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Role of Theta Frequency Oscillations in Proactive and Reactive Control Processes in Youth With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

17 september 2026 bijgewerkt door: National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)

Background:

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is common in children. It can cause problems with attention and the ability to control actions and impulses. Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is less common in children but not rare. It involves ongoing thoughts, urges, impulses, and repeated behaviors. Researchers want to study differences in brain activity between healthy children, those with ADHD, and those with OCD.

Objective:

To learn more about how the brain controls thinking and behavior.

Eligibility:

People aged 10 to 17 years with ADHD, OCD, or neither.

Design:

Participants will have 3 to 10 clinic visits in up to 1 year. Each visit will last 2 to 3 hours.

Three visits are required:

Behavioral. Participants will complete a computer task. Their mood, memory, attention, and thinking skills will be tested.

EEG. Participants will undergo electroencephalography (EEG) to measure signals in their brain. Small electrodes will be placed on the scalp. A cap will be stretched over the head. Signals will be recorded while participants rest or do tasks on a computer.

MRI. Participants will have a magnetic resonance imaging scan (MRI). They will lie on a table that rolls into a tube. The MRI will take pictures of their brain while they do tasks on a computer.

Seven more visits are optional. These include 2 more EEG visits and 2 more MRI visits.

Three will be magnetoencephalography (MEG) visits: MEG measures small magnetic field changes in the brain. A helmet with sensors will be placed on the head. Brain changes will be recorded while participants rest or do tasks on a computer.

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Nog niet aan het werven

Conditie

Gedetailleerde beschrijving

Study Description:

This is a pilot feasibility/tolerability study to evaluate the role of theta frequency oscillations in proactive and reactive control processes in youth with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). We hypothesize that: 1) Procedures will be tolerable for healthy volunteer (HV) children without a primary DSM-5 diagnosis, youth with ADHD and youth with OCD; 2) Procedures will be feasible for healthy volunteer (HV) children without a primary DSM-5 diagnosis, youth with ADHD and youth with OCD; 3) EEG and fMRI data for the majority of participants will be of sufficient quality for analysis (e.g. without artifact or excessive motion); 4) We will be able to identify cortical sources associated with resting-state and task-evoked theta oscillatory activity. This study will inform a future study where EEG-synchronized repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) will modulate theta oscillations to improve cognitive control in youth with ADHD and youth with OCD.

Objectives:

Primary Objectives:

  1. Evaluate the feasibility of MRI and EEG procedures at rest and during cognitive tasks in youth with ADHD, youth with OCD and HV youth.
  2. Evaluate the tolerability of study procedures in youth with ADHD, youth with OCD and HV youth.
  3. Evaluate the data quality obtained from the EEG and fMRI in youth with ADHD, youth with OCD and HV youth.
  4. Identify cortical sources of resting-state and task-evoked theta oscillations in youth with ADHD, youth with OCD and HV youth.

Secondary Objectives:

1. Evaluate the reliability of task performance on cognitive control tasks across sessions.

Exploratory Objectives:

1. Compare the power of resting and task-evoked theta oscillations in the EEG recording across ADHD, OCD, and HV groups.

2a. Evaluate the relation between power in resting-state theta oscillations and task-evoked theta power in the electroencephalogram (EEG).

2b. Evaluate the relationship between power in resting-state theta oscillations in the EEG and task performance.

3. Evaluate the data quality and compare the power of resting and task-evoked theta oscillations in the MEG recording across ADHD, OCD, and HV groups.

4. Compare the BOLD activity, and connectivity within and across "task-positive" function networks (TPNs) across ADHD, OCD, and HV groups.

5. Compare the power of task-evoked EEG and MEG theta oscillations and cortical sources of task-evoked theta oscillations across standardized cognitive control and working memory tasks in youth with ADHD, youth with OCD and HV youth.

6. Develop latent executive functioning factors based on cognitive control and working memory task outcomes and evaluate the relationship between this latent factor and power of resting and task-evoked theta oscillations.

Endpoints:

Primary Endpoints:

  1. Participant Retention for all visits of the study and task performance (Primary Objective 1).
  2. Adverse Events reported related to study procedures (Primary Objective 2).
  3. Percentage of EEG and fMRI data deemed to be of sufficient quality for analysis (e.g. without artifact or excessive motion) (Primary Objective 3).
  4. Structural cortical region source localized from a combination of the EEG (and MEG in a subset of patients) and fMRI data (Primary Objective 4).

Secondary Endpoints:

1. Accuracy and reaction time behavioral responses to cognitive control tasks.

Exploratory Endpoints:

  1. EEG Power in the theta frequency band (4-7Hz) (Exploratory Objective 1, 2a and 2b, and 5).
  2. Power of MEG oscillations in the theta (4-7Hz) frequency band during rest and during cognitive control tasks (Exploratory Objective 3 and 5).
  3. BOLD activation and connectivity in TPN networks (Exploratory Objective 4).
  4. Structural cortical region source localized from a combination of the EEG (and MEG in a subset of patients) and fMRI data (Exploratory Objective 5).
  5. Latent Inhibitory Control Factor and Latent Working Memory Factor derived by structural equation modeling using performance-based metrics across the three inhibitory control tasks and two working memory tasks (Exploratory Objective 6).

