Exosomal microRNA in Predicting the Aggressiveness of Prostate Cancer in Chinese Patients
To Investigate the Diagnostic Accuracy of Exosomal microRNA in Predicting the Aggressiveness of Prostate Cancer in Chinese Patients
The prostate gland is a clinically important male accessory sex gland and vital for its production of semen. Prostate cancer (PCa) is now ranked 3th in annual incidence of male cancer and ranked 5th for cancer-related death in men in Hong Kong which accounts for about 10.9 deaths per 100,000 persons. Its incidence is rising rapidly, almost tripled in the past 10 years. Fortunately, with the improvement in awareness of the disease and also increasing use of serum prostate specific antigen for early case identification, many patients are diagnosed at an earlier stage. However, unlike other malignancy, PCa is characterized by its slow progression nature. Therefore, some patients with low grade low volume disease might never suffered from PCa related complications or mortality. As a result, recent year, there is an increase use a more conservative approach, active surveillance (AS), for management of early prostate cancer. The principle of AS is selecting patients with low risk of disease and offered them regular monitoring, instead of radical local therapy, unless patient's cancer was noticed to progressing. By using this approach, patients might avoid possible complications related to treatment. Currently, people could use some clinical parameters, imaging and repeated prostate biopsy to assess and monitor the aggressiveness/ progression of PCa. However, these parameters suffered from defects, such as low correlation to the final PCa pathology or not readily repeatable for patients. Therefore, there is a need to identify more easy, safe and repeatable monitoring of the aggressiveness of prostate cancer.
Exosome is genetic materials secreted by cells and could be measured in various body fluid. There are some studies suggested it is a potential marker for PCa diagnosis and monitoring. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship of urinary exosome and the aggressiveness of prostate cancer.
Studieoversikt
Status
Forhold
Detaljert beskrivelse
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the third most common male cancer in Hong Kong. While the use of serum PSA has greatly improved the proportion of patients diagnosed at localized /early stage, there are also problems of overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Unfortunately, there was still no ideal markers that could help to predict the aggressiveness of PCa, especially in Chinese population. Exosome is an important media for cell-cell interaction. The content of exomsomes, including microRNAs, are believed to have important roles in PCa development and progression, and might also serve as potential markers in PCa management. Therefore, investigators would like to explore the role of exosomal microRNA in the prediction of tumour aggressiveness in local Chinese PCa patients. This is a prospective study divided into two parts. Subjects will be recruited consecutively from two hospitals.
In Part I of the study (Candidate exosomal microRNA discovery and selection), a total of 60 patients from three groups (non-cancer, pathologically insignificant cancer and significant cancer patients) will be recruited. First portion of urine will be collected from them. For Group 2&3 patients, they are patients with clinically localized prostate cancer and planned for radical prostatectomy, urine will be collected before surgery for these two groups. Exosomal RNA will be extracted from urine and microRNAs expression profiles will be determined by next-generation sequencing. Candidate exosomal microRNAs that could differentiate pathological insignificant and significant PCa will be identified for Part II study.
In Part II study (Candidate exosomal microRNAs validation), 180 patients with localized prostate cancer, planned for radical prostatectomy will be recruited. Urine will be again collected before surgery and the level of candidate exosomal microRNAs for each patient will be assessed. The diagnostic accuracy of these candidate exosomal microRNAs on predicting pathological insignificant cancer and also correlation with the final pathology will be assessed.
The primary tasks for Part I study is the identification of potential exosomal microRNAs that could differentiate pathologically insignificant and significant PCa.
The primary task for Part II study is the validation of the ability of those candidate exosomal microRNAs in differentiating pathological insignificant and significant PCa.
Studietype
Registrering (Faktiske)
Kontakter og plasseringer
Studiesteder
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Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Prince of Wales Hospital
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Deltakelseskriterier
Kvalifikasjonskriterier
Alder som er kvalifisert for studier
Tar imot friske frivillige
Kjønn som er kvalifisert for studier
Prøvetakingsmetode
Studiepopulasjon
Beskrivelse
Inclusion Criteria:
For non prostate cancer group
- Male subject with age 45 or above
- No clinical evidence of PCa, serum PSA <4 ng/dl and normal digital rectal examination.
For prostate cancer group
- Male subject with age 45 or above
- Clinically diagnosed to have localized PCa and planned for radical prostatectomy
- No prior systemic therapy for PCa used, including hormonal or chemotherapy.
Exclusion Criteria:
- History of medications usage that can affect serum PSA levels within 6 months of study enrolment.
- History of active urinary tract infection within 1 month of study enrolment.
