Recovery, Fatigability, and Proteomic Response to Aerobic Exercise Training in Healthy Individuals

May 14, 2019 updated by: George Mason University

The purpose of this protocol is to investigate the role of expired non-metabolic carbon dioxide in the relationship between fatigability and recovery and the response to aerobic exercise training in healthy individuals. Both fatigability and recovery are profoundly influenced by mitochondrial energetics which can be inhibited by ionic by-product accumulation during exercise. Buffering mechanisms of these fatigue-inducing ions releases non-metabolic carbon dioxide (CO2) that can be measured as expired CO2 (VCO2) during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), however the role of non-metabolic VCO2 in the relationship between fatigability and recovery has yet to be investigated.

Furthermore, this study aims to identify the how the patterns of proteins in healthy individuals respond to aerobic exercise training (e.g. stationary cycling) over approximately one month. The underlying mechanisms of recovery after physical activity, including mechanisms or biological pathways that could be highlighted by analysis of proteins in urine, could add to scientific knowledge regarding physical activity tolerance and potential exercise interventions. This knowledge could eventually assist with designing precise and personalized exercise interventions to improve physical activity performance.

The investigators hypothesize that 1) non-metabolic CO2 will be at least moderately associated with the inverse relationship between fatigability and recovery; and 2) highly active adults, compared to sedentary individuals, will exhibit differential proteomic patterns in response to an initial acute bout and subsequent repeated bouts of aerobic exercise.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Subjects will be recruited from the greater Washington D.C. metro area by word of mouth, university classes, healthcare provider referral, social media posting, and by posted fliers. Healthy males and females as determined by the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire Plus (PARQ+) will qualify to participate, regardless of their fitness level. The study design and participation will be explained to those who are potentially interested in participating in the study. Individuals interested in participating as subjects will complete the PARQ+ and those answering "no" to all of the PARQ+ questions will qualify for inclusion. Those answering "yes" to one or more of the questions will be asked follow-up questions to determine if they meet inclusion/exclusion criteria. Subjects will then be consented and enrolled for participation.

Visit 1: Subjects meeting all inclusion criteria and no exclusion criterion will be consented and enrolled in the study. Subjects will then complete the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) to describe their current levels of physical activity. Height and weight measurements of the subject will also be taken. Subjects will then complete a standard peak cardiopulmonary exercise test (pkCPET) to volitional exhaustion with near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) assessment of muscle oxygenation and microvascular reactivity, bioimpedance cardiographic (ZCG) assessment of cardiac output and stroke volume, and electrocardiographic (EKG) measurement of heart rate (HR) at rest and during exercise. After a 10-minute passive recovery period, subjects will perform an endurance based CPET (enCPET) at intensity of 70% of the peak wattage reached during the pkCPET, again to volitional exhaustion followed by a final 10-minute passive recovery period to conclude day one of testing.

Visit 2: Subjects will complete a submaximal square-wave test (swCPET) for measurement of oxygen on-kinetics. After a 10-minute recovery period, subjects will complete the same enCPET they performed during Visit 1 testing. This testing will again be followed by a 10-minute recovery period. EKG measurements of HR will be taken during exercise and rest periods. Subjects will receive a urine collection cup to be used prior to visit 3. Subjects will be asked to collect approximately 75-90 mL of urine on the morning of Visit 3 to provide upon arrival. Subjects will be asked to log food intake using the form described below for 48 hours, starting 24 hours prior to Visit 3.

Visits 3-19: On days 3-19, subjects will complete a continuous high intensity aerobic exercise training (AET) protocol. Subjects will warm up for approximately 5-minutes, exercise within their predetermined HR range for 45 minutes, followed by a 5-10 min recovery period. HR will be monitored using a Polar chest strap worn by the subject and a paired watch and the heart rate reading on the cycle ergometer monitored by the investigators. The entire training session will take approximately 60 minutes. Following Visit 3, subjects will be provided with a 2nd urine sample cup and asked to collect a "first-morning" urine sample (75-90mL) at home on the day after visit 3. Subjects will be asked to provide subsequent first-morning midstream urine samples at home on the morning of and the morning after visits 7, 11, 15, and 19 (10 total urine samples). Subjects will be provided with a copy of their initial food log and asked to repeat their nutritional intake for the same timeframe as the initial sample for each subsequent sample (24 hours prior to pre-exercise sample until post-exercise sample).

