Ankle Brachial Index Versus Conventional Cardiac Risk Indices

Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) Versus Conventional Cardiac Risk Indices To Predict Cardiac Affection In High Risk Patients Under General Anesthesia

the applicability of ankle brachial index (ABI) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) measurement as cardiovascular risk prediction models during hospital stay in elderly patients undergoing vascular surgery.

Study Overview

• Status: Unknown
• Conditions: Anesthesia

Detailed Description

A major public health challenge is therefore to accurately identify, in an apparently healthy population, those who are at high risk and to target prevention at these individuals. Although primary prevention measures, including aspirin, have been suggested for all individuals with an estimated intermediate to high cardiovascular risk of 2% per year, the best method of identifying such individuals has not been established. In addition, models based on conventional risk factors have been shown to have limited predictability and several restrictions. They were not designed for people with preexisting cardiovascular disease (CVD), and when risk factors are at extreme levels, the equations may underestimate or overestimate risk. In this regard, interest is increasing in the use of noninvasive markers that allow the identification of sub-clinical atherosclerosis, including the ankle brachial index (ABI), ratio of ankle to arm systolic blood pressure). Although quick and easy to perform with a high patient acceptability, the ABI was originally used to identify lower-limb atherosclerosis. However, it has subsequently been shown to be an accurate and reliable marker of generalized atherosclerosis. Cohort studies between 5 and 10 years of follow-up have shown that people with a low ABI have an increased risk of both cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. They have previously reported that the 5-year incidence of total cardiovascular events in subjects with an ABI ˂ 0.9 was almost twice that in subjects with an ABI ˃ 0.9 Furthermore, examination of positive predictive values showed that a low ABI was better at predicting risk of future cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events than conventional risk factors alone.

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a cardiac neuro-hormone secreted from membrane granules in the cardiac ventricles as a response to ventricular volume expansion and pressure overload. The natriuretic peptide system allows the heart to participate in the regulation of vascular tone and extracellular volume status. The natriuretic peptide system and the renin angiotensin system counteract each other in arterial pressure regulation. Levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) are elevated in cardiac disease states associated with increased ventricular stretch. The main circulating and storage form of BNP is 32 amino acid peptide with a ring structure. Physiological actions of BNP are mediated through a guanylate cyclase-linked receptor, natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPR-A). BNP produces arterial and venous vasodilatation. Clearance of BNP is promoted by a natriuretic peptide receptor C (NPR-C) which removes it from the circulation and BNP is also degraded through enzymatic cleavage by neutral endopeptidase. BNP levels are reflective of left ventricular diastolic filling pressures and thus correlate with pulmonary capillary wedge pressure.

BNP levels have been shown to be elevated in patients with symptomatic left ventricular dysfunction and correlate with New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification and prognosis.

Based on the available information a BNP < 100 pg/ml, allows clinicians to exclude heart failure as a cause of the patients' symptoms or physical exam signs in most circumstances BNP levels have been shown to predict long term mortality in patients with heart failure, independent of other established prognostic variable

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 100

Contacts and Locations

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 60 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

elderly patients, undergoing vascular surgery in the lower half of the body under general anesthesia

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients 60 years or older
• American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) III or IV
• Operation in the lower half of the body

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patient refusal
• Patient with acute cardiac condition (MI, recent MI ,sever valve lesion or heart failure)

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

1

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
vascular surgery group; Elderly patients undergoing vascular surgery in the lower half of the body

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
myocardial ischemia	incidence of myocardial ischemia after operation	up to 7 days postoperative

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
myocardial infarction	incidence of myocardial infarction after operation	up to 7 days postoperative
mortality	incidence of mortality related to cardiac problems	up to 7 days postoperative

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Assiut University
• Investigators: Study Director: Esam Abd Allah, Assiut University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Anticipated): May 1, 2017
• Primary Completion (Anticipated): May 1, 2018
• Study Completion (Anticipated): May 1, 2018

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 18, 2017
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 20, 2017
• First Posted (Actual): April 21, 2017

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 21, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 20, 2017
• Last Verified: April 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: IRB0000

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED