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Impact Force and Jump Performance in Taekwondo (IFJP-TKD)

14. juni 2026 opdateret af: Emre Berk HAZAR, Bayburt University

The Relationship Between Relative Impact Force and Jumping Performance in Taekwondo Athletes

he goal of this study is to examine the relationship between countermovement jump performance and kick impact power in elite Taekwondo athletes and to evaluate these variables across gender and weight categories. The main questions it aims to answer are whether jump performance is associated with kick impact power and whether these variables differ according to weight class and gender.

Thirty-two elite Taekwondo athletes with international experience participated in the study. Participants performed countermovement jump tests to assess anaerobic power and sport-specific kicking tests to measure impact power. Data were analyzed using correlation, t-tests, ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis tests, with post-hoc comparisons where appropriate.

Participants performed:

countermovement jump tests to assess explosive lower-limb power sport-specific kicking tests to measure impact force laboratory-based performance assessments using biomechanical measurements

Studieoversigt

Status

Afsluttet

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

This study employed a cross-sectional observational design to investigate the association between lower-limb explosive power and sport-specific striking performance in elite Taekwondo athletes.

Force and power-related variables were obtained under standardized testing conditions in a controlled laboratory environment. Participants completed countermovement jump (CMJ) assessments following a standardized warm-up protocol. CMJ performance was used as an indicator of global lower-limb explosive capacity.

Sport-specific impact performance was evaluated using standardized kicking tasks, including dominant and non-dominant Roundhouse Kick (RK) and Side Kick (SK) techniques. Impact-related variables were recorded using validated biomechanical measurement equipment capable of capturing force-related output during striking. All trials were performed with consistent target height and distance to ensure comparability between participants.

Athletes were grouped according to official weight categories and gender in order to examine potential inter-group differences in performance characteristics. Data normality was tested prior to inferential analysis. Depending on distribution assumptions, parametric or non-parametric statistical tests were applied. Relationships between CMJ performance and kick impact variables were examined using correlation analysis, while group differences were assessed using appropriate comparative statistical tests.

All measurements were completed in a single testing session to minimize inter-session variability, and multiple trials were used for each performance test to ensure reliability.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Faktiske)

32

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiesteder

  • Tyrkiet (Türkiye)
    • Merkez
      • Bayburt, Merkez, Tyrkiet (Türkiye), 69000
        • Bayburt Unıversity

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Barn
  • Voksen
  • Ældre voksen

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ja

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

Elite Taekwondo athletes with international competition experience Training regularly (minimum 6 sessions per week) No lower extremity injury affecting performance in the last 6 months Voluntary participation with written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

Current musculoskeletal injury or pain affecting performance History of lower limb surgery in the past 12 months Use of performance-enhancing drugs or stimulants before testing Failure to complete all performance tests (CMJ and kicking protocols) Non-compliance with pre-test instructions (diet, rest, or activity restrictions)

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Grundvidenskab
  • Tildeling: N/A
  • Interventionel model: Enkelt gruppeopgave
  • Maskning: Ingen (Åben etiket)

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Andet: Elite Taekwondo Athletes
Participants were elite Taekwondo athletes who underwent standardized performance testing including countermovement jump (CMJ) assessment and sport-specific kicking tests (Roundhouse Kick and Side Kick). Kick impact power was measured using a validated force measurement system. No intervention was administered. All assessments were performed under controlled laboratory conditions.
Andet: Performance Assessment Protocol

Participants underwent a standardized performance assessment protocol including countermovement jump (CMJ) testing and sport-specific kicking tests (Roundhouse Kick and Side Kick). Kick impact power was measured using a validated biomechanical force measurement system (PowerKube). No therapeutic or training intervention was applied. All assessments were conducted under controlled laboratory conditions to evaluate explosive power and sport-specific performance characteristics.

Device: OptoJump Photoelectric Cell System The OptoJump system was used to measure countermovement jump (CMJ) height and assess lower extremity explosive power.

Device: PowerKube Impact Measurement System The PowerKube device was used to measure kicking impact power (Roundhouse Kick and Side Kick) in watts.

Procedure: Performance Testing Protocol Participants underwent anthropometric assessment, CMJ testing, and kicking performance tests under standardized laboratory conditions. No training or therapeutic interv

Andre navne:
  • CMJ and Kick Testing Protocol

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Countermovement Jump (CMJ) height
Tidsramme: Baseline
CMJ height was measured to assess lower-limb explosive power in ription: elite Taekwondo athletes using a validated photoelectric cell system.
Baseline

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Kick Impact Power (Roundhouse Kick and Side Kick)
Tidsramme: Baseline
Impact power of dominant and non-dominant Roundhouse and Side Kicks was measured using a validated biomechanical force measurement system.
Baseline

Andre resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Relative Impact Power (Entropy-based score)
Tidsramme: Baseline

Description: Relative impact power was calculated using an entropy-based weighting method and normalized to body mass. The score represents a composite performance index reflecting the balance and distribution of kicking power across dominant and non-dominant techniques.

Scale: Entropy-Based Composite Index Minimum Value: 0 (no effective power distribution) Maximum Value: Theoretical upper bound is not fixed; higher values indicate greater balanced performance output across techniques Interpretation: Higher scores indicate better technical efficiency and more balanced force distribution across kicking techniques, while lower scores indicate less balanced or more concentrated performance output.
Baseline

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Bayburt University

Efterforskere

  • Ledende efterforsker: Betül C GÜDER, Doctor, Bayburt University

Publikationer og nyttige links

Den person, der er ansvarlig for at indtaste oplysninger om undersøgelsen, leverer frivilligt disse publikationer. Disse kan handle om alt relateret til undersøgelsen.

Generelle publikationer

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

1. juni 2025

Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)

30. august 2025

Studieafslutning (Faktiske)

1. januar 2026

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

4. juni 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

14. juni 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

18. juni 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

18. juni 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

14. juni 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. juni 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • E-15604681-100-321083

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

Planlægger du at dele individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)?

INGEN

IPD-planbeskrivelse

Individual participant data will not be shared as the study does not involve clinical patient data. The dataset consists of anonymized sports performance measurements collected for research purposes only.

Lægemiddel- og udstyrsoplysninger, undersøgelsesdokumenter

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Ingen

Studerer et amerikansk FDA-reguleret enhedsprodukt

Ingen

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