Fatty Acids, Genes and Microbiota in Fatty Liver
10. mai 2016 oppdatert av: Johane Allard
Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis Versus Simple Hepatic Steatosis: Is There a Difference in the Nutritional Factors Influencing Lipid Perioxidation and Inflammation?
The first aim of this study is to assess oxidative stress and nutritional status in patients with elevated liver enzymes who were found to have either simple steatosis (SS) or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) or normal histological findings on liver biopsy by measuring liver lipid peroxides and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, liver pathology and immunohistochemistry, liver function tests, liver and red blood cell membrane fatty composition, insulin resistance (IR) parameters, plasma lipid peroxides, plasma antioxidant vitamins and antioxidant power, lipid profile, subject demographics, medical history and medication use.
The second aim is to detect differences in hepatic gene expression (messenger RNA, mRNA) and epigenetic regulation (micro RNA, miRNA) between patients with SS or NASH and healthy controls, in addition to determine in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD = SS+NASH combined) whether there is an association between hepatic n-3 PUFA content and gene expression.
The third aim is to determine the intestinal microbiome (microbial composition and metagenome) in patients with SS or NASH and healthy controls.
Studieoversikt
Status
Fullført
Detaljert beskrivelse
NASH is associated with obesity, diabetes and hyperlipidemia. Fat accumulation in the liver is likely due to variable degrees of disordered fatty-acid metabolism and insulin resistance (IR). Liver steatosis, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the liver, increases lipid peroxidation and is associated with a reduction in the antioxidant defense system. This oxidative stress can lead to increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, transforming growth factor-beta) contributing to the development of steatohepatitis and fibrosis.TNF-α - may further contribute to IR. In addition, changes in fatty acid composition within the liver may influence lipid metabolism and inflammation. In particular, n-3 PUFA have an effect on the insulin sensitivity, transcription of antioxidant genes, inflammatory response and production of reactive oxygen species. Differences might be seen on the gene expression level (mRNA) and also in epigenetic regulation (miRNA).
Microbiota composition might influence energy metabolism, and inflammatory tone and IR through increased endotoxemia and therefore could also play a role in the development of NAFLD.
Studietype
Observasjonsmessig
Registrering (Faktiske)
205
Kontakter og plasseringer
Denne delen inneholder kontaktinformasjon for de som utfører studien, og informasjon om hvor denne studien blir utført.
Studiesteder
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Ontario
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Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 1Z5
- Toronto General Hospital
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Deltakelseskriterier
Forskere ser etter personer som passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kalt kvalifikasjonskriterier. Noen eksempler på disse kriteriene er en persons generelle helsetilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.
Kvalifikasjonskriterier
Alder som er kvalifisert for studier
18 år til 70 år (Voksen, Eldre voksen)
Tar imot friske frivillige
Nei
Kjønn som er kvalifisert for studier
Alle
Prøvetakingsmetode
Ikke-sannsynlighetsprøve
Studiepopulasjon
Healthy living liver donors from the Multiorgan transplant program at the University Health Network Patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (SS or NASH on liver biopsy) or patients with elevated liver enzymes but no significant findings on liver biopsy.
Beskrivelse
Inclusion criteria:
- Male and female patients, age >18 y
- A liver biopsy with a diagnosis of SS or NASH OR No signs of steatosis, fibrosis or any other kind of liver disease on histology (minimal findings) OR For healthy control subjects, those with normal liver enzymes and normal liver imaging on ultrasound
- alcohol consumption (<20g of ethanol per day);
- absence of any other possible cause for liver dysfunction.
Exclusion criteria:
- any other liver disease apart from NAFLD
- anticipated need for liver transplantation in one year or complications of liver disease;
- any reasons contraindicating a liver biopsy (patients) or liver donation (healthy donors)
- chronic gastrointestinal diseases, previous gastrointestinal surgery modifying the anatomy, patients with diabetes requiring insulin.
- medications known to precipitate steatohepatitis (corticosteroids, high dose estrogens, methotrexate, amiodarone, spironolactone, sulfasalazine, perhexiline maleate, diethylamino- ethoxyhexestrol (DH), tamoxifen, diethylstilbestrol, naproxen or oxacillin) or regular intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (except for low dose aspirin), use of ursodeoxycholic acid or any experimental drug in the 6 months prior to entry.
