Efficacy and Safety Comparison of Azilsartan Medoxomil to Valsartan in Participants With Essential Hypertension

A Double-Blind, Randomized, Parallel-Group Study to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of TAK-491 With Valsartan in Subjects With Essential Hypertension

The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of TAK-491 (azilsartan medoxomil), once daily (QD), to valsartan in participants with essential hypertension.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Hypertension
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Drug: Valsartan

Detailed Description

Hypertension affects approximately 50 million individuals in the United States. As the population ages, the prevalence of hypertension will continue to increase if broad and effective preventive measures are not implemented. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), hypertension is the most common attributable cause of preventable death in developed nations, as uncontrolled hypertension greatly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, and renal failure. Despite the availability of antihypertensive treatments, hypertension remains inadequately controlled; only about one-third of patients continue to maintain control successfully.

This study is being conducted to determine whether administration of azilsartan medoxomil in subjects with essential hypertension is more efficacious in reducing systolic blood pressure than valsartan.

Study participation is anticipated to be approximately 7 months. Outside of the study center, participants will be required to wear an ambulatory blood pressure monitoring device at 24 hour intervals.

Following completion of the 6-month double-blind treatment period, all available subjects will be offered the option to continue in a 28-week extension study with open-label azilsartan medoxomil 40 mg.

For the extension study, participants will take azilsartan medoxomil 40 mg, tablets, orally, once daily for up to 28 weeks. Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg or 25 mg or any other antihypertensive (except angiotensin II receptor blockers) may be added in a step-wise fashion to maintain blood pressure within target <140/90 mmHg for non-diabetic subjects and <130/80 mmHg for diabetic subjects

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 984
• Phase: Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Chile
  • Santiago, Chile
  • Temuco, Chile
• Mexico
  • Cabo San Lucas, Mexico
  • Colonia Escandon, Mexico
  • Culiacan, Mexico
  • Mexico City, Mexico
  • Monterrey Nuevo Leon, Mexico
  • Morelia, Mexico
  • Queretaro, Mexico
• Peru
  • Chiclayo, Peru
  • Lima, Peru
• United States
  • Alabama
    • Huntsville, Alabama, United States
  • Arizona
    • Glendale, Arizona, United States
    • Phoenix, Arizona, United States
    • Scottsdale, Arizona, United States
    • Tuscon, Arizona, United States
  • California
    • Beverly Hills, California, United States
    • Burbank, California, United States
    • La Jolla, California, United States
    • Long Beach, California, United States
    • Los Angeles, California, United States
    • Paramount, California, United States
    • San Diego, California, United States
    • Santa Monica, California, United States
    • Spring Valley, California, United States
    • Tustin, California, United States
    • Vista, California, United States
    • Westlake Village, California, United States
  • Connecticut
    • Ridgefield, Connecticut, United States
  • Delaware
    • Newark, Delaware, United States
  • District of Columbia
    • Washington, District of Columbia, United States
  • Florida
    • DeLand, Florida, United States
    • Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States
    • Hollywood, Florida, United States
    • Inverness, Florida, United States
    • Jacksonville, Florida, United States
  • Idaho
    • Boise, Idaho, United States
  • Illinois
    • Chicago, Illinois, United States
    • Gurnee, Illinois, United States
    • Morton, Illinois, United States
    • Park Ridge, Illinois, United States
  • Indiana
    • Avon, Indiana, United States
    • Bloomington, Indiana, United States
  • Kentucky
    • Crestview Hills, Kentucky, United States
  • Maryland
    • Baltimore, Maryland, United States
    • Columbia, Maryland, United States
  • Massachusetts
    • Brockton, Massachusetts, United States
    • West Yarmouth, Massachusetts, United States
  • Michigan
    • Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
  • Missouri
    • Florissant, Missouri, United States
    • Kansas City, Missouri, United States
    • St. Peters, Missouri, United States
    • Washington, Missouri, United States
    • Wentzville, Missouri, United States
  • North Carolina
    • Charlotte, North Carolina, United States
    • Salisbury, North Carolina, United States
    • Shelby, North Carolina, United States
  • Ohio
    • Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
    • Delaware, Ohio, United States
    • Mogadore, Ohio, United States
    • Willoughby Hills, Ohio, United States
    • Zanesville, Ohio, United States
  • Oklahoma
    • Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
  • Oregon
    • Eugene, Oregon, United States
    • Portland, Oregon, United States
  • Pennsylvania
    • Bridgeville, Pennsylvania, United States
    • Downingtown, Pennsylvania, United States
    • Jenkintown, Pennsylvania, United States
    • Lansdale, Pennsylvania, United States
  • South Carolina
    • Charleston, South Carolina, United States
    • Spartanburg, South Carolina, United States
  • Tennessee
    • Kingsport, Tennessee, United States
  • Texas
    • Austin, Texas, United States
    • Dallas, Texas, United States
    • Fort Worth, Texas, United States
    • Houston, Texas, United States
    • Pearland, Texas, United States
    • Rosenberg, Texas, United States
    • San Antonio, Texas, United States
  • Utah
    • Riverton, Utah, United States
    • Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
    • West Jordan, Utah, United States
  • Virginia
    • Arlington, Virginia, United States
    • Burke, Virginia, United States
    • Norfolk, Virginia, United States
  • Washington
    • Lakewood, Washington, United States
    • Port Richard, Washington, United States
  • Wisconsin
    • Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin, United States