Visit 20: Subjects will repeat the same procedures performed at Visit 1 including a pkCPET, 10-minute recovery, enCPET, 10-minute recovery, in that order. NIRS, ZCG, and EKG again will be collected throughout both the active and recovery portions of the testing.

Visit 21: Subjects will repeat the same procedures performed on day two of testing including a swCPET, 10-minute recovery, enCPET, 10-minute recovery, in the order. EKG data will again be collected during the active and recovery portions of the testing.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

21

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Virginia
      • Fairfax, Virginia, United States, 22030
        • George Mason University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 60 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • age 18-60
  • body mass index > 19 to <35 kg/m2
  • able to pedal leg cycle ergometer
  • able to comprehend and speak English

Exclusion Criteria:

  • diabetes mellitus
  • significant pulmonary dysfunction (eg. chronic obstructive lung disease; interstitial lung disease)
  • hypertension
  • anemia
  • stroke
  • cancer (other than melanoma)
  • cardiac, pulmonary, thyroid, autoimmune, musculoskeletal, neurological, metabolic bone, mitochondrial, hepatic, renal, and/or psychiatric disease
  • abnormal blood lipids
  • active substance abuse or cognitive impairment
  • chronic infection requiring antiviral or antibiotic treatment
  • taking any medications that may limit exercise capacity or the ability to adapt to aerobic exercise training
  • previously or currently on anticoagulant therapy or therapeutic hormone replacement/supplementation (excluding birth control)
  • pregnant
  • smoking

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Basic Science
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Healthy
Healthy individuals will participate in two separate days of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) (separated by a minimum of two, maximum of 7 days apart) prior to starting the aerobic exercise training program (AET). Individuals will then complete a 4-5 week (4x/week x 17 sessions) continuous, high-intensity AET. Each training session will consist of cycling for 3-5 minutes to warm-up, 45 minutes at 70% of heart rate reserve (HRR-determined from pre-training CPET), and 5-10 minutes to cool down. Following the AET, individuals will repeat the two separate days of CPET performed pre-training.
Other: Aerobic Exercise Training
see arm/group description

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Non-metabolic VCO2
Time Frame: pre and post 5 week (4 training sessions per week, 17 total sessions) aerobic exercise training protocol
Correlate measures of non-metabolic carbon dioxide (as measured by the contribution of total expired non-metabolic VCO2) with the correlative relationship between fatigability (as measured by total time during an endurance CPET and on-kinetics during a constant square-wave CPET) and recovery (as measured by VO2 and VCO2 following maximal and submaximal CPET). Compare changes in measures of non-metabolic carbon dioxide (as measured by the contribution of total expired non-metabolic VCO2) and changes in oxygen consumption (as measured by VO2) pre and post exercise training.
pre and post 5 week (4 training sessions per week, 17 total sessions) aerobic exercise training protocol

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Urinary proteome
Time Frame: This outcome will be assessed at 10 time points per participant: each morning of visits 3,4,7,8,11,12,15,16,19, and 20. Data will be collected during these 5 weeks and at post-testing occurring the week following the end of training.
Proteome of urine samples as measured by mass spectrometry
This outcome will be assessed at 10 time points per participant: each morning of visits 3,4,7,8,11,12,15,16,19, and 20. Data will be collected during these 5 weeks and at post-testing occurring the week following the end of training.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

George Mason University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Andrew A Guccione, PT, PhD, DPT, George Mason University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

January 22, 2019

Primary Completion (Actual)

April 24, 2019

Study Completion (Actual)

April 24, 2019

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

December 18, 2018

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

January 10, 2019

First Posted (Actual)

January 11, 2019

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

May 16, 2019

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 14, 2019

Last Verified

May 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • VCO2-Proteomics

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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