Effects of Foot Exercises and Hydrotherapy on Pedal Edema & Lower Extremity Function

Effects of Foot Exercises With and Without Hydrotherapy on Pedal Edema & Lower Extremity Function in Antenatal Women

To determine the Effects of foot exercises with and without hydrotherapy on pedal Edema & lower extremity function in antenatal women.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Pregnancy Related
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: hydrotherapy; Other: foot exercises

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 44
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Pakistan
  • Punjab
    • Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan, 05499
      • Sajida Khalil Hospital Gujrat

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 35 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Normal singleton pregnancy
• Gestational age 30-40 weeks
• Pitting edema in feet

Exclusion Criteria:

• presence of any under lying disease e.g.

  • Diabetes,
  • Hypertension,
  • High risk pregnancy
  • Any wound or skin lesion

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Foot exercise with hydrotherapy; Hydrotherapy will be performed by immersing the women's foot in a container filled with 3 liters water with a temperature of 30-32°C. The water level must cover the women's feet up to ankle. During the immersion the therapist will ask the women to perform exercise with legs being fully supported, then alternatively stretch and flex the ankle for 30 times. which will be followed by circling each foot at ankle in clock wise and anticlock wise direction, 30 times each. The duration of water immersion session will be (30 min) for 5 consecutive days	Other: hydrotherapy; Hydrotherapy will be performed by immersing the women's foot in a container filled with 3 liters water with a temperature of 30-32°C. The water level must cover the women's feet up to ankle. During the immersion the therapist will ask the women to perform exercise with legs being fully supported, then alternatively stretch and flex the ankle for 30 times. which will be followed by circling each foot at ankle in clock wise and anticlock wise direction, 30 times each. The duration of water immersion session will be (30 min) for 5 consecutive days.; Other: foot exercises; The therapist will ask the women to perform exercise with legs being fully supported, then alternatively stretch and flex the ankle for 30 times. which will be followed by circling each foot at ankle in clock wise and anticlock wise direction, 30 times each.
Active Comparator: Foot exercise; The therapist will ask the women to perform exercise with legs being fully supported, then alternatively stretch and flex the ankle for 30 times. which will be followed by circling each foot at ankle in clock wise and anticlock wise direction, 30 times each	Other: foot exercises; The therapist will ask the women to perform exercise with legs being fully supported, then alternatively stretch and flex the ankle for 30 times. which will be followed by circling each foot at ankle in clock wise and anticlock wise direction, 30 times each.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Figure of 8 Method	The figure of 8 method uses landmarks on the foot and ankle to measure the circumference of ankle in centimeters.; the point midway over the anterior ankle between the tibialis anterior tendon and lateral malleolus,; the navicular tuberosity,; the base of the fifth metatarsal, and; the inferior tip of the medial malleolus	8th week
Lower Extremity Functional Scale	The Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) is a questionnaire containing 20 questions about a person's ability to perform everyday tasks. The LEFS can be used to evaluate the functional status of lower limb	8th week

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Riphah International University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: hina gul, MSOMPT, Riphah International University

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• .MACWAN KR, Savaliya PK. Effectiveness of Foot Exercise and Epsom Salt Water on Reduction of Foot Oedema among Antenatal Mothers. Journal of Clinical & Diagnostic Research. 2021;15
• Talbot L, Maclennan K. Physiology of pregnancy. Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine. 2016;17(7):341-5
• Patola A, Tridiyawati F. The Effectiveness of Soaking the Feet in Salt Water to Reduce the Degree of Edema in Pregnant Women Trimester III. Jurnal Keperawatan Komprehensif (Comprehensive Nursing Journal). 2022;8
• Ahmed AH, Ismail NIAA, Hassan NMM. Effect of effleurage massage versus water immersion with exercise on physiological foot edema among primigravidae. Egypt J Health Care. 2021;12(2):56-345

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): October 1, 2022
• Primary Completion (Actual): July 1, 2023
• Study Completion (Actual): August 1, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 8, 2023
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 8, 2023
• First Posted (Actual): March 21, 2023

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimated): March 5, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 4, 2024
• Last Verified: March 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: women; foot; pedal; hydrotherapy; exercises; antenatal; edema lower extremity
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Edema
• Other Study ID Numbers: REC/RCR&AHS/23/0511

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No