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria

1. Essential hypertension (defined as sitting trough clinic systolic blood pressure between 150 and 180 mm Hg inclusive at Day minus 1 and 24-hour mean systolic blood pressure between 130 and 170 mm Hg inclusive at Day 1).
2. Females of childbearing potential who are sexually active must agree to use adequate contraception, and can neither be pregnant nor lactating from Screening throughout the duration of the study.
3. Clinical laboratory evaluations (including clinical chemistry, hematology, and complete urinalysis) within the reference range for the testing laboratory or the results are deemed not clinically significant for inclusion into this study by the investigator.
4. Willing to discontinue current antihypertensive medications at the Screening Day minus 21 visit. If the subject is on amlodipine prior to Screening, the subject is willing to discontinue this medication at Screening Day minus 28.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Sitting trough clinic diastolic blood pressure greater than 114 mm Hg at Day minus 1.
2. The subject has a baseline 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitor reading of insufficient quality.
3. Is required to take or continues taking any disallowed medication, prescription medication, herbal treatment or over-the counter medication that may interfere with evaluation of the study medication.
4. Hypersensitive to angiotensin II receptor blockers.
5. Recent history (within the last 6 months) of myocardial infarction, heart failure, unstable angina, coronary artery bypass graft, percutaneous coronary intervention, hypertensive encephalopathy, cerebrovascular accident, or transient ischemic attack.
6. Clinically significant cardiac conduction defects (eg, 3rd degree atrioventricular block, left bundle branch block, sick sinus syndrome, atrial fibrillation or flutter).
7. Hemodynamically significant left ventricular outflow obstruction due to aortic valvular disease.
8. Secondary hypertension of any etiology.
9. Non-compliant (less than 70% or greater than 130%) with study medication during placebo run-in period.
10. Severe renal dysfunction or disease (based on calculated creatinine clearance less than 30 mL per min/1.73m2) at Screening.
11. Known or suspected unilateral or bilateral renal artery stenosis.
12. History of drug or alcohol abuse within the past 2 years.
13. Previous history of cancer that has not been in remission for at least 5 years prior to the first dose of study drug. (This criterion does not apply to those subjects with basal cell or Stage 1 squamous cell carcinoma of the skin).
14. Type 1 or poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (glycosylated hemoglobin greater than 8.0%) at Screening.
15. Hyperkalemia as defined by the central laboratory normal reference range at Screening.
16. Upper arm circumference less than 24 cm or greater than 42 cm.
17. Works night (3rd) shift (defined as 11PM to 7AM).
18. Alanine aminotransferase level of greater than 2.5 times the upper limit of normal, active liver disease, or jaundice at Screening.
19. Currently is participating in another investigational study or has participated in an investigational study within 30 days prior to randomization.
20. Any other serious disease or condition at Screening (or Randomization) that would compromise subject safety, might affect life expectancy, or make it difficult to successfully manage and follow the subject according to the protocol.
21. Randomized in a previous azilsartan medoxomil study.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Azilsartan Medoxomil 40 mg QD	Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan Medoxomil 20 mg, tablets, orally, once daily for 2 weeks; titrated to 40 mg, tablets, orally, once daily for up to 22 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan Medoxomil 20 mg, tablets, orally, once daily for 2 weeks; titrated to 80 mg, tablets, orally, once daily for up to 22 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491
Experimental: Azilsartan Medoxomil 80 mg QD	Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan Medoxomil 20 mg, tablets, orally, once daily for 2 weeks; titrated to 40 mg, tablets, orally, once daily for up to 22 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan Medoxomil 20 mg, tablets, orally, once daily for 2 weeks; titrated to 80 mg, tablets, orally, once daily for up to 22 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491
Active Comparator: Valsartan 320 mg QD	Drug: Valsartan; Valsartan 80 mg, tablets, orally, once daily for 2 weeks; titrated to 320 mg, tablets, orally, once daily for up to 22 weeks.; Other Names: Diovan

