Comparative Evaluation of Diaphragmatic Function Following Interscalene, Anterior Suprascapular, and Costoclavicular Nerve Blocks in Shoulder Surgery
Shoulder surgery causes significant postoperative pain, and ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia is central to its management. The interscalene block (ISB) is the gold standard but frequently causes phrenic nerve paralysis and hemi-diaphragmatic paresis, limiting its use in patients with reduced pulmonary reserve. The suprascapular (SSNB) and costoclavicular (CCB) blocks are proposed diaphragm-sparing alternatives, but data directly comparing all three are limited.
This randomised, double-blinded trial will compare the incidence of hemi-diaphragmatic paresis among ultrasound-guided ISB, SSNB, and CCB in elective shoulder surgery. Seventy-five ASA I-II patients aged 18-70 will be allocated 1:1:1 to one block. The primary outcome is the incidence of hemi-diaphragmatic paresis, measured by ultrasound diaphragmatic excursion before induction and after recovery in the PACU. Secondary outcomes include postoperative pain, analgesic consumption, and patient satisfaction. The investigators hypothesise that SSNB and CCB will cause less hemidiaphragmatic paresis than ISB while providing comparable analgesia.
Přehled studie
Postavení
Detailní popis
This randomized, double-blinded, parallel-group trial compares the effect of three ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia techniques on diaphragmatic function in elective shoulder surgery. The interscalene block (ISB), the gold standard, frequently causes phrenic nerve paralysis and hemi-diaphragmatic paresis. The suprascapular (SSNB) and costoclavicular (CCB) blocks preserve analgesia while sparing the phrenic nerve, but direct comparative data among all three are limited.
Seventy-five ASA I-II patients aged 18-70 scheduled for elective shoulder surgery will be randomized 1:1:1 (25 per group) using computer-generated allocation with sealed opaque envelopes. ISB: 10 mL 0.25% bupivacaine with dexmedetomidine 0.5 µg/kg; SSNB: 10 mL of the same mixture; CCB: 20 mL of the same mixture. All blocks are ultrasound-guided and performed before a standardised general anaesthetic.
Diaphragmatic excursion is measured by M-mode ultrasound of both hemidiaphragms at baseline (pre-induction), 30 minutes after the block, and in the PACU at a train-of-four ratio ≥0.9. Hemi-diaphragmatic paresis is graded as Complete (>75% reduction or paradoxical movement), Partial (25-75%), or Normal (0-25%). The primary outcome is its incidence. Secondary outcomes include VAS pain at rest and movement (1, 3, 6, 12, 24 h), analgesic consumption, time to first rescue analgesia, block performance time, complications, and patient satisfaction.
Typ studie
Zápis (Odhadovaný)
Fáze
- Fáze 4
Kritéria účasti
Kritéria způsobilosti
Věk způsobilý ke studiu
- Dospělý
- Starší dospělý
Přijímá zdravé dobrovolníky
Popis
Inclusion Criteria:
Adults of both sexes, aged 18 to 70 years American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II Scheduled for elective shoulder surgery
Exclusion Criteria:
Pulmonary disease or baseline diaphragmatic dysfunction Refusal to provide informed consent Pre-existing neuropathy in the operated limb Allergy to local anesthetics Infection at the injection site Coagulopathy Pregnancy
Studijní plán
Jak je studie koncipována?
Detaily designu
- Primární účel: Léčba
- Přidělení: Randomizované
- Intervenční model: Paralelní přiřazení
- Maskování: Dvojnásobek
Zbraně a zásahy
Skupina účastníků / Arm |
Intervence / Léčba |
|---|---|
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Aktivní komparátor: Interscalene Block (ISB)
Ultrasound-guided interscalene brachial plexus block targeting the C5-C6 roots, performed approximately 1 hour before surgery.
Injectate: 10 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine 0.5 µg/kg.
|
Ultrasound-guided interscalene brachial plexus block performed ~1 hour before surgery.
With the patient supine and head rotated contralaterally, a high-frequency linear transducer identifies the C5-C6 roots between the anterior and middle scalene muscles.
Using an in-plane technique, 10 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine 0.5 µg/kg is injected with frequent aspiration.
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Experimentální: Suprascapular Nerve Block (SSNB)
Ultrasound-guided suprascapular nerve block was performed proximal to the transverse scapular ligament, approximately 1 hour before surgery.