- History of invasive prostate / bladder treatments within 6 months of study enrolment.
- History of concurrent renal/bladder cancer within 6 months of study enrolment.
Studieplan
Hvordan er studiet utformet?
Designdetaljer
Kohorter og intervensjoner
Gruppe / Kohort |
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Non-prostate cancer subjects
No clinical evidence of prostate cancer
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Subjects with pathologically insignificant prostate cancer
Insignificant prostate cancers were organ confined with tumor volumes less than 0.5 cc and Gleason score < 7.
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Subjects with pathologically significant prostate cancer
Significant cancers are those with either Gleason score > 7, evidences of extra-prostatic extension with positive margins, or seminal vesicles / lymph nodes involvement.
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Hva måler studien?
Primære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Tiltaksbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
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To compare the differences in microRNA expression between non-prostate cancer subjects, pathologically insignificant and significant prostate cancer patients.
Tidsramme: Baseline, one-time point
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Urine will be collected prior to surgery.
The urine sample will then be handled immediately for exosomal RNA extraction (refer to specific methodology).
The extracted exosomal RNA would then be stored for next generation sequencing (NGS).
Results of the 3 groups will then be compared, with reference to literatures findings.
Candidate microRNAs that can differentiate between pathologically significant and insignificant cancer will be selected for Part II study.
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Baseline, one-time point
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To assess the accuracy of selected microRNAs for the differentiation of patients with pathologically insignificant and significant prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy
Tidsramme: Baseline, one-time point
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Urine will be collected prior to surgery.
The urine sample will then be handled immediately for exosomal RNA extraction (refer to specific methodology).
The extracted exosomal RNA would then be stored for next generation sequencing (NGS).
Results of the 3 groups will then be compared, with reference to literatures findings.
Candidate microRNAs that can differentiate betten pathologically significant and insignificant cancer will be selected for Part II study.The preoperative patients and disease parameters, including age, clinical staging, serum PSA level, prostatic biopsy results, MRI findings, together with the prostatectomy pathology will be collected for subsequent data analysis.
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Baseline, one-time point
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Samarbeidspartnere og etterforskere
Sponsor
Publikasjoner og nyttige lenker
Generelle publikasjoner
- Tsoi TH, Chan CF, Chan WL, Chiu KF, Wong WT, Ng CF, Wong KL. Urinary Polyamines: A Pilot Study on Their Roles as Prostate Cancer Detection Biomarkers. PLoS One. 2016 Sep 6;11(9):e0162217. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162217. eCollection 2016.
- Ng CF, Yeung R, Chiu PK, Lam NY, Chow J, Chan B. The role of urine prostate cancer antigen 3 mRNA levels in the diagnosis of prostate cancer among Hong Kong Chinese patients. Hong Kong Med J. 2012 Dec;18(6):459-65.
- Zhang DZ, Lau KM, Chan ES, Wang G, Szeto CC, Wong K, Choy RK, Ng CF. Cell-free urinary microRNA-99a and microRNA-125b are diagnostic markers for the non-invasive screening of bladder cancer. PLoS One. 2014 Jul 11;9(7):e100793. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100793. eCollection 2014.
- Strope SA, Andriole GL. Prostate cancer screening: current status and future perspectives. Nat Rev Urol. 2010 Sep;7(9):487-93. doi: 10.1038/nrurol.2010.120.
- Epstein JI, Walsh PC, Carmichael M, Brendler CB. Pathologic and clinical findings to predict tumor extent of nonpalpable (stage T1c) prostate cancer. JAMA. 1994 Feb 2;271(5):368-74.
- Ploussard G, Epstein JI, Montironi R, Carroll PR, Wirth M, Grimm MO, Bjartell AS, Montorsi F, Freedland SJ, Erbersdobler A, van der Kwast TH. The contemporary concept of significant versus insignificant prostate cancer. Eur Urol. 2011 Aug;60(2):291-303. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2011.05.006. Epub 2011 May 17.
- McKiernan J, Donovan MJ, O'Neill V, Bentink S, Noerholm M, Belzer S, Skog J, Kattan MW, Partin A, Andriole G, Brown G, Wei JT, Thompson IM Jr, Carroll P. A Novel Urine Exosome Gene Expression Assay to Predict High-grade Prostate Cancer at Initial Biopsy. JAMA Oncol. 2016 Jul 1;2(7):882-9. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.0097.