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change From Baseline in 24-hour Mean Systolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in 24-hour mean systolic blood pressure measured at week 24 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. The 24-hour mean is the average of all measurements recorded for 24 hours after dosing.	Baseline and Week 24.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change From Baseline in Mean Trough Clinic Sitting Systolic Blood Pressure.	The change in mean trough clinic sitting systolic blood pressure measured at final visit or week 24 relative to baseline. Systolic blood pressure is the arithmetic mean of the 3 trough sitting systolic blood pressure measurements.	Baseline and Week 24.
Change From Baseline in Daytime (6am to 10 pm) Mean Systolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in daytime (6am to 10pm) mean systolic blood pressure measured at week 24 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. Daytime mean is the average of all measurements recorded between the hours of 6 am and 10 pm.	Baseline and Week 24.
Change From Baseline in the Nighttime (12 am to 6 am) Mean Systolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in nighttime (12am to 6am) mean systolic blood pressure measured at week 24 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. Nighttime mean is the average of all measurements recorded between the hours of 12 am and 6 am.	Baseline and Week 24.
Change From Baseline in the Nighttime (12 am to 6 am) Mean Diastolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in nighttime (12am to 6am) mean diastolic blood pressure measured at week 24 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. Nighttime mean is the average of all measurements recorded between the hours of 12 am and 6 am.	Baseline and Week 24.
Change From Baseline in the Trough (22-24-hr) Mean Systolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in trough mean systolic blood pressure measured at week 24 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. The trough mean is the average of all measurements recorded from 22 to 24 hours after dosing.	Baseline and Week 24.
Change From Baseline in the Trough (22-24-hr) Mean Diastolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in trough mean diastolic blood pressure measured at week 24 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. The trough mean is the average of all measurements recorded from 22 to 24 hours after dosing.	Baseline and Week 24.
Change From Baseline in the 24-hour Mean Diastolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in 24-hour mean diastolic blood pressure measured at week 24 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. The 24-hour mean is the average of all measurements recorded for 24 hours after dosing.	Baseline and Week 24.
Change From Baseline in Mean Trough Clinic Sitting Diastolic Blood Pressure	The change in mean trough clinic sitting diastolic blood pressure measured at final visit or week 24 relative to baseline. Diastolic blood pressure is the arithmetic mean of the 3 trough sitting systolic blood pressure measurements.	Baseline and Week 24.
Change From Baseline in Daytime (6am to 10 pm) Mean Diastolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in daytime (6am to 10pm) mean systolic blood pressure measured at week 24 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. Daytime mean is the average of all measurements recorded between the hours of 6 am and 10 pm.	Baseline and Week 24.
Change From Baseline in the 12-hour Mean Systolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in the 12-hour mean systolic blood pressure measured at week 24 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. The 12-hour mean is the average of all measurements recorded in the first 12 hours after dosing.	Baseline and Week 24.
Change From Baseline in the 12-hour Mean Diastolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in the 12-hour mean diastolic blood pressure measured at week 24 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. The 12-hour mean is the average of all measurements recorded in the first 12 hours after dosing.	Baseline and Week 24.
Percentage of Participants Who Achieve a Clinic Systolic Blood Pressure Response, Defined as < 140 mm Hg and/or Reduction From Baseline ≥ 20 mm Hg.	Percentage of participants who achieve a clinic systolic blood pressure response measured at week 24, defined as less than 140 mm Hg and/or reduction from baseline of greater than or equal to 20 mm Hg. Systolic blood pressure is the arithmetic mean of the 3 trough sitting systolic blood pressure measurements.	Baseline and Week 24.
Percentage of Participants Who Achieve a Clinic Diastolic Blood Pressure Response, Defined as < 90 mm Hg and/or Reduction From Baseline ≥ 10 mm Hg.	Percentage of participants who achieve a clinic diastolic blood pressure response measured at week 24, defined as less than 90 mm Hg and/or reduction from baseline of greater than or equal to 10 mm Hg. Diastolic blood pressure is the arithmetic mean of the 3 trough sitting diastolic blood pressure measurements.	Baseline and Week 24.
Percentage of Participants Who Achieve Both a Clinic Diastolic and Systolic Blood Pressure Response.	Percentage of participants who achieve both a clinic diastolic and systolic blood pressure response measured at week 24, defined as less than 90 mm Hg and/or reduction from baseline of greater than or equal to 10 mm Hg AND less than 140 mm Hg and/or reduction from baseline of greater than or equal to 20 mm Hg. Diastolic and systolic blood pressure is based on the arithmetic mean of the 3 sitting blood pressure measurements.	Baseline and Week 24.

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Takeda

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Sica D, White WB, Weber MA, Bakris GL, Perez A, Cao C, Handley A, Kupfer S. Comparison of the novel angiotensin II receptor blocker azilsartan medoxomil vs valsartan by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2011 Jul;13(7):467-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-7176.2011.00482.x. Epub 2011 Jun 20.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: December 1, 2007
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 1, 2009
• Study Completion (Actual): March 1, 2010

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 27, 2007
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 27, 2007
• First Posted (Estimate): January 11, 2008

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): February 2, 2012
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 31, 2012
• Last Verified: January 1, 2012

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Blood pressure; blood pressure monitoring, ambulatory
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Cardiovascular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Hypertension; Essential Hypertension; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Antihypertensive Agents; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Valsartan; Azilsartan medoxomil
• Other Study ID Numbers: TAK-491_301; U1111-1113-9238 (Registry Identifier: WHO)