Safety of Stopping Pancreatic Enzyme Replacement Therapy in Children With Improved Pancreatic Function After Highly Effective Modulator Therapy

June 2, 2026 updated by: Audra M. St John, Indiana University

The Return of the Pancreas: Evaluating Impact of CFTR Modulators on Pancreatic Function

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the safety of stopping pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) receiving CFTR modulator therapy (CFTRm) who have regained pancreatic sufficiency. The main questions it aims to answer are:

  1. Does discontinuation of PERT affect gastrointestinal symptoms, nutritional status, pancreatic function, or body composition over 6 months?
  2. Does stopping PERT increase gastrointestinal symptoms or affect nutritional status, pancreatic function, or body composition compared with continuing PERT?

Researchers will evaluate changes in growth, gastrointestinal symptoms, vitamin levels, pancreatic function, and body composition following PERT discontinuation.

Participants will:

  • Complete study visits and assessments over 6 months
  • Continue or discontinue PERT based on study assignment
  • Undergo anthropometric measurements
  • Complete questionnaires about gastrointestinal symptoms
  • Provide blood samples to assess vitamin levels and coagulation markers
  • Provide stool samples to measure fecal elastase-1 (FE-1) and evaluate pancreatic function

Study Overview

Detailed Description

This prospective clinical trial will evaluate the safety and feasibility of discontinuing pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) who regain pancreatic sufficiency after treatment with cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulators (CFTRm).

Pancreatic insufficiency is a common complication of CF and is typically treated with lifelong PERT. Recent studies and case reports have shown that some individuals receiving CFTR modulators experience improvement or normalization of pancreatic function, as measured by fecal elastase-1 (FE-1) levels. However, there is limited evidence regarding the safety of stopping PERT after pancreatic function recovery. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by prospectively evaluating growth, gastrointestinal symptoms, nutritional status, and pancreatic function after PERT withdrawal.

Eligible participants are children and adolescents aged 18 years or younger with cystic fibrosis and a history of pancreatic insufficiency who are receiving CFTR modulator therapy. Participants will undergo fecal elastase testing at enrollment and will be assigned to study groups based on pancreatic function status. Participants with FE-1 levels ≥200 µg/g will discontinue PERT under medical supervision, while participants with FE-1 levels <200 µg/g will continue standard therapy.

Study assessments will include growth measurements, gastrointestinal symptom questionnaires, laboratory monitoring of fat-soluble vitamins and liver function, CFTR modulator trough levels, and repeat fecal elastase testing. Body composition will also be evaluated. Participants who discontinue PERT will undergo close clinical monitoring throughout the study period for signs of malabsorption, poor weight gain, recurrent pancreatic insufficiency, or pancreatitis. PERT may be restarted if clinically indicated.

The study will also explore factors associated with successful recovery of pancreatic function and sustained pancreatic sufficiency, including demographic characteristics, nutritional status, medication history, and laboratory markers. In addition, optional biospecimen storage will allow future analyses of the metabolome and microbiome related to pancreatic function and CFTR modulator response.

This study is intended to provide feasibility and safety data to support future larger multicenter trials and to improve individualized treatment strategies for children with CF who experience recovery of pancreatic function after CFTR modulator therapy.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

17

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

    • Indiana
      • Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46202
        • Riley Hospital for Children

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Diagnosis of cystic fibrosis.
  • History of pancreatic insufficiency, documented by a prior fecal elastase-1 (FE-1) concentration <200 µg/g stool.
  • Current pancreatic sufficiency at study entry, defined as fecal elastase-1 (FE-1) concentration ≥200 µg/g stool after treatment with a CFTR modulator.
  • Age ≤18 years.
  • Current use of a CFTR modulator, including ivacaftor, elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor, or vanzacaftor/tezacaftor/deutivacaftor.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • CF-related diabetes requiring current insulin use
  • Advanced CF liver disease as defined by nodular liver, advanced fibrosis (F4), multi-lobular cirrhosis with or without portal hypertension, non-cirrhotic portal hypertension
  • Short gut syndrome as defined by need for surgical bowel resection and subsequent need for parenteral nutrition for > 60 days or bowel length less than 25%
  • Moderate to severe malnutrition, defined as a BMI-for-age z score ≤ -2 for participants aged ≥2 years or a weight-for-length z score ≤ -2 for participants aged <2 years

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Intervention: Discontinuation of Pancreatic Enzyme Replacement Therapy
Participants with cystic fibrosis who demonstrate pancreatic sufficiency, defined as fecal elastase-1 (FE-1) ≥200 µg/g after treatment with CFTR modulator therapy, will discontinue pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) under medical supervision. Participants will undergo follow-up assessments over 6 months, including monitoring of growth, gastrointestinal symptoms, nutritional laboratory markers, and repeat fecal elastase testing to evaluate the safety and sustainability of pancreatic function recovery after PERT discontinuation.
Participants with cystic fibrosis who demonstrate pancreatic sufficiency, defined as fecal elastase-1 (FE-1) ≥200 µg/g after treatment with CFTR modulator therapy, will discontinue pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) under medical supervision. Participants will undergo follow-up assessments over 6 months, including monitoring of growth, gastrointestinal symptoms, nutritional laboratory markers, and repeat fecal elastase testing to evaluate the safety and sustainability of pancreatic function recovery after PERT discontinuation.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Time Frame: 6 months

Description: BMI calculated as body weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared (kg/m²), using weight and height measurements obtained at each study visit.

Time Frame: Baseline (Day 0 ± 28 days), Day 90 ± 28 days, Day 180 ± 28 days

Type: Continuous

6 months
Weight (kg)
Time Frame: 6 months

Description: Participant body weight measured using a calibrated digital clinical scale. Weight will be recorded in kilograms (kg) to the nearest 0.1 kg.

Time Frame: Baseline (Day 0 ± 28 days), Day 90 ± 28 days, Day 180 ± 28 days

Type: Continuous

6 months
Height (cm)
Time Frame: 6 months

Description: Participant standing height measured using a wall-mounted stadiometer. Height will be recorded in centimeters (cm) to the nearest 0.1 cm.

Time Frame: Baseline (Day 0 ± 28 days), Day 90 ± 28 days, Day 180 ± 28 days

Type: Continuous

6 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Gastrointestinal Symptom Severity Total Score (PAGI-SYM Total Score)
Time Frame: 6 months

Description: Participants complete the validated Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptom Severity Index (PAGI-SYM). The PAGI-SYM total score is calculated as the mean of all completed items and ranges from 0 (none) to 5 (very severe). Higher scores indicate worse gastrointestinal symptom severity.

Time Frame: Day 0 ± 28 days (pre-intervention), Day 90 ± 28 days, Day 180 ± 28 days.

6 months
Heartburn/Regurgitation Symptom Severity (Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptom Severity Index [PAGI-SYM] Heartburn/Regurgitation Domain Score)
Time Frame: 6 months

Description: Heartburn/regurgitation domain score from the Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptom Severity Index (PAGI-SYM). The domain score is calculated as the mean of the completed items within the heartburn/regurgitation domain and ranges from 0 (none) to 5 (very severe). Higher scores indicate worse symptom severity.

Time Frame: Day 0 ± 28 days (pre-intervention), Day 90 ± 28 days, Day 180 ± 28 days.

6 months
Nausea/Vomiting Symptom Severity (Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptom Severity Index [PAGI-SYM] Nausea/Vomiting Domain Score)
Time Frame: 6 months

Description: Nausea/vomiting domain score from the Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptom Severity Index (PAGI-SYM). The domain score is calculated as the mean of the completed items within the nausea/vomiting domain and ranges from 0 (none) to 5 (very severe). Higher scores indicate worse symptom severity.

Time Frame: Day 0 ± 28 days (pre-intervention), Day 90 ± 28 days, Day 180 ± 28 days.

6 months
Postprandial Fullness/Early Satiety Symptom Severity (Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptom Severity Index [PAGI-SYM] Postprandial Fullness/Early Satiety Domain Score)
Time Frame: 6 months

Description: Postprandial fullness/early satiety domain score from the Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptom Severity Index (PAGI-SYM). The domain score is calculated as the mean of the completed items within the postprandial fullness/early satiety domain and ranges from 0 (none) to 5 (very severe). Higher scores indicate worse symptom severity.

Time Frame: Day 0 ± 28 days (pre-intervention), Day 90 ± 28 days, Day 180 ± 28 days.

6 months
Bloating Symptom Severity (Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptom Severity Index [PAGI-SYM] Bloating Domain Score)
Time Frame: 6 months

Description: Bloating domain score from the Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptom Severity Index (PAGI-SYM). The domain score is calculated as the mean of the completed items within the bloating domain and ranges from 0 (none) to 5 (very severe). Higher scores indicate worse symptom severity.

Time Frame: Day 0 ± 28 days (pre-intervention), Day 90 ± 28 days, Day 180 ± 28 days.

6 months
Upper Abdominal Pain Symptom Severity (Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptom Severity Index [PAGI-SYM] Upper Abdominal Pain Domain Score)
Time Frame: 6 months

Description: Upper abdominal pain domain score from the Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptom Severity Index (PAGI-SYM). The domain score is calculated as the mean of the completed items within the upper abdominal pain domain and ranges from 0 (none) to 5 (very severe). Higher scores indicate worse symptom severity.