- regular intake of prebiotics, probiotics, antibiotics, or laxatives; in the 3 months prior to study entry
- Pregnant or lactating
Studieplan
Denne delen gir detaljer om studieplanen, inkludert hvordan studien er utformet og hva studien måler.
Hvordan er studiet utformet?
Designdetaljer
- Observasjonsmodeller: Kohort
- Tidsperspektiver: Tverrsnitt
Kohorter og intervensjoner
Gruppe / Kohort |
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Healthy controls
Healthy living liver donors with healthy liver on imaging and/or liver histology
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Simple steatosis
Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease confirmed by liver biopsy with a diagnosis of simple steatosis
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Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease confirmed by liver biopsy with a diagnosis of steatohepatitis
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Minimal findings
Patients undergoing liver biopsy because of suspected fatty liver but nonspecific findings on liver histology.
This group was initially used as a control group.
Later in the study, this group was replaced by healthy donors as true healthy controls.
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Hva måler studien?
Primære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Tiltaksbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
|---|---|---|
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Hepatic fatty acid composition in total lipids in liver biopsy
Tidsramme: Baseline
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Gas chromatography
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Baseline
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Hepatic gene expression
Tidsramme: Baseline
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mRNA by microarray
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Baseline
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Intestinal microbiota composition
Tidsramme: Baseline
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Illumina 16S technology
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Baseline
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Sekundære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Tiltaksbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
|---|---|---|
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Lipid peroxides in the liver
Tidsramme: Baseline
|
Test kit
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Baseline
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Hepatic liver antioxidant power
Tidsramme: Baseline
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Test kit
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Baseline
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Hepatic microRNA expression in the liver
Tidsramme: Baseline
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NanoString
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Baseline
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Intestinal microbiota - specific organisms and groups
Tidsramme: Baseline
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Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction
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Baseline
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Intestinal microbiome on a genetic level
Tidsramme: Baseline
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Illumina sequencing technology
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Baseline
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Short-chain fatty acids in stool
Tidsramme: Baseline
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Gas chromatography
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Baseline
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Plasma endotoxin
Tidsramme: Baseline
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Limulus assay
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Baseline
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Andre resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Tiltaksbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
|---|---|---|
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Hepatic phospholipid composition
Tidsramme: Baseline
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Gas chromatography
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Baseline
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Red blood cell fatty acid and phospholipid composition
Tidsramme: Baseline
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Gas chromatography
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Baseline
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Plasma fatty acid composition
Tidsramme: Baseline
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Gas chromatography
|
Baseline
|
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Plasma lipid peroxides
Tidsramme: Baseline
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Test kit
|
Baseline
|
|
Plasma antioxidant vitamins
Tidsramme: Baseline
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Vitamin C colorimetric, alpha- and gamma-tocopherol and beta-carotene by high-performance liquid chromatography
|
Baseline
|
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Serum antioxidant power
Tidsramme: Baseline
|
Test kit
|
Baseline
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TNF-alpha in the liver
Tidsramme: Baseline
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Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
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Baseline
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Immunohistochemistry
Tidsramme: Baseline
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Staining for malondialdehyde, alpha-smooth muscle actin, transforming growth factor beta
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Baseline
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Free choline in serum
Tidsramme: Baseline
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liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-isotope dilution mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-IDMS)
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Baseline
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Bacterial DNA in plasma
Tidsramme: Baseline
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Quantitative polymerase chain reaction for bacterial 16S rDNA
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Baseline
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Insulin resistance
Tidsramme: Baseline
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Fasting glucose and insulin to calculate insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), C-peptide, hemoglobin A1c, all by standard laboratory methods
|
Baseline
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Plasma ethanol
Tidsramme: Baseline
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standard laboratory measurement
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Baseline
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Anthropometry
Tidsramme: Baseline
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Weight, height, skinfolds, bioelectrical impedance analysis
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Baseline
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Food intake
Tidsramme: Baseline
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7-day food records
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Baseline
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Physical activity
Tidsramme: Baseline
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7 day activity logs
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Baseline
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Factors influencing intestinal microbiota
Tidsramme: Baseline
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Environmental questionnaire
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Baseline
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Liver function tests
Tidsramme: Baseline
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Alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, standard laboratory tests
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Baseline
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Samarbeidspartnere og etterforskere
Det er her du vil finne personer og organisasjoner som er involvert i denne studien.
