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A Plant-Based Diet in the Treatment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction

9 september 2026 bijgewerkt door: Rami Salim Najjar, Emory University

A Plant-Based Diet in the Treatment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction (CMD)

This study will evaluate whether a fully provided, unrefined, polyphenol-rich plant-based diet can improve blood vessel function in adults with coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD), a condition that causes reduced blood flow in the small vessels of the heart despite the absence of major coronary artery blockages.

Participants will follow the diet for 12 weeks while continuing their usual medical care. Researchers will assess changes in vascular function, symptoms, blood pressure, blood lipids, and other health measures throughout the study.

Participants have up to 60 days after consent to complete screening and pre-intervention baseline assessments, potentially over two visits. Day 0 is counseling/education, and diet initiation. Weeks 4, 8, and 12 are measured from Day 0.

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Nog niet aan het werven

Conditie

Interventie / Behandeling

Gedetailleerde beschrijving

Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is characterized by impaired coronary microvascular vasodilation and reduced coronary flow reserve in the absence of obstructive epicardial coronary artery disease. CMD is a common cause of ischemic symptoms and is associated with persistent angina, reduced quality of life, and increased cardiovascular risk. Existing therapies are largely directed toward symptom management, and additional strategies that address underlying disease mechanisms are needed.

Oxidative stress, impaired nitric oxide bioavailability, and abnormalities in vascular function are believed to contribute to CMD pathophysiology. Diets rich in unrefined plant foods contain polyphenols and other bioactive compounds that may favorably affect vascular biology, endothelial function, and redox balance. However, the effects of a polyphenol-rich plant-based dietary intervention in individuals with CMD have not been well characterized.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of an unrefined, polyphenol-rich plant-based dietary pattern on vascular function in adults with CMD and to explore potential biological pathways associated with response to the intervention. The study will also assess the impact of the dietary intervention on symptoms, cardiometabolic health, and measures related to vascular and redox biology.

Findings from this study may improve understanding of the role of dietary modification as a potential adjunctive approach for CMD and help inform future dietary and lifestyle interventions targeting coronary microvascular disease.

Studietype

Ingrijpend

Inschrijving (Geschat)

20

Fase

  • Niet toepasbaar

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studiecontact

Studie Contact Back-up

Studie Locaties

  • Verenigde Staten
    • Georgia
      • Atlanta, Georgia, Verenigde Staten, 30322
        • Emory University
        • Contact:
        • Onderonderzoeker:
          • Puja Mehta, MD

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

  • Volwassen
  • Oudere volwassene

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Nee

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Women must be postmenopausal.
  • History of angina, ischemic symptoms, or symptoms consistent with ischemia in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease.
  • No obstructive coronary artery disease (<50% stenosis in any epicardial coronary artery or fractional flow reserve >0.80).
  • Clinically documented coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD), including coronary flow reserve <2.5 and/or index of microcirculatory resistance ≥25, or equivalent documentation in the medical record.
  • Stable cardiometabolic medication regimen for at least 2 months before enrollment.
  • Willingness to consume the study-provided plant-based diet and complete all study procedures.
  • Ability to provide informed consent

Exclusion:

  • Obstructive coronary artery disease or prior coronary revascularization (PCI or CABG).
  • Recent acute coronary syndrome, unstable angina, decompensated heart failure, or other clinically unstable cardiovascular disease.
  • Significant structural heart disease, uncontrolled arrhythmia, severe uncontrolled hypertension, or symptomatic hypotension.
  • Severe renal disease (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m²) or significant liver disease.
  • Current vegetarian or vegan diet, or habitual consumption of ≤4 servings of animal products per week.
  • Severe food allergies, dietary restrictions, or gastrointestinal conditions that would prevent adherence to the study diet.
  • Current use of weight-loss medications, including GLP-1 receptor agonists.
  • Active eating disorder.
  • Recent (>5%) intentional or unintentional weight change within the previous 3 months.
  • Participation in another interventional study that could affect study outcomes.
  • Any medical, psychiatric, or social condition that, in the investigator's judgment, would make participation unsafe or interfere with study completion.

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

  • Primair doel: Behandeling
  • Toewijzing: NVT
  • Interventioneel model: Opdracht voor een enkele groep
  • Masker: Geen (open label)

Wapens en interventies

Deelnemersgroep / Arm
Interventie / Behandeling
Experimenteel: Plant-Based Diet Intervention

Participants with clinically documented coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) will receive a fully provided, weight-maintaining, unrefined, polyphenol-rich plant-based diet for 12 weeks while continuing clinician-directed medical care. The dietary intervention emphasizes fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, nuts, and seeds and excludes animal products and highly processed foods. Participants will also receive dietary counseling and vitamin B12 supplementation.

