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Mosque-based Oral Health Intervention Using Solomon Design

12 mei 2026 bijgewerkt door: Tasnim Shahriar Osama, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

"Health Education Intervention on Tooth Brushing Among the Mosque Attendees

This quasi-experimental study evaluates a mosque-based oral health education intervention ("Smile With Prophet", SWP) among adult male mosque attendees in Dhaka, Bangladesh, using a Solomon four-group design.

A total of 142 participants were enrolled across two mosques (intervention and control). The analytical sample comprises 80 adult male attendees (≥18 years) allocated to four groups: intervention and control, each with pretest-posttest and posttest-only arms (n=20 per group).

The SWP intervention consists of oral health education delivered through Friday sermons (khutbas), supported by educational leaflets and provision of miswak. Outcomes are measured at baseline and 3-week follow-up and include oral health knowledge (14-item questionnaire), self-reported tooth brushing practices (15-item questionnaire), and clinical plaque scores (Greene-Vermillion Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, reversed).

The primary objective is to evaluate the effect of the intervention on knowledge and plaque scores. The secondary objective is to assess self-reported practice changes.

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Voltooid

Conditie

Interventie / Behandeling

Gedetailleerde beschrijving

Study design: Quasi-experimental study using a Solomon four-group design conducted in two mosques in Dhaka, Bangladesh, between January and December 2022.

Participants: A total of 142 adult male mosque attendees (≥18 years) who attended three consecutive Friday congregational prayers were enrolled. Of these, 119 completed baseline assessment (pretest questionnaire and clinical plaque examination). Across the three-week study period, 80 participants completed all required follow-up assessments and are included in the final analysis (40 intervention, 40 control). Participants were allocated to four groups: intervention and control, each with pretest-posttest and posttest-only arms (n=20 per subgroup).

Intervention: The "Smile With Prophet" (SWP) intervention comprises: (1) oral health education delivered through Friday sermons (khutbas) integrating scientific evidence with Islamic teachings (Sunnah); (2) educational leaflets for take-home reinforcement; (3) provision of miswak (traditional tooth cleaning stick); and (4) a dental health campaign with clinical examination. The control group receives standard khutbas without oral health content; the intervention is provided after study completion.

Statistical analysis: Non-parametric tests will be used for data that are not normally distributed (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test). Mann-Whitney U tests will compare groups; Wilcoxon signed-rank tests will assess within-group changes; Kruskal-Wallis tests will compare all four Solomon groups simultaneously. The Solomon four-group design controls for pretest sensitisation. Attrition analysis will compare baseline characteristics of retained versus lost participants.

Studietype

Ingrijpend

Inschrijving (Werkelijk)

142

Fase

  • Niet toepasbaar

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studie Locaties

  • Bangladesh
      • Dhaka, Bangladesh, 1217
        • Masjid As Siddique (RA)
      • Dhaka, Bangladesh, 1219
        • Angarzora Ahli Hadeeth Jame Masjid

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

  • Volwassen
  • Oudere volwassene

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Ja

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Respondent is willing to participate and gives consent.
  • Respondent is aged 18 years or older.
  • Respondent attends weekly congregation prayers at the selected mosque.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Respondent is mentally unstable or unable to understand the intervention (e.g., too old or cognitively impaired).

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

  • Primair doel: Preventie
  • Toewijzing: Niet-gerandomiseerd
  • Interventioneel model: Sequentiële toewijzing
  • Masker: Dubbele

Wapens en interventies

Deelnemersgroep / Arm
Interventie / Behandeling
Experimenteel: Arm 1 (E1): Intervention + Pretest
Participants receive the SWP (Smile With Prophet) oral health education intervention plus a pretest assessment. The intervention includes: (1) oral health education delivered via Friday sermon (khutba) integrating Islamic teachings on hygiene; (2) distribution of educational leaflet; (3) provision of miswak; (4) dental health campaign with clinical examination. Pretest (baseline) includes questionnaire (knowledge, practice) and clinical plaque assessment. Posttest is conducted at 3-week follow-up.
Gedragsmatig: Smile With Prophet (SWP)

"Smile With the Prophet (pbuh)" (SWP) intervention is an intervention specially designed for this intervention study. Composed of the following: Khutba: 15-minute Friday sermon (khutba) delivered by the Imam, integrating evidence-based oral health messages with Islamic teachings on hygiene (Sunnah); each supported by several Qur'an verses (ayah), or Islamic faith-based decrees. The messages were developed through consultation involving Advisory Committee board consisting of Islamic scholars and public health professionals.