Studietype

Observationeel

Inschrijving (Geschat)

110

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studiecontact

Studie Locaties

  • Verenigde Staten
    • Maryland
      • Bethesda, Maryland, Verenigde Staten, 20892
        • National Institutes of Health Clinical Center
        • Contact:

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

  • Kind

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Nee

Bemonsteringsmethode

Niet-waarschijnlijkheidssteekproef

Studie Bevolking

We aim to collect a sample of 90 youth ages 10-17, 30 with ADHD, 30 with OCD, and 30 age- and sex-matched typically developing healthy volunteer youth with complete data. In order to account for screen failures and participant attrition, we will recruit 110 individuals. Consistent with the sex differences in rates of psychopathology, we expect to enroll more males than females at an approximate 3:1 ratio in the ADHD group and 3:2 ratio in the OCD group, and therefore also more males than females in the sex-matched control group. Recruitment will be limited to DC, Maryland, and Virginia.

Beschrijving

  • INCLUSION CRITERIA:

    1. Ability to provide informed assent and parent consent
    2. Age: 10-17 years

    3. ADHD Group: Diagnosis of ADHD based on DSM-5 criteria

      OCD Group: Diagnosis of OCD based on DSM-5 criteria

      HV Group: No Neurological or Psychiatric diagnosis based on DSM-5 criteria

    4. Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence, Second Edition (WASI-II). WASI-II will be used as a measure of intellectual function. Children will be included when FSIQ > 70.
    5. Normal or corrected to normal vision

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

Participants will be screened to exclude participants in whom MRI or EEG might result in increased risk of side effects or complications or whose data would not be scientifically valid.

  1. Non-English Speakers
  2. Pregnancy
  3. Any implant, prosthesis or alteration of the body that, in the opinion of the investigator, would be unsafe with MRI or EEG or that would produce an artifact that would compromise the integrity of data;
  4. Active or History of psychosis, bipolar I disorder, Level 2 or 3 autism spectrum disorder, active severe substance use disorders (within the last month), have active suicidal intent or plan as detected on screening instruments;
  5. Individuals currently taking stimulant medications who cannot tolerate being off their medication for up to 48 hours prior to the study visit and experience an exacerbation of symptoms that necessitates the resumption of medication prior to completion of the study visit.
  6. Past or present medical or neurological condition, disease, disorder, genetic finding, or injury that, in the opinion of the Investigator, may significantly increase the potential risks of study participation, reduce or compromise a subject s ability to fully comply with all study requirements for the duration of the study or may compromise the integrity of the data.
  7. For the HV group, any impairing current psychiatric diagnosis.

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

Cohorten en interventies

Groep / Cohort
Healthy Volunteer Youth
Youth ages 10-17 without any Neurological or Psychiatric diagnosis based on DSM-5 criteria and Neuropsychological battery of tests.
Youth with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Youth ages 10-17 with a DSM-5 Diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Youth with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Youth ages 10-17 with a DSM-5 Diagnosis of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Participant Retention for all visits of the study and task performance.
Tijdsspanne: At each visit
Withdrawal rates and Accuracy rates on task.
At each visit
Adverse Events reported related to study procedures
Tijdsspanne: At each visit
Patient Reported Negative Side Effects
At each visit
Percentage of EEG and fMRI data deemed to be of sufficient quality for analysis (e.g. without artifact or excessive motion).
Tijdsspanne: At time of assessment
Amount of analyzable data
At time of assessment
Structural cortical region source localized from a combination of the EEG (and MEG in a subset of patients) and fMRI data
Tijdsspanne: At time of assessment
Location of brain activation
At time of assessment

Secundaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Accuracy and reaction time behavioral responses to cognitive control tasks.
Tijdsspanne: Across all study visits
Computerized Task performance
Across all study visits

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)

Onderzoekers

  • Hoofdonderzoeker: Lindsay M Oberman, Ph.D., National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)

Publicaties en nuttige links

De persoon die verantwoordelijk is voor het invoeren van informatie over het onderzoek stelt deze publicaties vrijwillig ter beschikking. Dit kan gaan over alles wat met het onderzoek te maken heeft.

Nuttige links

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Geschat)

23 september 2026

Primaire voltooiing (Geschat)

31 mei 2029

Studie voltooiing (Geschat)

31 mei 2029

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

1 mei 2026

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

2 mei 2026

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

5 mei 2026

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

18 september 2026

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

17 september 2026

Laatst geverifieerd

10 september 2026

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Trefwoorden

Aanvullende relevante MeSH-voorwaarden

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • 10002632
  • 002632-M

Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)

Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?

NEE

Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel

Nee

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct

Nee

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