 (baseline)
Triple Hop for Distance
Délai: Visit 1 (baseline)

Distance covered in three consecutive hops on one leg, measured from the take-off line to the landing point of the heel; mean of 3 successful trials per limb (cm).
Visit 1 (baseline)

Autres mesures de résultats

Mesure des résultats
Description de la mesure
Délai
International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Form
Délai: Visit 1 (baseline)

Self-reported knee symptoms, function, and sports activity; score 0 to 100, higher scores indicate better knee function. Baseline patient-reported measure collected for participant characterization and prespecified covariate analyses.
Visit 1 (baseline)
Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)
Délai: Visit 1 (baseline)

Five subscales (Pain, Symptoms, Activities of Daily Living, Sport and Recreation, Knee-Related Quality of Life), each scored 0 to 100, higher scores indicate fewer problems. Baseline patient-reported measure collected for participant characterization and prespecified covariate analyses.
Visit 1 (baseline)
Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK-11)
Délai: Visit 1 (baseline)

Fear of movement and re-injury; score 11 to 44, higher scores indicate greater fear. Baseline patient-reported measure collected for participant characterization and prespecified covariate analyses.
Visit 1 (baseline)
Tegner Activity Scale
Délai: Visit 1 (baseline)

Activity level; score 0 to 10, higher scores indicate higher activity levels. Baseline patient-reported measure collected for participant characterization and prespecified covariate analyses.
Visit 1 (baseline)
Marx Activity Rating Scale
Délai: Visit 1 (baseline)

Frequency of running, cutting, decelerating, and pivoting; score 0 to 16, higher scores indicate more frequent activity. Baseline patient-reported measure collected for participant characterization and prespecified covariate analyses.
Visit 1 (baseline)
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Quality of Life (ACL-QOL) Questionnaire
Délai: Visit 1 (baseline)

ACL-specific quality of life; score 0 to 100, higher scores indicate better quality of life. Baseline patient-reported measure collected for participant characterization and prespecified covariate analyses.
Visit 1 (baseline)
ACL Reasons Survey
Délai: Visit 1 (baseline)

Self-reported return-to-activity status and reasons for limited physical activity after ACL injury. The survey has no total score. Responses will be reported descriptively as the number (%) of participants cleared to return to unrestricted activity, the number (%) in each activity category (as physically active as before injury; as active but participation is more challenging; less active than before injury), the number (%) selecting each of the 14 listed reasons, and the number (%) ranking each reason as most important. Reported for participants with ACLR. Baseline patient-reported measure collected for participant characterization and prespecified covariate analyses.
Visit 1 (baseline)

Collaborateurs et enquêteurs

C'est ici que vous trouverez les personnes et les organisations impliquées dans cette étude.

Parrainer

University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Les enquêteurs

  • Chercheur principal: Sansung Hwang, MS, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
  • Chaise d'étude: Troy Blackburn, PhD, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Publications et liens utiles

La personne responsable de la saisie des informations sur l'étude fournit volontairement ces publications. Il peut s'agir de tout ce qui concerne l'étude.

Publications générales

Dates d'enregistrement des études

Ces dates suivent la progression des dossiers d'étude et des soumissions de résultats sommaires à ClinicalTrials.gov. Les dossiers d'étude et les résultats rapportés sont examinés par la Bibliothèque nationale de médecine (NLM) pour s'assurer qu'ils répondent à des normes de contrôle de qualité spécifiques avant d'être publiés sur le site Web public.

Dates principales de l'étude

Début de l'étude (Estimé)

1 novembre 2026

Achèvement primaire (Estimé)

1 novembre 2028

Achèvement de l'étude (Estimé)

1 novembre 2028

Dates d'inscription aux études

Première soumission

2 novembre 2026

Première soumission répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité

2 novembre 2026

Première publication (Réel)

6 novembre 2026

Mises à jour des dossiers d'étude

Dernière mise à jour publiée (Réel)

6 novembre 2026

Dernière mise à jour soumise répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité

2 novembre 2026

Dernière vérification

1 octobre 2026

Plus d'information

Termes liés à cette étude

Mots clés

Termes MeSH pertinents supplémentaires

Autres numéros d'identification d'étude

  • 26-0478
  • 26-SRC049 (Autre identifiant: UNC-CH Scientific Review Committee)

Plan pour les données individuelles des participants (IPD)

Prévoyez-vous de partager les données individuelles des participants (DPI) ?

NON

Description du régime IPD

Individual participant data will not be shared outside the research team. Study results will be reported in aggregate in publications and presentations, and the informed consent does not include provisions for sharing individual-level data with other researchers or public repositories.

Informations sur les médicaments et les dispositifs, documents d'étude

Étudie un produit pharmaceutique réglementé par la FDA américaine

Non

Étudie un produit d'appareil réglementé par la FDA américaine

Non

Ces informations ont été extraites directement du site Web clinicaltrials.gov sans aucune modification. Si vous avez des demandes de modification, de suppression ou de mise à jour des détails de votre étude, veuillez contacter register@clinicaltrials.gov. Dès qu'un changement est mis en œuvre sur clinicaltrials.gov, il sera également mis à jour automatiquement sur notre site Web .

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