Participants have up to 60 days after consent to complete screening and pre-intervention baseline assessments, potentially over two visits. Day 0 is counseling/education, and diet initiation. Weeks 4, 8, and 12 are measured from Day 0
Ander: Polyphenol-Rich Plant-Based Diet
A fully provided, weight-maintaining, unrefined, polyphenol-rich plant-based dietary intervention administered for 12 weeks. The diet is designed around whole plant foods, including fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, nuts, and seeds, and excludes animal products, refined grains, added sugars, sugar-sweetened beverages, and commercially processed plant-based meat or cheese substitutes. Participants receive nutrition education, ongoing dietary counseling, meal provision, and vitamin B12 supplementation throughout the intervention period

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Change in Brachial Artery Flow-Mediated Dilation (FMD)
Tijdsspanne: Baseline (pre-intervention), Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12
Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) will be assessed by ultrasound and reported as the percentage increase in brachial artery diameter from the resting pre-occlusion diameter to the peak post-occlusion diameter. FMD is a continuous physiological measurement. Higher FMD percentages indicate greater endothelium-dependent vasodilation and better peripheral endothelial function. Change from baseline will be calculated as the FMD percentage at each post-baseline visit minus the baseline FMD percentage and reported in percentage points.
Baseline (pre-intervention), Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12

Secundaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Change in Cutaneous Microvascular Function
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12
Cutaneous microvascular function will be assessed using laser Doppler flowmetry during standardized local heating. Mean cutaneous vascular conductance during the stable local-heating plateau will be calculated by dividing laser Doppler flux by concurrently measured mean arterial pressure and reported in perfusion units per millimeter of mercury (PU/mmHg). Cutaneous vascular conductance is a continuous physiological measurement. Higher values during local heating indicate greater cutaneous microvascular vasodilatory responsiveness. Change from baseline will be calculated as the value at each post-baseline visit minus the baseline value.
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12
Change in Digital Endothelial Function
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12
Digital endothelial function will be assessed using peripheral arterial tonometry and reported as the Reactive Hyperemia Index (RHI). RHI is a continuous, dimensionless physiological index derived from the post-occlusion digital pulse-amplitude response and normalized to the control finger. RHI has no fixed minimum or maximum. Higher RHI values indicate better digital endothelial function. Change from baseline will be calculated as the value at each post-baseline visit minus the baseline value.
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12
Change in Central Arterial Stiffness
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Central arterial stiffness assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) using the SphygmoCor system. Pulse wave velocity will be analyzed in meters per second, with lower values reflecting lower arterial stiffness.
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Change in Systemic Redox Status
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Plasma aminothiol redox status measured by concentrations of reduced and oxidized aminothiol species, including cysteine, cystine, glutathione, and glutathione disulfide.
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Change in Total cholesterol concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12
Fasting blood total cholesterol concentration will be measured at baseline and each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline concentration minus the baseline concentration and reported in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12
Change in Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12
Fasting blood low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration will be measured at baseline and each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline concentration minus the baseline concentration and reported in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12
Change in High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12
Fasting blood high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration will be measured at baseline and each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline concentration minus the baseline concentration and reported in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12
Change in Triglyceride Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12
Fasting blood triglyceride concentration will be measured at baseline and each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline concentration minus the baseline concentration and reported in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12
Change in Apolipoprotein B Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12
Fasting blood apolipoprotein B (ApoB) concentration will be measured at baseline and each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline concentration minus the baseline concentration and reported in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12
Change in Apolipoprotein A-I Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12
Fasting blood apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) concentration will be measured at baseline and each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline concentration minus the baseline concentration and reported in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12
Change in Lipoprotein(a) Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12
Fasting blood lipoprotein(a) concentration will be measured at baseline and each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline concentration minus the baseline concentration and reported in nanomoles per liter (nmol/L).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12
Change in Blood Glucose Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Fasting blood glucose concentration will be measured at baseline and each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline concentration minus the baseline concentration and reported in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Change in Blood Urea Nitrogen
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) will be measured at baseline and each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline value minus the baseline value and reported in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Change in Blood Creatinine Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Blood creatinine concentration will be measured at baseline and each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline concentration minus the baseline concentration and reported in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Change in Blood Sodium Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Blood sodium concentration will be measured at baseline and each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline concentration minus the baseline concentration and reported in millimoles per liter (mmol/L).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Change in Blood Potassium Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Blood potassium concentration will be measured at baseline and each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline concentration minus the baseline concentration and reported in millimoles per liter (mmol/L).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Change in Blood Chloride Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Blood chloride concentration will be measured at baseline and each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline concentration minus the baseline concentration and reported in millimoles per liter (mmol/L).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Change in Blood Carbon Dioxide Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Blood total carbon dioxide, reflecting serum bicarbonate, will be measured at baseline and each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline concentration minus the baseline concentration and reported in millimoles per liter (mmol/L).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Change in Blood Calcium Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Blood calcium concentration will be measured at baseline and at each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline concentration minus the baseline concentration and reported in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Change in Blood Total Protein Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Blood total protein concentration will be measured at baseline and each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline concentration minus the baseline concentration and reported in grams per deciliter (g/dL).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Change in Total Blood Albumin Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Blood albumin concentration will be measured at baseline and at each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline concentration minus the baseline concentration and reported in grams per deciliter (g/dL).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Change in Total Bilirubin Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Blood total bilirubin concentration will be measured at baseline and each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline concentration minus the baseline concentration and reported in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Change in Alkaline Phosphatase Activity
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Blood alkaline phosphatase activity will be measured at baseline and each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline value minus the baseline value and reported in units per liter (U/L).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Change in Alanine Aminotransferase Activity
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Blood alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity will be measured at baseline and each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline value minus the baseline value and reported in units per liter (U/L).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Change in Aspartate Aminotransferase Activity
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Blood aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity will be measured at baseline and each post-baseline assessment. Change from baseline will be calculated as the post-baseline value minus the baseline value and reported in units per liter (U/L).
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Change in Complete Blood Count With Differential
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Changes in hematologic measures obtained from complete blood count with differential testing.
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Change in Angina Burden and Disease-Specific Quality of Life
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
The Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) is a validated disease-specific patient-reported outcome measure for patients with angina and ischemic heart disease. The SAQ will be used to assess changes in angina burden and disease-specific quality of life during the 12-week plant-based dietary intervention. Higher scores indicate better health status and fewer angina-related limitations.
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Change in Body Weight
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Body weight measured during study visits and home monitoring to evaluate weight stability during the intervention.
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Change in Blood Pressure
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.
Blood pressure measured during study visits and through home monitoring to assess hemodynamic response to the dietary intervention
Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12.

