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Effects of Telerehabilitation Versus Supervised Rehabilitation Protocol on Pain, Range of Motion and Functional Recovery in Patients With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome.

2 november 2026 bijgewerkt door: Riphah International University

This study aims to compare the effects of telerehabilitation and supervised rehabilitation protocols on pain, range of motion (ROM), and functional recovery in patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS). The findings will help determine the effectiveness of remote rehabilitation compared to conventional supervised physiotherapy in improving clinical outcomes among PFPS patients.

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Werving

Conditie

Interventie / Behandeling

Gedetailleerde beschrijving

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) is one of the most common musculoskeletal conditions affecting the knee, particularly among physically active individuals and young adults. It is characterized by anterior knee pain that is aggravated during activities such as stair climbing, squatting, running, prolonged sitting, and other weight-bearing tasks. PFPS can lead to reduced physical function, limitations in daily activities, decreased participation in sports, and a lower quality of life. Rehabilitation programs focusing on pain reduction, restoration of range of motion, muscle strengthening, and functional recovery are considered essential components of management.

Recent advances in digital healthcare have increased the use of telerehabilitation as an alternative method for delivering physiotherapy services. Telerehabilitation offers remote access to exercise programs and clinical guidance, making rehabilitation more accessible and convenient for patients. Several studies have reported positive outcomes of both supervised rehabilitation and telerehabilitation in managing musculoskeletal disorders. However, evidence directly comparing the effects of telerehabilitation and supervised rehabilitation for improving pain, range of motion, and functional recovery in individuals with PFPS remains limited and inconsistent.

There is a need for further research to determine whether telerehabilitation can provide outcomes comparable to conventional supervised rehabilitation in patients with PFPS. Addressing this gap may help clinicians make evidence-based decisions regarding rehabilitation delivery methods and improve access to effective treatment for individuals experiencing patellofemoral pain.

Studietype

Ingrijpend

Inschrijving (Geschat)

44

Fase

  • Niet toepasbaar

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studiecontact

Studie Contact Back-up

Studie Locaties

  • Pakistan
    • Punjab Province
      • Lahore, Punjab Province, Pakistan, 54000
        • Werving
        • Riphah International University
        • Contact:
        • Contact:
        • Hoofdonderzoeker:
          • Vaneeza M Jamshaid, DPT

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

20 jaar tot 60 jaar (Volwassen)

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Ja

Geslachten die in aanmerking komen voor studie

Allemaal

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

  • • Participants aged 18-60 years

    • Anterior knee pain for at least 6 months.
    • Presence of retro-patellar or peri-patellar pain lasting more than 6 weeks.
    • Diagnosis of PFPS based on:

Kujala score < 100). Participants were included with PFPS when Kujala (AKPS) score < 85 indicating limitation function limitation in PFPS.

Positive Clarke's Test

• Pain during patellar compression or patellar facet palpation

Exclusion Criteria:

  • • History of knee injury/trauma or lower extremity joint replacement.

    • Systemic diseases: diabetes or rheumatoid arthritis.
    • Synovitis of the knee, degenerative osteoarthritis of the knee, and history of prior chronic knee pain. Having referred pain coming from the lumbar spine, hips, ankles or feet.
    • Athletes or individuals with high physical activity (based on GPAQ).
    • Neurological disorders

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

  • Primair doel: Behandeling
  • Toewijzing: Gerandomiseerd
  • Interventioneel model: Parallelle opdracht
  • Masker: Dubbele

Wapens en interventies

Deelnemersgroep / Arm
Interventie / Behandeling
Experimenteel: Group A

Participants receive a structured 6-week telerehabilitation exercise program delivered remotely under live, real-time video call supervision by a licensed physical therapist (3 sessions per week, total 18 sessions, for 40 mins.

Baseline Protocol (Pre-Exercise):5-10 minutes warm-up walk.10-15 minutes self-applied moist hot pack over anterior knee. Self-stretching exercises for Hamstrings, Quadriceps, Gastrocnemius-Soleus, and Iliotibial band (3 repetitions of 30-second holds each).Pain-free active knee range of motion (flexion and extension) exercises. Exercise Progression Protocol: Week 1 (Muscle Activation & Pain Relief). Week 2 (Subacute Phase - Closed Kinetic Chain & Hip Stability)Week 3 (Intermediate Phase - Dynamic Stability),Week 4 (Advanced Phase - Eccentric Control),Week 5 (Functional Integration),Week 6 (High-Level Function & Discharge Prep): Full depth controlled squats , Stair negotiation drills, Unassisted single-leg squats, and Multi-planar step agility drills.
Ander: Telerehabilitation

The telerehabilitation intervention consists of a structured rehabilitation program delivered remotely through virtual communication platforms. The program includes therapeutic exercises, stretching, strengthening, and functional training designed to reduce pain, improve knee range of motion, and enhance functional recovery in patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome. Participants will receive regular guidance, monitoring, and progression of exercises through remote sessions. Participants receive a structured 6-week telerehabilitation exercise program delivered remotely under live, real-time video call supervision by a licensed physical therapist (3 sessions per week, total 18 sessions, for 40 mins.