Injectate: 10 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine 0.5 µg/kg.
|
Ultrasound-guided suprascapular nerve block performed ~1 hour before surgery.
A linear high-frequency probe in the supraclavicular region identifies the suprascapular nerve.
A 22-gauge echogenic needle is advanced in-plane to the nerve proximal to the transverse scapular ligament, and 10 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine 0.5 µg/kg is injected under real-time ultrasound, confirming circumferential spread.
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Experimentální: Costoclavicular Block (CCB)
Ultrasound-guided costoclavicular brachial plexus block targeting the brachial plexus cords in the costoclavicular space, approximately 1 hour before surgery.
Injectate: 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine 0.5 µg/kg.
|
Ultrasound-guided costoclavicular brachial plexus block performed ~1 hour before surgery.
With the operative arm abducted ~60°, a linear probe inferior to the mid-clavicle visualizes the three brachial plexus cords lateral to the axillary artery.
An echogenic needle is advanced in-plane into the interfascial plane, and 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine 0.5 µg/kg is injected with aspiration and ultrasound confirmation of homogeneous spread.
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Co je měření studie?
Primární výstupní opatření
Měření výsledku |
Popis opatření |
Časové okno |
|---|---|---|
|
Incidence of hemi-diaphragmatic paresis
Časové okno: From pre-induction baseline to PACU assessment at train-of-four ratio ≥0.9 (up to approximately 24 hours after the block
|
Incidence of hemi-diaphragmatic paresis assessed by M-mode ultrasound measurement of diaphragmatic excursion, comparing post-block values to the pre-induction baseline.
Hemi-diaphragmatic paresis is defined as a >75% reduction in diaphragmatic excursion from baseline or paradoxical diaphragmatic movement (complete paresis); a 25-75% reduction is classified as partial paresis.
Measured in the PACU after recovery of muscle power (train-of-four ratio ≥0.9).
Reported as the number/percentage of participants with hemi-diaphragmatic paresis in each group.
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From pre-induction baseline to PACU assessment at train-of-four ratio ≥0.9 (up to approximately 24 hours after the block
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Sekundární výstupní opatření
Měření výsledku |
Popis opatření |
Časové okno |
|---|---|---|
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Postoperative pain score at rest (static VAS)
Časové okno: At 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively
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Pain intensity at rest was measured on a visual analogue scale (VAS), where 0 = no pain and 10 = worst imaginable pain.
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At 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively
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Patient satisfaction
Časové okno: 24 hours postoperatively
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Overall satisfaction with the procedure and postoperative analgesia, assessed on a 5-point scale (very satisfied, satisfied, neutral, dissatisfied, very dissatisfied).
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24 hours postoperatively
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Spolupracovníci a vyšetřovatelé
Sponzor
Publikace a užitečné odkazy
Obecné publikace
- Renard Y, Grape S, Gonvers E, Rossel JB, Goetti P, Albrecht E. Respiratory impact of local anaesthetic volume after interscalene brachial plexus block with extrafascial injection: a randomised controlled double-blinded trial. Br J Anaesth. 2025 Apr;134(4):1153-1160. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2024.12.010. Epub 2025 Jan 23.
- Lee Y, Bang S, Chung J, Chae MS, Shin J. Costoclavicular block as a diaphragm-sparing nerve block for shoulder surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2025 Feb;78(1):30-38. doi: 10.4097/kja.24595. Epub 2024 Dec 10.
Termíny studijních záznamů
Hlavní termíny studia
Začátek studia (Odhadovaný)
Primární dokončení (Odhadovaný)
Dokončení studie (Odhadovaný)
Termíny zápisu do studia
První předloženo
První předloženo, které splnilo kritéria kontroly kvality
První zveřejněno (Aktuální)
Aktualizace studijních záznamů
Poslední zveřejněná aktualizace (Aktuální)
Odeslaná poslední aktualizace, která splnila kritéria kontroly kvality
Naposledy ověřeno
Více informací
Termíny související s touto studií
Klíčová slova
Další relevantní podmínky MeSH
Další identifikační čísla studie
- ANESTH50 (Jiný identifikátor: Menoufia university)
Plán pro data jednotlivých účastníků (IPD)
Plánujete sdílet data jednotlivých účastníků (IPD)?
Informace o lécích a zařízeních, studijní dokumenty
Studuje lékový produkt regulovaný americkým FDA
Studuje produkt zařízení regulovaný americkým úřadem FDA
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