Physician and Patient Preferences for Cell Therapies in Advanced Solid Tumors

Inclusion Criteria:

• Physicians

Physicians must meet ALL of the following criteria:

1. Hold a valid medical practitioner license issued in the People's Republic of China and currently practice at a medical institution in China;
2. Specialize in medical oncology or another specialty directly involved in the diagnosis and treatment of solid tumors (e.g., thoracic oncology, gastrointestinal oncology, genitourinary oncology, or gynecologic oncology; surgical oncologists or radiation oncologists with prescribing authority for systemic anticancer therapy are also eligible);
3. Hold a professional title of attending physician or above;
4. Have directly participated in systemic treatment decision-making for patients with advanced (unresectable stage III or stage IV) solid tumors within the past 12 months;
5. Have a basic understanding of cell therapies (e.g., CAR-T, TIL, TCR-T, and NK cell therapies) and their therapeutic principles;

6. Participate voluntarily and provide electronic informed consent.

   • Patients

Patients must meet ALL of the following criteria:

1. Aged 18 years or older;
2. Histologically or cytologically confirmed advanced solid tumor (unresectable stage III or stage IV; e.g., non-small cell lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, melanoma, or ovarian cancer);
3. Received at least one prior line of systemic anticancer therapy (chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, or other cellular immunotherapy) in the advanced or metastatic setting;
4. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-2, with adequate cognitive and physical capacity to complete the questionnaire;
5. Able to understand the questionnaire content independently or with assistance from a study coordinator;
6. Participate voluntarily and provide electronic informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Physicians

Physicians meeting ANY of the following criteria will be excluded:

1. Individuals engaged exclusively in basic research without direct involvement in clinical patient care;

2. Individuals unable, for any reason, to understand the questionnaire content or make independent judgments.

   • Patients

Patients meeting ANY of the following criteria will be excluded:

1. Patients who are unaware of their tumor stage or treatment status;
2. Severe cognitive impairment or psychiatric disorders that preclude comprehension of the questionnaire content or independent judgment;
3. Estimated life expectancy of less than 3 months as assessed by the treating physician, or insufficient physical capacity to complete the questionnaire;
4. Uncontrolled acute illness or other urgent medical conditions that make study participation inadvisable.