Baseline Protocol 5-10 minutes warm-up walk.10-15 minutes self-applied moist hot pack over anterior knee. Self-stretching exercises for Hamstrings, Quadriceps, Gastrocnemius-Soleus, and Iliotibial band (3 repetitions of 30-second holds each).Pain-free active knee range of motion exercises

Andere namen:
  • Tele-rehab Protocol, Digital Physical Therapy Program , Remote Supervised Exercise Program
Experimenteel: Group B

Participants receive face-to-face, in-clinic supervised physical therapy delivered directly by a licensed physical therapist (3 sessions per week ,40 min,total 18 sessions).

Baseline Protocol (Pre-Exercise):

5-10 minutes warm-up walk. 10-15 minutes hot pack surrounding patella). Therapist-assisted passive/active-assisted stretching for Hamstrings, Quadriceps, Gastrocnemius-Soleus, and Iliotibial band (3 repetitions of 20-second holds each).

Pain-free active and active-assisted knee range of motion (flexion and extension) exercises.

Exercise Progression Protocol:

Identical exercise progression framework as the Telerehabilitation group (Weeks 1 to 6 covering SLR, hip abduction, clamshells, squats, lunges, step-ups, step-downs, and single-leg balance), performed in-clinic under direct hands-on physical supervision and guidance.
Ander: Supervised Rehabilitation

Participants receive face-to-face, in-clinic supervised physical therapy delivered directly by a licensed physical therapist (3 sessions per week ,40 min,total 18 sessions).

Baseline Protocol (Pre-Exercise):

5-10 minutes warm-up walk. 10-15 minutes hot pack surrounding patella). Therapist-assisted passive/active-assisted stretching for Hamstrings, Quadriceps, Gastrocnemius-Soleus, and Iliotibial band (3 repetitions of 20-second holds each).

Pain-free active and active-assisted knee range of motion (flexion and extension) exercises.

Exercise Progression Protocol:

Identical exercise progression framework as the Telerehabilitation group (Weeks 1 to 6 covering SLR, hip abduction, clamshells, squats, lunges, step-ups, step-downs, and single-leg balance), performed in-clinic under direct hands-on physical supervision and guidance.

Andere namen:
  • In-Clinic Physiotherapy, Face-to-Face Supervised Rehabilitation

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Numeric Pain Rating Scale
Tijdsspanne: The NPRS Scale will be assessed at baseline (pre-intervention) and after completion of the rehabilitation program. The total intervention duration will be 6 weeks, with sessions conducted 3 times per week.

The NPRS was utilized to assess the patient's pain level. Patients were asked to rate the intensity of their current pain level on an 11-point scale ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (the worst discomfort possible).
The NPRS Scale will be assessed at baseline (pre-intervention) and after completion of the rehabilitation program. The total intervention duration will be 6 weeks, with sessions conducted 3 times per week.
Anterior Knee Pain Scale/ Kujala Score
Tijdsspanne: The Kujala Score will be assessed at baseline (pre-intervention) and after completion of the rehabilitation program. The total intervention duration will be 6 weeks, with sessions conducted 3 times per week.

The Kujala score was originally designed to assess symptoms and functional disability in patients with Patellofemoral dysfunction. The grading system consists of 13 questions about functional features, such as limping, support, walking, stair descending and climbing, squatting, running, jumping, prolonged sitting with knees flexed, pain, swelling, kneecap movement, thigh atrophy, and flexion deficit. The maximum score is 100, and a higher number indicates a better result.
The Kujala Score will be assessed at baseline (pre-intervention) and after completion of the rehabilitation program. The total intervention duration will be 6 weeks, with sessions conducted 3 times per week.
Universal Goniometer for ROM
Tijdsspanne: The ROM will be assessed at baseline (pre-intervention) and after completion of the rehabilitation program. The total intervention duration will be 6 weeks, with sessions conducted 3 times per week.

The universal goniometer is the most often used clinical equipment for measuring ROM. Goniometer demonstrates good intra-rater and inter-rater reliability when used consistently with proper technique. The whole range of joint mobility can be measured in degrees by aligning the goniometer's fixed and moveable arms to specific bony landmarks on either side of the joint, and a universal goniometer is used to measure joint range of motion (ROM).
The ROM will be assessed at baseline (pre-intervention) and after completion of the rehabilitation program. The total intervention duration will be 6 weeks, with sessions conducted 3 times per week.

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

Riphah International University

Medewerkers

Ittefaq Hospital trust

Onderzoekers

  • Hoofdonderzoeker: Vaneeza Jamshaid, DPT, Riphah International University

Publicaties en nuttige links

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Algemene publicaties

Nuttige links

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Werkelijk)

15 oktober 2026

Primaire voltooiing (Geschat)

15 december 2026

Studie voltooiing (Geschat)

30 december 2026

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

2 november 2026

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

2 november 2026

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

6 november 2026

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

6 november 2026

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

2 november 2026

Laatst geverifieerd

1 november 2026

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Trefwoorden

Aanvullende relevante MeSH-voorwaarden

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • Vaneeza Jamshaid RIU

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Nee

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