Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of the Staffordshire Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Questionnaire

June 24, 2026 updated by: Nuray Alaca, Acibadem University

Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of the Staffordshire Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Questionnaire (SQAIS)

Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) have gained increasing importance in scoliosis research in recent years. Although widely used instruments such as the Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22) include domains related to body image, their primary purpose is to assess overall health-related quality of life and functional outcomes. In contrast, the Staffordshire Questionnaire for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (SQAIS) was specifically developed to provide a more detailed and patient-centered evaluation of body image and perceived deformity in individuals with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, a Turkish version of the questionnaire with established validity and reliability is not currently available.

Therefore, the aim of the planned master's thesis is to conduct the cultural adaptation of the Staffordshire Questionnaire for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis into Turkish and to evaluate its psychometric properties in adolescents with AIS. The study will involve a systematic process of linguistic translation and cross-cultural adaptation. Subsequently, the validity and reliability of the Turkish version will be assessed through analyses of internal consistency, test-retest reliability, construct validity, and criterion validity.

The findings of this study are expected to provide a valid and reliable instrument for assessing body image and deformity perception among Turkish adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis, thereby contributing an important patient-centered outcome measure to both clinical practice and research.

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

100

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The study population will consist of adolescents aged 10-19 years with a diagnosis of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) who are being followed in orthopedic and rehabilitation clinics

Description

Inclusion Criteria

  • Aged between 10 and 19 years.
  • Diagnosed with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) by an orthopedic surgeon or spine specialist.
  • Able to read and understand Turkish.

Exclusion Criteria

  • Diagnosis of congenital, neuromuscular, or syndromic scoliosis.
  • History of severe neurological, psychiatric, or cognitive disorders.
  • Presence of communication impairments that may interfere with understanding or completing the questionnaires.
  • History of major trauma or spinal surgery within the previous 6 months.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Intervention / Treatment
Scoliosis
Other: Turkish Version of the Staffordshire Questionnaire for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (SQAIS)
Administration of the Turkish version of the Staffordshire Questionnaire for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis to evaluate body image and perceived deformity in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Staffordshire Questionnaire for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Time Frame: Baseline (Day 1) and 15-21 days after baseline.
The Turkish version of the Staffordshire Questionnaire for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (SQAIS) will be administered to assess body image and perceived spinal deformity in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. The questionnaire consists of items evaluating patients' perceptions of their appearance and scoliosis-related concerns. Item scores are summed to obtain a total score. Higher scores indicate greater body image disturbance, poorer perception of appearance, and a greater perceived impact of scoliosis-related deformity. Test-retest reliability will be evaluated by re-administering the questionnaire 15-21 days after the initial assessment.
Baseline (Day 1) and 15-21 days after baseline.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Scoliosis Research Society-22 Questionnaire
Time Frame: Baseline (Day 1)
The Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22) questionnaire will be used to assess health-related quality of life in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. The questionnaire consists of 22 items distributed across five domains: Function/Activity, Pain, Self-Image/Appearance, Mental Health, and Satisfaction with Management. Items are scored on a 5-point Likert scale. Domain scores and a total score are calculated, with higher scores indicating better health-related quality of life, better function, less pain, more positive self-image, and better mental health.
Baseline (Day 1)
Spinal Appearance Questionnaire
Time Frame: Baseline (Day 1)
The Spinal Appearance Questionnaire (SAQ) will be used to assess patients' perceptions of spinal deformity and body appearance related to scoliosis. The questionnaire consists of appearance-related items evaluating perceptions of trunk shape, posture, asymmetry, and overall spinal appearance. Scores are calculated for individual domains and as a total score. Higher scores indicate a more negative perception of spinal appearance and greater perceived deformity.
Baseline (Day 1)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Acibadem University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

July 2, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

January 2, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

March 2, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

June 24, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 24, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

June 30, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

June 30, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 24, 2026

Last Verified

June 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 2026/10/470

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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