- Dinh KT, Mahal BA, Ziehr DR, Muralidhar V, Chen YW, Viswanathan VB, Nezolosky MD, Beard CJ, Choueiri TK, Martin NE, Orio PF, Sweeney CJ, Trinh QD, Nguyen PL. Incidence and Predictors of Upgrading and Up Staging among 10,000 Contemporary Patients with Low Risk Prostate Cancer. J Urol. 2015 Aug;194(2):343-9. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.02.015. Epub 2015 Feb 11.
- Chiu PK, Lai FM, Teoh JY, Lee WM, Yee CH, Chan ES, Hou SM, Ng CF. Prostate Health Index and %p2PSA Predict Aggressive Prostate Cancer Pathology in Chinese Patients Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy. Ann Surg Oncol. 2016 Aug;23(8):2707-14. doi: 10.1245/s10434-016-5183-6. Epub 2016 Mar 10.
- Schiffer E. Biomarkers for prostate cancer. World J Urol. 2007 Dec;25(6):557-62. doi: 10.1007/s00345-007-0203-6. Epub 2007 Aug 10.
- Laxman B, Tomlins SA, Mehra R, Morris DS, Wang L, Helgeson BE, Shah RB, Rubin MA, Wei JT, Chinnaiyan AM. Noninvasive detection of TMPRSS2:ERG fusion transcripts in the urine of men with prostate cancer. Neoplasia. 2006 Oct;8(10):885-8. doi: 10.1593/neo.06625.
- Ren S, Peng Z, Mao JH, Yu Y, Yin C, Gao X, Cui Z, Zhang J, Yi K, Xu W, Chen C, Wang F, Guo X, Lu J, Yang J, Wei M, Tian Z, Guan Y, Tang L, Xu C, Wang L, Gao X, Tian W, Wang J, Yang H, Wang J, Sun Y. RNA-seq analysis of prostate cancer in the Chinese population identifies recurrent gene fusions, cancer-associated long noncoding RNAs and aberrant alternative splicings. Cell Res. 2012 May;22(5):806-21. doi: 10.1038/cr.2012.30. Epub 2012 Feb 21.
- Gudmundsson J, Sulem P, Gudbjartsson DF, Masson G, Agnarsson BA, Benediktsdottir KR, Sigurdsson A, Magnusson OT, Gudjonsson SA, Magnusdottir DN, Johannsdottir H, Helgadottir HT, Stacey SN, Jonasdottir A, Olafsdottir SB, Thorleifsson G, Jonasson JG, Tryggvadottir L, Navarrete S, Fuertes F, Helfand BT, Hu Q, Csiki IE, Mates IN, Jinga V, Aben KK, van Oort IM, Vermeulen SH, Donovan JL, Hamdy FC, Ng CF, Chiu PK, Lau KM, Ng MC, Gulcher JR, Kong A, Catalona WJ, Mayordomo JI, Einarsson GV, Barkardottir RB, Jonsson E, Mates D, Neal DE, Kiemeney LA, Thorsteinsdottir U, Rafnar T, Stefansson K. A study based on whole-genome sequencing yields a rare variant at 8q24 associated with prostate cancer. Nat Genet. 2012 Dec;44(12):1326-9. doi: 10.1038/ng.2437. Epub 2012 Oct 28.
- Wang G, Chan ES, Kwan BC, Li PK, Yip SK, Szeto CC, Ng CF. Expression of microRNAs in the urine of patients with bladder cancer. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2012 Jun;10(2):106-13. doi: 10.1016/j.clgc.2012.01.001. Epub 2012 Mar 3.
- Kumar B, Lupold SE. MicroRNA expression and function in prostate cancer: a review of current knowledge and opportunities for discovery. Asian J Androl. 2016 Jul-Aug;18(4):559-67. doi: 10.4103/1008-682X.177839.
- Endzelins E, Melne V, Kalnina Z, Lietuvietis V, Riekstina U, Llorente A, Line A. Diagnostic, prognostic and predictive value of cell-free miRNAs in prostate cancer: a systematic review. Mol Cancer. 2016 May 18;15(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s12943-016-0523-5.
- Yu S, Wang X, Ng CF, Chen S, Chan FL. ERRgamma suppresses cell proliferation and tumor growth of androgen-sensitive and androgen-insensitive prostate cancer cells and its implication as a therapeutic target for prostate cancer. Cancer Res. 2007 May 15;67(10):4904-14. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-3855.
- Leung YK, Chan QK, Ng CF, Ma FM, Tse HM, To KF, Maranchie J, Ho SM, Lau KM. Hsa-miRNA-765 as a key mediator for inhibiting growth, migration and invasion in fulvestrant-treated prostate cancer. PLoS One. 2014 May 16;9(5):e98037. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098037. eCollection 2014. Erratum In: PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0214184.
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