Sponsor
Samarbeidspartnere
Etterforskere
- Hovedetterforsker: Johane Allard, MD,FRCPC, University Health Network, Toronto
Publikasjoner og nyttige lenker
Den som er ansvarlig for å legge inn informasjon om studien leverer frivillig disse publikasjonene. Disse kan handle om alt relatert til studiet.
Generelle publikasjoner
- Schwenger KJ, Allard JP. Clinical approaches to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Feb 21;20(7):1712-23. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i7.1712.
- Monteiro J, Leslie M, Moghadasian MH, Arendt BM, Allard JP, Ma DW. The role of n - 6 and n - 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the manifestation of the metabolic syndrome in cardiovascular disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Food Funct. 2014 Mar;5(3):426-35. doi: 10.1039/c3fo60551e.
- Mouzaki M, Allard JP. The role of nutrients in the development, progression, and treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2012 Jul;46(6):457-67. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0b013e31824cf51e.
- Mouzaki M, Allard J. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: the therapeutic challenge of a global epidemic. Ann Gastroenterol. 2012;25(3):207-217.
- Da Silva HE, Arendt BM, Noureldin SA, Therapondos G, Guindi M, Allard JP. A cross-sectional study assessing dietary intake and physical activity in Canadian patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease vs healthy controls. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2014 Aug;114(8):1181-94. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2014.01.009. Epub 2014 Mar 14.
- Arendt BM, Ma DW, Simons B, Noureldin SA, Therapondos G, Guindi M, Sherman M, Allard JP. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with lower hepatic and erythrocyte ratios of phosphatidylcholine to phosphatidylethanolamine. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2013 Mar;38(3):334-40. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2012-0261. Epub 2012 Oct 15.
- Mouzaki M, Comelli EM, Arendt BM, Bonengel J, Fung SK, Fischer SE, McGilvray ID, Allard JP. Intestinal microbiota in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 2013 Jul;58(1):120-7. doi: 10.1002/hep.26319. Epub 2013 May 14.
- Allard JP, Aghdassi E, Mohammed S, Raman M, Avand G, Arendt BM, Jalali P, Kandasamy T, Prayitno N, Sherman M, Guindi M, Ma DW, Heathcote JE. Nutritional assessment and hepatic fatty acid composition in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a cross-sectional study. J Hepatol. 2008 Feb;48(2):300-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2007.09.009. Epub 2007 Nov 20.
- Arendt BM, Comelli EM, Ma DW, Lou W, Teterina A, Kim T, Fung SK, Wong DK, McGilvray I, Fischer SE, Allard JP. Altered hepatic gene expression in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with lower hepatic n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Hepatology. 2015 May;61(5):1565-78. doi: 10.1002/hep.27695. Epub 2015 Feb 27.
- Pettinelli P, Arendt BM, Schwenger KJP, Sivaraj S, Bhat M, Comelli EM, Lou W, Allard JP. Relationship Between Hepatic Gene Expression, Intestinal Microbiota, and Inferred Functional Metagenomic Analysis in NAFLD. Clin Transl Gastroenterol. 2022 Jul 1;13(7):e00466. doi: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000466. Epub 2022 Feb 10.
Studierekorddatoer
Disse datoene sporer fremdriften for innsending av studieposter og sammendragsresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter og rapporterte resultater gjennomgås av National Library of Medicine (NLM) for å sikre at de oppfyller spesifikke kvalitetskontrollstandarder før de legges ut på det offentlige nettstedet.
Studer hoveddatoer
Studiestart
1. oktober 2003
Primær fullføring (Faktiske)
1. august 2015
Studiet fullført (Faktiske)
1. august 2015
Datoer for studieregistrering
Først innsendt
23. mai 2014
Først innsendt som oppfylte QC-kriteriene
23. mai 2014
Først lagt ut (Anslag)
28. mai 2014
Oppdateringer av studieposter
Sist oppdatering lagt ut (Anslag)
12. mai 2016
Siste oppdatering sendt inn som oppfylte QC-kriteriene
10. mai 2016
Sist bekreftet
1. mai 2016
Mer informasjon
Begreper knyttet til denne studien
Ytterligere relevante MeSH-vilkår
Andre studie-ID-numre
- 03-0505-A
Legemiddel- og utstyrsinformasjon, studiedokumenter
Studerer et amerikansk FDA-regulert medikamentprodukt
Nei
Studerer et amerikansk FDA-regulert enhetsprodukt
Nei
produkt produsert i og eksportert fra USA
Nei
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