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Effects of Prior Exposure to Conflicting Health Information on Responses to Subsequent Unrelated Health Messages

9. november 2020 oppdatert av: University of Minnesota
Many population-level public health strategies-including media campaigns and other behavioral interventions, screening recommendations, and vaccination policies-rely on messaging to promote cancer prevention and control. These strategies do not take place in a vacuum; rather, they occur in the context of a broader public information environment, which is increasingly characterized by conflicting and often controversial health information. Although studies have documented that such information is prevalent, a critical question remains unanswered: does exposure to conflicting health information in people's routine interactions with the broader information environment threaten the success of message-based population-level public health strategies? And, if so, who is most susceptible to the effects of such exposure? This study will provide a rigorous empirical test of these critical answered questions, guided by two specific aims: First, to evaluate whether prior exposure to conflicting health information influences responses to subsequent unrelated and uncontested health messages, a phenomenon that has been described as "carryover effects" (Primary Aim); and second, to identify whether there are individual-level differences in how conflict affects responses to these unrelated and uncontested health messages (Secondary Aim).

Studieoversikt

Status

Fullført

Forhold

Intervensjon / Behandling

Detaljert beskrivelse

To accomplish these aims, an online survey-based experiment using a population-based sample of U.S. adults (anticipated N=1,800) will be conducted. At 2 time points across a 28-day period, participants will be exposed to news stories and social media posts about 6 health topics: mammography screening, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, Vitamin D supplementation, carbohydrate consumption, alcohol consumption, and breastfeeding. Participants will be randomized to 1 of 2 treatment groups that differ only in the amount of conflict presented in these news and social media posts (conflict, no conflict). At a third time point, after the exposure to conflict period, all participants will be exposed to 3 (out of a possible 9) messages from existing health campaigns about 3 behaviors for which there is scientific consensus: fruit and vegetable consumption, colorectal cancer screening, and physical activity. To assess carryover effects (Primary Aim), participants' receptivity to these messages-as measured through several affective and cognitive responses (e.g., confidence in the evidence presented)-will be measured. Message receptivity is expected to be lower among those who were randomized to receive conflicting health information. Individual-level differences in message receptivity are possible; thus exploratory analyses (Secondary Aim) will be conducted to assess whether carryover effects of exposure to conflict may be more pronounced among certain groups (e.g., those with greater trust in media sources, those of lower socioeconomic position).

Studietype

Intervensjonell

Registrering (Faktiske)

6046

Fase

  • Ikke aktuelt

Kontakter og plasseringer

Denne delen inneholder kontaktinformasjon for de som utfører studien, og informasjon om hvor denne studien blir utført.

Studiesteder

  • Forente stater
    • Illinois
      • Chicago, Illinois, Forente stater, 60603
        • NORC at the University of Chicago (online only)

Deltakelseskriterier

Forskere ser etter personer som passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kalt kvalifikasjonskriterier. Noen eksempler på disse kriteriene er en persons generelle helsetilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Kvalifikasjonskriterier

Alder som er kvalifisert for studier

18 år og eldre (Voksen, Eldre voksen)

Tar imot friske frivillige

Ja

Kjønn som er kvalifisert for studier

Alle

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • 18+ U.S. adults
  • Members of NORC's AmeriSpeak Panel (https://amerispeak.norc.org/Pages/default.aspx)
  • Able to complete web-based survey
  • Able to read in English

Exclusion Criteria:

  • None

Studieplan

Denne delen gir detaljer om studieplanen, inkludert hvordan studien er utformet og hva studien måler.

Hvordan er studiet utformet?

Designdetaljer

  • Primært formål: Annen
  • Tildeling: Randomisert
  • Intervensjonsmodell: Parallell tildeling
  • Masking: Dobbelt

Våpen og intervensjoner

Deltakergruppe / Arm
Intervensjon / Behandling
Placebo komparator: No exposure to conflict
Annen: No exposure to conflicting health information
At 2 time points across a ~28-day period, participants will be exposed to news stories and social media posts about 6 health topics: mammography screening, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, Vitamin D supplementation, carbohydrate consumption, alcohol consumption, and breastfeeding. Participants in the no conflict (comparator) group will have no conflicting information included in these news and social media posts.
Eksperimentell: Exposure to conflict
Annen: Exposure to conflicting health information
At 2 time points across a ~28-day period, participants will be exposed to news stories and social media posts about 6 health topics: mammography screening, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, Vitamin D supplementation, carbohydrate consumption, alcohol consumption, and breastfeeding. Participants in the conflict (experimental) group will have conflicting information added to these news and social media posts.

