Palliative RadIotherapy of Multiple Metastatic Sites Before First Line of Systemic Therapy With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Chemotherapy in Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (PRIMM)

Palliative RadIotherapy of Multiple Metastatic Sites Before First Line of Systemic Therapy With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Chemotherapy in Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (PRIMM Study)

The study is designed as a non-randomized Phase 2 clinical intervention study. The study will include patients with disseminated Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC) which are eligible for first line of systemic treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors and platinum-based chemotherapy (PDL1 less than 50%). Patients will receive palliative radiotherapy to multiple sites (2 to 5 sites) prior to systemic treatment.

Results of treatment will be compared to historical cohort of patients treated only with systemic therapy.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Non Small Cell Lung Cancer; Metastatic Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma
• Intervention / Treatment: Radiation: Palliative Radiotherapy: 5 x 4Gy; Drug: chemotherapy + immune checkpoint inhibitors

Detailed Description

The primary objective is to investigate efficacy of radiation therapy before the first line of systemic therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors and platinum-based chemotherapy in metastatic NSCLC (PDL1 less than 50%).

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 50
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Slovenia
  • Golnik, Slovenia, 4204
    • University Clinic Golnik
  • Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1000
    • Institute of Oncology Ljubljana
  • Maribor, Slovenia, 2000
    • University Medical Centre Maribor

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 14 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Signed consent to the study before the start of the procedures related to the protocol
• Age ≥ 18 years at time of study entry
• ECOG performance status 0-2
• Histologically or cytologically confirmed non-small cell lung cancer, with expression of PD-L1 of less than 50%
• Stage IV metastatic Non-Small Cell Cancer confirmed by CT scan (of brain, chest and abdomen) or PET CT
• Patients must be eligible for first line of systemic treatment with standard of care checkpoint inhibitor immune therapy and chemotherapy - according to the recommendations
• inclusion of patients treated for few brain metastases (with surgery or ablative radiosurgery) is permitted (if the disease in the central nervous system is under control)
• Prior surgery (diagnostic and therapeutic) and irradiation (for example: stereotactic irradiation of brain metastases) is permitted, provided that patients have fully recovered from the procedure at least 2 weeks before inclusion in the study
• Patients treated with surgery or radiation and chemotherapy for limited non-small cell carcinoma in the past is permitted

Exclusion Criteria:

• Metastatic non-small cell carcinoma with known oncogenic alterations suitable for targeted treatment
• Brain or meningeal metastases that are not under control
• Other malignancy (other than non-small cell carcinoma) present that has progressed and/or requires active treatment
• Previous malignancy, unless cured or complete remission has been achieved for at least 2 years prior to enrolment and does not require maintenance treatment. With the exception of basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma of skin, which was treated and precancerous diseases and in situ cancers
• Patients with interstitial lung disease
• The possibility of radical treatment of oligometastatic disease (primary tumour and metastases)
• Patients who are not eligible for checkpoint immune inhibitor treatment due to contraindications such as autoimmune diseases, with the exception of some exceptions (Vitiligo; type I diabetes; hormone replacement hypothyroidism; psoriasis that does not require systemic treatment or other autoimmune diseases that do not limit checkpoint immune inhibitors treatment)
• Previous treatment with anti PD-1, anti PD-L1, anti CTLA-4 antibodies, or any other treatment that affects T lymphocytes or checkpoint pathways
• Patients with known sensitivity to monoclonal antibodies
• Patients with known HIV infection
• Patients with active or chronic hepatitis B and / or C
• Pregnant and breastfeeding mothers
• Patients with serious and uncontrollable health problems (physical and mental), which, according to researchers, could affect the poor participation of patients and make it difficult to interpret the results
• Patients on corticosteroid therapy (more than 10 mg methylprednisolone or equivalent) prior to enrolment
• Irradiation 2 months before inclusion in the study, except for stereotactic irradiation of brain metastases (or radiation and chemotherapy for limited non-small cell carcinoma in the past)

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Sequential Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Study group; Patients with metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma eligible for first line systemic treatment with chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (PDL1 less than 50%) Radiotherapy: palliative irradiation of 2 to 5 sites (parenchymal/bone/soft tissue metastasis and/or primary lung tumour) with fractionation: 5 fractions of 4Gy (total dose 20Gy) in one week before systemic therapy.	Radiation: Palliative Radiotherapy: 5 x 4Gy; Palliative irradiation of 2 to 5 sites (metastatic sites or/and primary lung tumour) in one week before systemic therapy. Systemic therapy should be given as soon as possible after irradiation.; Drug: chemotherapy + immune checkpoint inhibitors; Systemic therapy according to national/European recommendations.
Other: Historical cohort; Patients with metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma treated with first line of systemic therapy with chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (PDL1 less than 50%). Radiotherapy: no radiation therapy during the first line of systemic treatment before progression of disease.	Drug: chemotherapy + immune checkpoint inhibitors; Systemic therapy according to national/European recommendations.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Progression Free Survival (PFS)	Disease status will be evaluated based on imaging results until progression or death; assessed every three months.	From the date of randomization until the date of first documented progression or date of death from any cause, whichever came first, assessed up to 18 months after the completion of study.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Overall Survival (OS)	Amount of time from treatment until death, reported via follow up visit or phone call.	From the date of randomization until the date of death, or the last follow up date on which the participant was reported alive, assessed up to 18 months.
Objective Response Rate (ORR)	Using assessment according to RECIST (after 3 months and time to ORR). Percentage of patients with a complete response or partial response.	Assessment after 3 months after the date of randomization and every 3 months up until progression. Assessed up to 18 months after the completion of study.
Patterns of progression	Percentage of patients with recorded first site of progression of disease at irradiated sites and non-irradiated sites or both.	Assessed up to 18 months after the completion of study.
A review of predictive maker PDL1 - indicating a better response to combination therapy	- Percentage of PDL 1 expression on tumour cells, where PFS was significantly better in combination therapy.	From the start of treatment until the date of documented progression or death, whichever comes first, assessed up to 18 months after the completion of study.

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University Medical Centre Maribor
• Collaborators: Institute of Oncology Ljubljana; The University Clinic of Pulmonary and Allergic Diseases Golnik

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): July 14, 2022
• Primary Completion (Actual): January 13, 2025
• Study Completion (Actual): September 1, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 30, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 27, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): July 1, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): December 2, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 24, 2025
• Last Verified: November 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms by Site; Neoplasms; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Lung Diseases; Respiratory Tract Neoplasms; Thoracic Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic; Bronchial Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological; Antineoplastic Agents; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Therapeutics; Pharmacologic Actions; Chemical Actions and Uses; Therapeutic Uses; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors; Drug Therapy
• Other Study ID Numbers: 0120-127/2022/3

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No