Booklet: A 4-page illustrated educational leaflet on proper tooth brushing technique and use of miswak, available in Bengali; Miswak & Toothbrush :Provision of a miswak (traditional tooth cleaning stick) and a soft-bristled toothbrush
Experimenteel: Arm 2 (E2): Intervention Only (No Pretest)
Participants receive the SWP (Smile With Prophet) oral health education intervention but do not undergo pretest assessment. The intervention includes: (1) oral health education delivered via Friday sermon (khutba) integrating Islamic teachings on hygiene; (2) distribution of educational leaflet; (3) provision of miswak; (4) dental health campaign with clinical examination. Posttest only is conducted at 3-week follow-up.
Gedragsmatig: Smile With Prophet (SWP)

"Smile With the Prophet (pbuh)" (SWP) intervention is an intervention specially designed for this intervention study. Composed of the following: Khutba: 15-minute Friday sermon (khutba) delivered by the Imam, integrating evidence-based oral health messages with Islamic teachings on hygiene (Sunnah); each supported by several Qur'an verses (ayah), or Islamic faith-based decrees. The messages were developed through consultation involving Advisory Committee board consisting of Islamic scholars and public health professionals.

Booklet: A 4-page illustrated educational leaflet on proper tooth brushing technique and use of miswak, available in Bengali; Miswak & Toothbrush :Provision of a miswak (traditional tooth cleaning stick) and a soft-bristled toothbrush
Geen tussenkomst: Arm 3 (C1): Control with Pretest
Participants receive no oral health education intervention. They undergo pretest assessment (baseline questionnaire and clinical plaque examination) and posttest assessment at 3-week follow-up. This arm controls for pretest sensitisation effects. After study completion, participants received the SWP intervention.
Geen tussenkomst: Arm 4 (C2): Control Only (No Pretest)
Participants receive no oral health education intervention and do not undergo pretest assessment. They undergo posttest only at 3-week follow-up. This arm controls for both pretest sensitisation and temporal trends. After study completion, participants received the SWP intervention.

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Clinical Plaque Score (Reversed)
Tijdsspanne: Baseline (Week 1, pretested groups only) and 3-week follow-up (Week 3, all groups)
Objective clinical measure of oral hygiene. Assessed using the Greene-Vermillion Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (reversed). Dental examiner evaluates plaque thickness along the gingival margin on four surfaces (distal, facial, mesial, lingual) of each tooth. Reversed score range 0-3. Higher reversed score indicates less plaque and better oral hygiene. This is the primary evidence of behavior change
Baseline (Week 1, pretested groups only) and 3-week follow-up (Week 3, all groups)
Oral Health Knowledge Score
Tijdsspanne: Baseline (Week 1, pretested groups only) and 3-week follow-up (Week 3, all groups)
Measured using a 14-item self-administered questionnaire assessing understanding of oral hygiene, tooth brushing frequency, miswak use, dietary effects on teeth, and gum health. Each correct answer scores 1 point. Total score range 0-14. Higher score indicates better knowledge.
Baseline (Week 1, pretested groups only) and 3-week follow-up (Week 3, all groups)

Secundaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Self-Reported Tooth Brushing Practice Score
Tijdsspanne: Baseline (Week 1, pretested groups only) and 3-week follow-up (Week 3, all groups)
Subjective self-report measure. Assessed using a 15-item questionnaire on tooth brushing frequency, duration, technique, coverage of tooth surfaces, and miswak use. Each appropriate practice scores 1 point. Range 0-15. Higher score indicates better self-reported practices. Subject to recall and social desirability bias.
Baseline (Week 1, pretested groups only) and 3-week follow-up (Week 3, all groups)

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Werkelijk)

23 september 2022

Primaire voltooiing (Werkelijk)

28 oktober 2022

Studie voltooiing (Werkelijk)

28 oktober 2022

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

6 mei 2026

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

7 mei 2026

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

13 mei 2026

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

14 mei 2026

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

12 mei 2026

Laatst geverifieerd

1 mei 2026

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Trefwoorden

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • NIPSOM/IRB/2017/09

Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)

Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?

NEE

Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel

Nee

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct

Nee

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