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Combined Effects of Rhythmic Breathing and Balance Training on Balance and Trunk Control in Stroke Patients

4. mai 2026 oppdatert av: Riphah International University

Combined Effects of Rhythmic Breathing Exercises and Balance Training on Balance and Trunk Control in Patients With Stroke

The goal of this study is to evaluate the combined effects of rhythmic breathing and balance training on balance, trunk control and postural control in patients with sub-acute stroke. The main questions it aims to answer are:

  • Will there be a difference in combined effects of rhythmic breathing exercises and balance training on balance and trunk control in patients with stroke?
  • Will there be no difference in combined effects of rhythmic breathing exercises and balance training on balance and trunk control in patients with stroke? The participants will be evenly divided into two groups,
  • the experimental group will receive rhythmic breathing exercises along with balance training and conventional physical therapy
  • the control group will only receive balance training and physical therapy. Both the groups will perform their respective exercises for 60 minutes, 3 days a week for consecutive 8 weeks.

Studieoversikt

Status

Rekruttering

Forhold

Intervensjon / Behandling

Detaljert beskrivelse

The aim of this study is to evaluate the combined effects of rhythmic breathing and balance training on balance, trunk control and postural control in sub-acute stroke patients. It will be a single blinded randomized controlled trial. Non-probability convenience sampling will be used to recruit 50 patients aged 45-65 years from Dr. Faisal Masood Teaching Hospital Sargodha. Through the computerized generator table method of randomization, the allocated patients will be evenly divided into two groups, the experimental group undergoing Rhythmic Breathing exercises along with Balance training and conventional physical therapy and the control group only balance training and physical therapy. Both the groups will perform their respective exercises for 60 minutes 3 days a week for consecutive 8 weeks. The stroke patients will be assessed at the baseline and post intervention with outcome measuring tools. Balance will be assessed through Berg Balance Scale (BBS), trunk control will be assessed through Trunk Impairment Scale(TIS), and postural control will be assessed through Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke (PASS). Data will be analyzed in SPSS version 27.0.

Studietype

Intervensjonell

Registrering (Antatt)

50

Fase

  • Ikke aktuelt

Kontakter og plasseringer

Denne delen inneholder kontaktinformasjon for de som utfører studien, og informasjon om hvor denne studien blir utført.

Studiekontakt

Studiesteder

  • Pakistan
    • Punjab Province
      • Sargodha, Punjab Province, Pakistan, 40100
        • Rekruttering
        • Dr. Faisal Masood Teaching Hospital Sargodha
        • Ta kontakt med:
          • Hira Jabeen
        • Hovedetterforsker:
          • Anam Maqbool, MS-PT

Deltakelseskriterier

Forskere ser etter personer som passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kalt kvalifikasjonskriterier. Noen eksempler på disse kriteriene er en persons generelle helsetilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Kvalifikasjonskriterier

Alder som er kvalifisert for studier

  • Voksen
  • Eldre voksen

Tar imot friske frivillige

Nei

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age 45-65 years old
  • Either gender
  • Sub-acute stroke (3-6months)
  • The cognition level of patient according to Mini Mental Score Examination will be >24
  • The trunk control of patient based on Trunk Impairment score is 20 or less than 23
  • First-ever ischemic stroke
  • Ability to tolerate at least 60 min exercise according to berg scale scoring less than 8
  • Agree to sign the written informed consents

Exclusion Criteria:

  • • Severe visual hemianopsia

    • Acute diseases of the heart, brain, kidney and other organs
    • Sensory neuropathy such as diabetic neuropathy
    • Balance dysfunction due to other neurological disorders

Studieplan

Denne delen gir detaljer om studieplanen, inkludert hvordan studien er utformet og hva studien måler.

Hvordan er studiet utformet?

Designdetaljer

  • Primært formål: Behandling
  • Tildeling: Randomisert
  • Intervensjonsmodell: Parallell tildeling
  • Masking: Dobbelt

Våpen og intervensjoner

Deltakergruppe / Arm
Intervensjon / Behandling
Eksperimentell: Rhythmic breathing exercises
Annen: rhythmic breathing exercise

The protocol for Rhythmic Breathing Exercises (22) is given as:

Position: Supine with knees and hips slightly flexed, in a comfortable position Inhalation Phase: Deep inhalation with conscious outward movement of the abdomen; pause and hold for 10 seconds Exhalation Phase: Slow exhalation with conscious abdominal retraction, maintaining a slow and deep rhythm Hand Placement: One hand on the chest, one on the abdomen to monitor movement Breathing Cue: Only the hand on the abdomen should move during breathing; the chest should remain still Repetitions: 3 sets of 10 repetitions Rest Between Sets: 1 minute Total Duration: Limited to 10 minutes