Hva måler studien?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tiltaksbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Negative affective responses
Tidsramme: Up to 42 days
  • Participants are asked to indicate how "the ad you just saw made you feel"
  • 7 affective responses are randomly ordered: interested, frustrated, surprised, annoyed, distressed, optimistic, worried (response options: 1 "very slightly or not at all" to 5 "extremely")
Up to 42 days
Counterarguing
Tidsramme: Up to 42 days

• Participants are asked to indicate the extent to which they agree or disagree with 4 statements (randomly ordered; response options: 1 "strongly disagree" to 5 "strongly agree"):

  • "I found myself agreeing with the ad" (reverse coded)
  • "I thought of points that went against what the ad was saying"
  • "I accepted the ad's claims" (reverse coded)
  • "While reading the ad, I was skeptical of its claims"
Up to 42 days
Reactance/threat to freedom
Tidsramme: Up to 42 days
• Participants are asked to indicate the extent to which they agree or disagree with the following statement (response options: 1 "strongly disagree" to 5 "strongly agree"): "I felt like the ad was trying to manipulate me"
Up to 42 days
Other negative cognitive responses to ad claims
Tidsramme: Up to 42 days
• Participants are asked to indicate whether "the claims in the ad I just saw are" (randomly ordered; response options: 1 "strongly disagree" to 5 "strongly agree"): exaggerated, flawed, believable (reverse coded), reasonable (reverse coded)
Up to 42 days
Perceived argument strength
Tidsramme: Up to 42 days

• Participants are asked to indicate the extent to which they agree or disagree with 2 statements (randomly ordered; response options: 1 "strongly disagree" to 5 "strongly agree"):

  • "The ad was convincing"
  • "The ad gave me a strong reason to [engage in the behavior specified in the ad]"
Up to 42 days
Response efficacy
Tidsramme: Up to 42 days

• Participants are asked to respond to two items, presented in random order:

  • "How confident are you that there is evidence to support the ad's claims?" (1 "not confident at all" to 7 "extremely confident")
  • "How much do you think your health would benefit if you [engaged in the behavior specified in the ad]?" (1 "not at all" to 7 "extremely")
Up to 42 days

Samarbeidspartnere og etterforskere

Det er her du vil finne personer og organisasjoner som er involvert i denne studien.

Sponsor

University of Minnesota

Samarbeidspartnere

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Studierekorddatoer

Disse datoene sporer fremdriften for innsending av studieposter og sammendragsresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter og rapporterte resultater gjennomgås av National Library of Medicine (NLM) for å sikre at de oppfyller spesifikke kvalitetskontrollstandarder før de legges ut på det offentlige nettstedet.

Studer hoveddatoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

20. juli 2020

Primær fullføring (Faktiske)

31. august 2020

Studiet fullført (Faktiske)

31. august 2020

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først innsendt

16. januar 2020

Først innsendt som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

27. januar 2020

Først lagt ut (Faktiske)

30. januar 2020

Oppdateringer av studieposter

Sist oppdatering lagt ut (Faktiske)

10. november 2020

Siste oppdatering sendt inn som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

9. november 2020

Sist bekreftet

1. november 2020

Mer informasjon

Begreper knyttet til denne studien

Andre studie-ID-numre

  • 2019NTLS140
  • R21CA218054 (U.S. NIH-stipend/kontrakt)

Plan for individuelle deltakerdata (IPD)

Planlegger du å dele individuelle deltakerdata (IPD)?

UBESLUTTE

IPD-planbeskrivelse

Within one year of study completion, the final, cleaned, de-identified study dataset may be made available to third-party users under a data-sharing agreement that provides for: 1) a commitment to using the data only for research purposes; 2) a commitment to securing the data using appropriate information technology; and 3) a commitment to destroying or returning the data after analyses are completed. Requests for data sharing will be considered by the investigator team via in-person meetings and approved by consensus; meeting minutes will be taken to ensure transparent decision making and conflict of interest avoidance.

Legemiddel- og utstyrsinformasjon, studiedokumenter

Studerer et amerikansk FDA-regulert medikamentprodukt

Nei

Studerer et amerikansk FDA-regulert enhetsprodukt

Nei

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