Ex Vivo Study of Leukocyte Responses in the Blood of Patients With Leptospirosis and ex Vivo Testing of a New Host-targeted Therapeutic Strategy to Restore Phagocytosis of Leptospira (NEUTROLEPTO-NC)
Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonosis caused by pathogenic spirochetes of the genus *Leptospira*, occurring mainly in humid tropical and subtropical regions. With over one million cases and ~60,000 deaths annually, it is among the most dangerous bacterial zoonoses worldwide. Its nonspecific onset-fever, headache, myalgia-mimics influenza, dengue, and other acute febrile illnesses, making diagnosis difficult. Delayed antibiotic treatment can lead to severe forms (in ~10% of cases) characterized by hemorrhage and multi-organ failure. In 2023, New Caledonia reported 152 cases, with 85% hospitalized and a 2.6% mortality rate.
This study aims to characterize the human host response and improve patient management. *Leptospira* evades innate immunity, triggering a strong anti-inflammatory IL-10 response and potentially ineffective phagocytosis. However, the WHO-recommended β-lactam antibiotics induce a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (JHR)-an acute inflammatory response occurring within hours of treatment-in over 50% of patients (LEPJAR study, PMID:40986630), the impact of which on phagocytosis is unknown.The NEUTROLEPTO study will be conducted in New Caledonia (NC) in patients with or without leptospirosis. Clinical and biological data will be collected at the time of suspected infection and 3 hours after antibiotic administration. Specifically, immune responses will be assessed through cytokine profiling and blood cell phenotyping, as well as by transcriptome analysis of infected patients before and after antibiotic treatment.
Studie Overzicht
Toestand
Conditie
Interventie / Behandeling
Gedetailleerde beschrijving
The aim of the study is to compare the immune cell responses in the blood of patients hospitalized for leptospirosis with those of patients with another infection, before and 3 hours after antibiotic therapy.
Individuals presenting to the emergency department of the Territorial Hospital Center of New Caledonia with signs and symptoms of leptospirosis will be recruited:
-with a confirmed diagnosis of leptospirosis (Group 1),-
-with an infectious diagnosis other than leptospirosis (Group 2)
Blood and clinical data will be collected from all the participants.
Studietype
Inschrijving (Geschat)
Deelname Criteria
Geschiktheidscriteria
Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie
- Volwassen
- Oudere volwassene
Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers
Bemonsteringsmethode
Studie Bevolking
Beschrijving
Inclusion Criteria:
- Be of legal age (18 years or older at the time of enrollment),
- Be capable of understanding and providing informed consent,
- Have received information and provided written consent,
- Be enrolled in a social security program.
- Be suspected of having leptospirosis
Exclusion Criteria:
- With a chronic inflammatory disease,
- Whose health condition is incompatible with additional blood draws totaling 40 ml,
- Receiving concomitant treatment with antibiotics and/or anti-inflammatory drugs, or undergoing medical treatment incompatible with the study's objectives,
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women.
- Hospitalized or having undergone surgery within the previous 7 days
Studie plan
Hoe is de studie opgezet?
Ontwerpdetails
Cohorten en interventies
Groep / Cohort |
Interventie / Behandeling |
|---|---|
|
Individuals with symptoms of leptospirosis with a confirmed diagnosis of leptospirosis
|
24 ml blood sample at H0
16 ml blood sample at H3
|
|
Individuals with symptoms of leptospirosis with a diagnosis of an infection other than leptospirosis
|
24 ml blood sample at H0
16 ml blood sample at H3
|
Wat meet het onderzoek?
Primaire uitkomstmaten
Uitkomstmaat |
Maatregel Beschrijving |
Tijdsspanne |
|---|---|---|
|
to compare the immune cell responses in the blood of patients hospitalized for leptospirosis with those of patients with another acute infection (MFA), both before and 3 hours after antibiotic treatment.
Tijdsspanne: 3 years
|
Flow cytometric phenotyping of different cell populations, as well as their activation markers and intracellular cytokines and measurement of cytokines using ELISA or LUMINEX in the blood (H0 at enrollment and H3, 3 hours after antibiotic administration) of individuals suspected of having leptospirosis
|
3 years
|
Secundaire uitkomstmaten
Uitkomstmaat |
Maatregel Beschrijving |
Tijdsspanne |
|---|---|---|
|
Test certain innovative host-based strategies aimed at restoring phagocytic responses against Leptospira in the blood of patients with leptospirosis.response.
Tijdsspanne: 3 years
|
Conduct ex vivo killing assays using patient blood in the presence of preparations based on so-called "natural" immunoglobulins to test a new host-targeted therapeutic strategy against leptospirosis.
|
3 years
|
|
Describe and characterise the Leptospira spp. strain
Tijdsspanne: 3 years
|
Measurement of bacterial load by PCR of the lipl32 gene, identification of the Leptospira spp.
genogroup by bacterial DNA sequencing or other molecular biology methods (PCR) and/or of the serovar by MAT, sequencing of the bacterial mRNA.
|
3 years
|
Medewerkers en onderzoekers
Sponsor
Medewerkers
Studie record data
Bestudeer belangrijke data
Studie start (Geschat)
Primaire voltooiing (Geschat)
Studie voltooiing (Geschat)
Studieregistratiedata
Eerst ingediend
Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria
Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)
Updates van studierecords
Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)
Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria
Laatst geverifieerd
Meer informatie
Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie
Aanvullende relevante MeSH-voorwaarden
Andere studie-ID-nummers
- 2025-146 (Ethics Committee of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital)
- 2025-A02688-41 (Andere identificatie: ID-RCB)
Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)
Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?
Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten
Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel
Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct
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