Ezetimibe in Patients Hypo-responsive to Statins

Atorvastatin vs. Atorvastatin/Ezetimibe in Patients With Hypo-response to Initial Dose Statin Therapy

Response to statin therapy for elevated low density lipoprotein is variable and may be influenced by cholesterol absorption. This study will evaluate whether combination therapy with atorvastatin/ezetimibe will be superior to atorvastatin alone in subjects who have less than 25% LDL reduction on starting dose statin (eg, atorvastatin 10 mg daily or simvastatin 20 mg daily).

Study Overview

• Status: Terminated
• Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease; High Cholesterol
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Ezetimibe; Drug: Atorvastatin

Detailed Description

Specific Aim 1 To identify a patient population seen in the University of California, San Diego general internal medicine and cardiology subspecialty clinics as well as referrals from community physicians who are hyporesponsive to statin therapy (defined as an initial LDL reduction of <25% in response to 10mg of atorvastatin or 20mg of simvastatin- expected mean reduction is 35% -37% for starting dose simvastatin and atorvastatin).

Specific Aim 2 To test the hypothesis, with a prospective study, that a hyporesponse to statin therapy may be related to increased cholesterol absorption, and that this hyporesponse may be overcome by the addition of ezetimibe, a specific cholesterol absorption inhibitor.

Specific Aim 3 To evaluate whether patients with less than 25% LDL reduction on 10 mg of atorvastatin (or 20 mg of simvastatin) would achieve significantly greater LDL reduction with combination therapy (atorvastatin/ezetimibe) than with statin dose titration (using atorvastatin).

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 2
• Phase: Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • California
    • San Diego, California, United States, 92103
      • UCSD Medical Center in Hillcrest Clinical Trials Facility

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 80 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients will need to have an LDL-C level of 130 mg/dl or greater without treatment.
• They must have demonstrated an initial LDL-C reduction of less than 25% on 10 mg of atorvastatin or 20 mg of simvastatin.
• Eligible patients will be those deemed by their physicians to be eligible for lipid lowering therapy with a statin and to have stable CAD, CAD equivalent per NCEP guidelines, or Framingham risk of 10-20%.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Recent (<3 months) diagnosis of Acute Coronary Syndromes due to ethical considerations [10].
• Pregnant patients, those planning to become pregnant, or those who are breast feeding, those with liver disease, history allergic reaction to any agent used in the trial, history of myositis, myopathy, pancreatitis, hypertriglyceridemia (TG > 400 mg/dL), history of significant alcohol or drug abuse, history of organ transplantation, or patient refusal.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Placebo Comparator: Atorvastatin	Drug: Atorvastatin; Visit 1: (atorvastatin open label challenge): Those who complete the initial screening and washout period will receive open label atorvastatin 10 mg daily for 6 weeks to verify compliance and confirm hyporesponse to statin therapy. Visit 2: After 6 weeks of therapy repeat baseline fasting cholesterol. Those with LDL-c reduction of 25% or less will be able to proceed to next phase. Patients with greater than 25% LDL-C reduction will be excluded. We expect to randomize 80 patients Visit 2a: Dispensing of first randomized drug allocation- all patients receive open label atorvastatin 10 mg with additional ezetimibe 10 mg or matching placebo. No blood test during this visit. Visit 3, 4, 5: Dose titration to atorvastatin to 20 mg, 40 mg, 80 mg, respectively, after fasting blood test Blood collected in visits 3, 4, and 5 will be stored for additional tests regarding cholesterol metabolism and inflammation. Visit 6: Final cholesterol panel and conclusion of study period
Experimental: Atorvastatin/Ezetimibe	Drug: Ezetimibe; 10 mg; Other Names: Lipitor; Zetia; Drug: Atorvastatin; Visit 1: (atorvastatin open label challenge): Those who complete the initial screening and washout period will receive open label atorvastatin 10 mg daily for 6 weeks to verify compliance and confirm hyporesponse to statin therapy. Visit 2: After 6 weeks of therapy repeat baseline fasting cholesterol. Those with LDL-c reduction of 25% or less will be able to proceed to next phase. Patients with greater than 25% LDL-C reduction will be excluded. We expect to randomize 80 patients Visit 2a: Dispensing of first randomized drug allocation- all patients receive open label atorvastatin 10 mg with additional ezetimibe 10 mg or matching placebo. No blood test during this visit. Visit 3, 4, 5: Dose titration to atorvastatin to 20 mg, 40 mg, 80 mg, respectively, after fasting blood test Blood collected in visits 3, 4, and 5 will be stored for additional tests regarding cholesterol metabolism and inflammation. Visit 6: Final cholesterol panel and conclusion of study period

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
LDL-C Reduction	Study was not analyzed as only 2 subjects were enrolled and the study was terminated due to lack of enrollment.	6 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
LDL-C Reduction as Well as Changes in TG, HDL, and Non-HDL Cholesterol.	24 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of California, San Diego
• Collaborators: Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Ori Ben-Yehuda, MD, UCSD

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: September 1, 2009
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 1, 2011
• Study Completion (Actual): September 1, 2012

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 24, 2009
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 24, 2009
• First Posted (Estimate): August 25, 2009

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): August 21, 2019
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 1, 2019
• Last Verified: August 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Myocardial Ischemia; Heart Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Metabolic Diseases; Arteriosclerosis; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Coronary Disease; Lipid Metabolism Disorders; Hyperlipidemias; Dyslipidemias; Coronary Artery Disease; Hypercholesterolemia; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Enzyme Inhibitors; Antimetabolites; Anticholesteremic Agents; Hypolipidemic Agents; Lipid Regulating Agents; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Atorvastatin; Ezetimibe
• Other Study ID Numbers: 090948