Andre navn:
  • Balansetrening
  • konvensjonell fysioterapi
Annen: Balance training
Sitting-to-Standing: Performed using a stool with 3 sets of 5 repetitions Lateral Stepping: Walk 3 meters back and forth sideways with 3 sets of 5 repetitions Forward and Backward Stepping: 5 times with right leg stepping first, 5 times with left leg stepping first with 3 sets of 5 repetitions Forward Walking: Walk 3 meters back and forth, turn right at one end and left at the other wit 3 sets of 5 repetitions Stepping Up and Down: 5 times with right leg stepping first, 5 times with left leg stepping first with 3 sets of 5 repetitions Throwing and Catching Ball: Using a soft volleyball with 3 sets of 5 repetitions
Annen: conventional physical therapy
Warm-Up: Active/passive ROM exercises for upper and lower limbs, 3 days/week for 10-15 minutes Trunk Control Exercises: Bridging, pelvic tilts, seated trunk rotations, reaching tasks with 3 sets of 5 repetitions for 3 days/week for 20 minutes Strengthening Exercises: Resistance band work for lower limb extensors, upper limb flexors with 3 sets of 5 repetitions for 3 days/week for 15-20 minutes Stretching: Hamstrings, calf, hip flexors, upper trapezius with 3 sets of 5 repetitions for 3 days/week for 10 minutes Postural Control Training: Use of Swiss ball, sitting on unstable surfaces, dual-task exercises with 3 sets of 5 repetitions for 3 days/week for 15-20 minutes Gait Training: Parallel bar walking, overground ambulation, obstacle walking 3 sets of repetitions for 3 days/week for 15-20 minutes Cool Down: Deep breathing, guided relaxation with 3 days/week for 5-10 minutes Education: Fall prevention, safe transfers, home exercise program with weekly session for 10-15 minutes
Aktiv komparator: Balance training and conventional physical therapy
Annen: Balance training
Sitting-to-Standing: Performed using a stool with 3 sets of 5 repetitions Lateral Stepping: Walk 3 meters back and forth sideways with 3 sets of 5 repetitions Forward and Backward Stepping: 5 times with right leg stepping first, 5 times with left leg stepping first with 3 sets of 5 repetitions Forward Walking: Walk 3 meters back and forth, turn right at one end and left at the other wit 3 sets of 5 repetitions Stepping Up and Down: 5 times with right leg stepping first, 5 times with left leg stepping first with 3 sets of 5 repetitions Throwing and Catching Ball: Using a soft volleyball with 3 sets of 5 repetitions
Annen: conventional physical therapy
Warm-Up: Active/passive ROM exercises for upper and lower limbs, 3 days/week for 10-15 minutes Trunk Control Exercises: Bridging, pelvic tilts, seated trunk rotations, reaching tasks with 3 sets of 5 repetitions for 3 days/week for 20 minutes Strengthening Exercises: Resistance band work for lower limb extensors, upper limb flexors with 3 sets of 5 repetitions for 3 days/week for 15-20 minutes Stretching: Hamstrings, calf, hip flexors, upper trapezius with 3 sets of 5 repetitions for 3 days/week for 10 minutes Postural Control Training: Use of Swiss ball, sitting on unstable surfaces, dual-task exercises with 3 sets of 5 repetitions for 3 days/week for 15-20 minutes Gait Training: Parallel bar walking, overground ambulation, obstacle walking 3 sets of repetitions for 3 days/week for 15-20 minutes Cool Down: Deep breathing, guided relaxation with 3 days/week for 5-10 minutes Education: Fall prevention, safe transfers, home exercise program with weekly session for 10-15 minutes

Hva måler studien?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tiltaksbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Berg Balance Scale
Tidsramme: Baseline and 8th week
The BBS is a 14-item measure used to assess functional mobility, static balance, and dynamic balance excluding ambulation. However, BBS scores have also been correlated with stroke patient's motor and functional performance. Scores range on an ordinal scale from zero (indicating need for assistance to minimally perform the task) to four (indicating independent performance of the task); with a maximum possible score of 56. Historically, a score below 45/56 is typically indicative of increased fall risk.
Baseline and 8th week
Trunk Impairment Scale
Tidsramme: Baseline and 8th week
The original version of Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) was developed by in 2004. It comprises 17 items (scored on a 2, 3 or 4-point ordinal scale) and evaluates static and dynamic sitting, balance and trunk coordination. The total score ranges from minimum 0 to maximum 23 points, a higher score indicating a better performance.
Baseline and 8th week
Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke
Tidsramme: Baseline and 8th week
The Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke (PASS) is a scale developed specifically for stroke patients. It examines the patient's ability to maintain or change a given lying, sitting or standing posture, is easy to administer in the clinic and applicable to all patients, even those with very poor postural performance. It contains 12 items of varying difficulty for assessing ability to maintain or change a given lying, sitting, or standing posture. The items are assessed on a 4 level (0-3 point) rating scale. The score ranges from a minimum of 0 (worst performance) to a maximum of 36 (best performance).
Baseline and 8th week

Samarbeidspartnere og etterforskere

Det er her du vil finne personer og organisasjoner som er involvert i denne studien.

Sponsor

Riphah International University

Etterforskere

  • Hovedetterforsker: Hira Jabeen, Riphah International University

Studierekorddatoer

Disse datoene sporer fremdriften for innsending av studieposter og sammendragsresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter og rapporterte resultater gjennomgås av National Library of Medicine (NLM) for å sikre at de oppfyller spesifikke kvalitetskontrollstandarder før de legges ut på det offentlige nettstedet.

Studer hoveddatoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

5. mai 2026

Primær fullføring (Antatt)

5. juli 2026

Studiet fullført (Antatt)

15. juli 2026

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først innsendt

4. mai 2026

Først innsendt som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

4. mai 2026

Først lagt ut (Faktiske)

8. mai 2026

Oppdateringer av studieposter

Sist oppdatering lagt ut (Faktiske)

8. mai 2026

Siste oppdatering sendt inn som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

4. mai 2026

Sist bekreftet

1. mai 2026

Mer informasjon

Begreper knyttet til denne studien

Nøkkelord

Ytterligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre studie-ID-numre

  • REC/RCR & AHS/25/0233

Plan for individuelle deltakerdata (IPD)

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NEI

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Studerer et amerikansk FDA-regulert medikamentprodukt

Nei

Studerer et amerikansk FDA-regulert enhetsprodukt

Nei

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