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Glucose to Goal: A Model to Support Diabetes Management in Primary Care

6 april 2018 bijgewerkt door: Linda Siminerio, University of Pittsburgh
Diabetes education is a very important part of diabetes care. Most people with diabetes receive care in primary care practices where diabetes education is not always available. This project tests a model designed to improve access to diabetes education services.

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Voltooid

Conditie

Interventie / Behandeling

Gedetailleerde beschrijving

Evidence that diabetes self-management education (DSME) can improve health outcomes has repeatedly been shown and is considered to be a critical component of care. Diabetes educators are highly skilled at addressing diabetes-related clinical and behavioral needs through DSME, but engagement with diabetes educators is underutilized. It has been suggested that poor referral practices and the way in which DSME service is delivered are the problems. Most patients receive diabetes care in primary care yet most DSME programs are distinctly separate from primary care practice. This limits care coordination and diabetes educator access to amenities currently available to primary care. Efforts are underway to change the US health care paradigm with a focus on quality in primary care that includes practice redesign, population management, and communication through electronic medical records. The purpose of this application is to evaluate the deployment of Glucose to Goal, a model relying on a systematic redesign of practice that links diabetes educators services with primary care. This will be compared to the traditional process for DSME delivery, without the direct connection to primary care processes, for an eighteen month period. The hypothesis is that the proportion of primary care provider referrals and patient utilization of diabetes educator services from primary care practices participating in Glucose to Goal will be higher compared to those associated with traditional DSME. It is anticipated that this model will appeal to primary care providers, demonstrate a feasible approach to offering diabetes education in the current health environment, and set the stage for future testing of the model, namely its impact on meaningful improvements on diabetes outcomes and cost-effectiveness.

Studietype

Ingrijpend

Inschrijving (Werkelijk)

4994

Fase

  • Niet toepasbaar

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studie Locaties

  • Verenigde Staten
    • Pennsylvania
      • Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Verenigde Staten, 15213
        • UPMC Community Medicine, Inc.

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

18 jaar tot 75 jaar (Volwassen, Oudere volwassene)

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Nee

Geslachten die in aanmerking komen voor studie

Allemaal

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Clinical diagnosis of type 2 diabetes
  • Patients referred to diabetes self-management education by their primary care provider
  • Able to read and write English

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Clinical diagnosis of type 1 or gestational diabetes
  • Unable to speak or read English

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

  • Primair doel: Ondersteunende zorg
  • Toewijzing: Niet-gerandomiseerd
  • Interventioneel model: Parallelle opdracht
  • Masker: Geen (open label)

Wapens en interventies

Deelnemersgroep / Arm
Interventie / Behandeling
Experimenteel: Glucose to Goal
Three diabetes educators will be assigned to the Glucose to Goal/experimental arm. The educators will each identify two primary care practices of mid to large size to participate in the Glucose to Goal intervention. Patients will not be formally recruited or enrolled. Rather, information documented in the electronic medical record system will be extracted to evaluate patient-level outcomes. Based on a random sampling of mid to large size primary care practices in study communities, an estimated 2,200 patients with diabetes per study group will meet eligibility criteria for DSME referral.
Ander: Glucose to Goal
The Glucose to Goal intervention applies elements of the Patient Centered Medical Home (i.e., practice design, decision support, population management, etc) to diabetes education services and operationalizes the current DSME objectives in the primary care setting.
Ander: Control Group
Two usual care diabetes educators will each identify three primary care practices of mid to large size to include in the control arm and participate in the usual care intervention. Uneven group assignment accounts for the amount of time (one day equivalent/per week) that the intervention diabetes educators will devote to each primary care practice versus the full-time availability of the usual care diabetes educators to see patients at the outpatient, hospital-based program. Like the experimental arm, an estimated 2,200 patients with diabetes will meet eligibility criteria for DSME referral. Patients will not be formally recruited or enrolled into the control arm; data will be extracted from the electronic medical record system to evaluate patient-level outcomes.
Ander: Usual Care
The control group will follow the traditional DMSE delivery model, which includes primary care providers referring patients to an outpatient, hospital-based diabetes educator for DSME, but in a passive manner (i.e., without proactive patient identification), which is the usual process for referrals.