Andere uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Percentage of Prescribed Study Foods Consumed Assessed by ASA24 Dietary Recalls
Tijdsspanne: Day 0 through Week 12
Dietary adherence will be quantified using repeated Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24) recalls. Adherence will be calculated as the proportion of prescribed study foods reported as consumed relative to the foods assigned, expressed as a percentage. Possible values range from 0% to 100%, with higher percentages indicating greater adherence. Average adherence of at least 85% will define adherence for sensitivity analyses.
Day 0 through Week 12
Number of Participants With Animal-Food DNA Detected by FoodSEQ
Tijdsspanne: Day 0 through Week 12
FoodSEQ will be performed on a randomly selected subset of stool specimens to determine whether animal-food-derived DNA is detected. The outcome will be reported as the number of participants with animal-food-derived DNA detected in at least one evaluable specimen. A lower number indicates greater biological corroboration of adherence to the prescribed plant-based diet.
Day 0 through Week 12
Number of Participants Who Complete the 12-Week Intervention
Tijdsspanne: Week 12.
The outcome will be reported as the number of enrolled participants who remain in the study through the end of the 12-week dietary intervention and complete the Week 12 assessment. Participants who withdraw before completing the intervention will not be counted as completers.
Week 12.

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

Emory University

Medewerkers

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)

Onderzoekers

  • Hoofdonderzoeker: Rami Najjar, PhD, Emory University

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Geschat)

1 oktober 2026

Primaire voltooiing (Geschat)

1 januari 2028

Studie voltooiing (Geschat)

1 januari 2028

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

31 augustus 2026

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

9 september 2026

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

15 september 2026

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

15 september 2026

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

9 september 2026

Laatst geverifieerd

1 september 2026

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Trefwoorden

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • 2026P001377
  • 1K99HL181306-01A1 (Subsidie/contract van de Amerikaanse NIH)

Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)

Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?

JA

Beschrijving IPD-plan

De-identified individual participant data underlying the results reported from this study will be shared with qualified researchers through a controlled-access process after publication of the primary results. Shared data may include relevant demographic, clinical, dietary, vascular-function, laboratory, and derived molecular or microbiome data, together with a data dictionary and study protocol, as appropriate. Access will require a scientifically sound proposal, an executed data use agreement, and any applicable institutional or IRB approvals. Sharing will be limited to uses permitted by participant consent and applicable privacy, ethical, legal, and institutional requirements. Direct identifiers will not be shared. Data presenting an unacceptable risk of re-identification, including certain raw genomic or metagenomic files, may be withheld or subject to additional access restrictions.

Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel

Nee

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct

Nee

Deze informatie is zonder wijzigingen rechtstreeks van de website clinicaltrials.gov gehaald. Als u verzoeken heeft om uw onderzoeksgegevens te wijzigen, te verwijderen of bij te werken, neem dan contact op met register@clinicaltrials.gov. Zodra er een wijziging wordt doorgevoerd op clinicaltrials.gov, wordt deze ook automatisch bijgewerkt op onze website .

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