Time Frame: Day 0 ± 28 days (pre-intervention), Day 90 ± 28 days, Day 180 ± 28 days.

6 months
Lower Abdominal Pain Symptom Severity (Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptom Severity Index [PAGI-SYM] Lower Abdominal Pain Domain Score)
Time Frame: 6 months

Description: Lower abdominal pain domain score from the Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptom Severity Index (PAGI-SYM). The domain score is calculated as the mean of the completed items within the lower abdominal pain domain and ranges from 0 (none) to 5 (very severe). Higher scores indicate worse symptom severity.

Time Frame: Day 0 ± 28 days (pre-intervention), Day 90 ± 28 days, Day 180 ± 28 days.

6 months
Serum Vitamin A (Retinol) Concentration
Time Frame: 6 months

How measured: Serum vitamin A (retinol) concentration measured in blood. Blood collected by venipuncture and analyzed by IU Health Pathology Laboratory and/or ARUP Laboratories. Results will be reported in milligrams per liter (mg/L).

Time points: Day 180 ± 28 days.

Unit of Measure: mg/L

6 months
Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] Concentration
Time Frame: 6 months

How measured: Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration measured in blood. Blood collected by venipuncture and analyzed by IU Health Pathology Laboratory and/or ARUP Laboratories. Results will be reported in nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL).

Time points: Day 180 ± 28 days.

Unit of Measure: ng/mL

6 months
Serum Vitamin E (Alpha-Tocopherol) Concentration
Time Frame: 6 months

How measured: Serum Vitamin E (Alpha-Tocopherol) concentration measured in blood. Blood collected by venipuncture and analyzed by IU Health Pathology Laboratory and/or ARUP Laboratories. Results will be reported in milligrams per liter (mg/L).

Time points: Day 180 ± 28 days.

Unit of Measure: mg/L

6 months
International Normalized Ratio (INR)
Time Frame: 6 months

What is measured: International Normalized Ratio (INR), a standardized measure of blood coagulation.

How measured: Blood collected by venipuncture and analyzed by IU Health Pathology Laboratory and/or ARUP Laboratories.

Time points: Day 180 ± 28 days.

Unit of Measure: Unitless ratio (INR).

6 months
Fecal Elastase-1 (FE-1) Concentration
Time Frame: 6 months

Description: Fecal elastase-1 (FE-1) concentration measured in stool as a marker of exocrine pancreatic function. Stool samples will be collected and analyzed by a certified clinical laboratory. Results will be reported in micrograms of elastase per gram of stool (µg/g stool). Higher values indicate better exocrine pancreatic function.

Time Frame: Day 0 ± 28 days (pre-intervention) and Day 180 ± 28 days.

Unit of Measure: µg/g stool

6 months
Sustainability of Pancreatic Sufficiency
Time Frame: 6 months

Description: Maintenance of pancreatic sufficiency from baseline through Day 180, defined as fecal elastase-1 (FE-1) concentration greater than 200 µg/g stool at both baseline and Day 180. The outcome will be reported as the proportion of participants who remain pancreatic sufficient throughout the study period.

Time Frame: Day 0 ± 28 days (pre-intervention), Day 180 ± 28 days

Unit of Measure: Percent of participants maintaining pancreatic sufficiency

6 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

December 3, 2024

Primary Completion (Actual)

August 8, 2025

Study Completion (Actual)

January 21, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

May 26, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 2, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

June 8, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

June 8, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 2, 2026

Last Verified

June 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

YES

IPD Plan Description

Deidentified individual participant data (IPD) that underlie the results reported in publications may be shared. Shared data may include demographic characteristics, growth parameters, gastrointestinal symptom questionnaire results, laboratory values, fecal elastase-1 results, body composition measurements, and pancreatic function outcomes collected during the study. Personally identifiable information will not be shared. Additional study documents, including the study protocol and statistical analysis plan, may be made available upon reasonable request and in accordance with institutional policies and participant consent.

IPD Sharing Time Frame

Data will be available beginning 6 months after publication of the primary study results and ending 5 years after publication.

IPD Sharing Access Criteria

Deidentified individual participant data (IPD) and supporting study documents may be made available to qualified researchers, academic investigators, or healthcare professionals whose proposed use of the data is consistent with the study objectives and approved by the study investigators and institution. Shared materials may include deidentified datasets underlying published results, the study protocol, statistical analysis plan, and informed consent form. Data will be shared upon reasonable request and may require execution of a data use agreement and compliance with institutional policies and applicable privacy and confidentiality regulations. Data will be provided electronically in a secure format.

IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type

  • STUDY_PROTOCOL
  • SAP
  • ICF

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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