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Provider referral
Tijdsspanne: Monitor continuously across 18 months
The proportion of provider referrals for DSME divided by the total number of patients eligible for a referral. Patients will be considered eligible for referral if they were seen by their primary care provider during the intervention period and the provider did not contraindicate DSME for any reason. Referrals (eligibility for and made) will be tracked through electronic medical record review.
Monitor continuously across 18 months

Secundaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Patient participation
Tijdsspanne: Monitor continuously across 18 months
Patient participation will be reported as the proportion of patients who participate in DSME divided by the total number of eligible patients from each participating primary care practice during the study period and will take into account patterns and frequency of visits. Patients will be considered eligible if they have received a referral to DSME from their primary care provider. Patients will be offered the opportunity to meet with the diabetes educator for a series of DSME visits and these visits will occur in individual or group format, depending on space, scheduling, etc. The number and content of the visits will be patient-centered (driven by the patient). Patients eligible for and participating in DSME will be tracked through electronic medical record review.
Monitor continuously across 18 months

Andere uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Primary care practice satisfaction with implementation process
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, 9 months, 18 months
The research team will collect data on the implementation process at the primary care practice orientation and team huddles at the mid-point and end of the intervention. During the practice orientation, the manner in which practices negotiate adoption of the key features of Glucose to Goal will be documented. With the assistance of trained qualitative researchers, mid and end point team huddles will be conducted using a focus group format to review experiences, examine challenges and barriers, identify best practices, and gauge provider and diabetes educator satisfaction.
Baseline, 9 months, 18 months
Hemoglobin A1c
Tijdsspanne: As available across 18 months
In preparation for a larger scale, longitudinal study testing the effectiveness of the Glucose to Goal model on diabetes control, hemoglobin A1c values and other key diabetes markers (i.e., lipid panels, blood pressure) that are documented in the electronic medical record system during the study period will be extracted and analyzed. Dates and frequency of tests, absolute values, and whether values were within recommended target ranges will be documented.
As available across 18 months
Problem Assessment in Diabetes-5 (PAID-5)
Tijdsspanne: As available across 18 months
PAID is a measure of psychosocial adjustment and diabetes emotional distress. Psychometric reports to date on PAID have shown it to have consistently high internal and test-retest reliability; correlate strongly with a wide range of theoretically related constructs such as general emotional distress, depression, diabetes self-care behaviors, diabetes coping, and health beliefs; and be a statistically significant predictor of glycemic control (Polonsky et al, 1995). The 5-item version (McGuire et al, 2010) will be administered at DSME visits.
As available across 18 months
Diabetes Empowerment Scale - Short Form (DES-SF)
Tijdsspanne: As available across 18 months
To allow for a brief overall assessment of diabetes-related psychosocial self-efficacy, the DES-SF, an 8-item scale, was developed based on the original 37-item DES (Anderson et al, 2003). DES-SF items address participants' perceived ability to assess readiness to change, set/reach goals, overcome barriers, cope with emotions, manage stress, obtain support, motivation, and make cost/benefit decisions. The DES-SF will be administered at DSME visits.
As available across 18 months
Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities Measure (SDSCA)
Tijdsspanne: As available across 18 months
This instrument will be used to evaluate self-care with questions about number of days in a week that the participant reports self-care behaviors related to general diet, specific diet, exercise, blood glucose testing, foot care, and smoking. Correlations with other measures of diet and exercise generally support validity of SDSCA subscales (Toobert et al, 2000). The SDSCA will be administered at DSME visits.
As available across 18 months

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

University of Pittsburgh

Onderzoekers

  • Hoofdonderzoeker: Linda Siminerio, RN, PhD, CDE, University of Pittsburgh

Publicaties en nuttige links

De persoon die verantwoordelijk is voor het invoeren van informatie over het onderzoek stelt deze publicaties vrijwillig ter beschikking. Dit kan gaan over alles wat met het onderzoek te maken heeft.

Algemene publicaties

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Werkelijk)

1 april 2016

Primaire voltooiing (Werkelijk)

1 december 2017

Studie voltooiing (Werkelijk)

31 december 2017

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

1 maart 2016

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

16 maart 2016

Eerst geplaatst (Schatting)

22 maart 2016

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

10 april 2018

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

6 april 2018

Laatst geverifieerd

1 april 2018

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Trefwoorden

Aanvullende relevante MeSH-voorwaarden

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • 1R34DK106684-01A1 (Subsidie/contract van de Amerikaanse NIH)

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