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Progressive Muscle Relaxation and Stress in Nursing Students

25. august 2026 opdateret af: KTO Karatay University

Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation on Perceived Stress Among Nursing Students During Psychiatric Nursing Clinical Practice: A Quasi-Experimental Study

This study evaluated the effect of progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) exercises on perceived stress among nursing students during psychiatric and mental health nursing clinical practice. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design was used. Sixty fourth-year nursing students were allocated to an intervention group (n=30) or a control group (n=30). The intervention group participated in PMR sessions once a week for five weeks, with each session lasting approximately 30-40 minutes, while the control group received no additional intervention. Perceived stress was assessed before and after the intervention using the Perceived Stress Scale for Nursing Students.

Studieoversigt

Status

Afsluttet

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

This quasi-experimental study was conducted with fourth-year nursing students enrolled in the Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing course at KTO Karatay University. The study used a pretest-posttest control group design. Students were allocated to intervention and control groups according to their positions on the official class attendance list; students with odd-numbered positions formed one group and those with even-numbered positions formed the other group. The intervention group was determined by a random selection from sealed envelopes labeled "odd numbers" and "even numbers." A total of 60 students participated in the study, with 30 students in each group.

Baseline data were collected using a Student Information Form and the Perceived Stress Scale for Nursing Students. Following the pretest assessment, students in the intervention group participated in progressive muscle relaxation sessions once a week for five weeks. Each session lasted approximately 30-40 minutes and included diaphragmatic breathing and systematic tensing and relaxing of major muscle groups under the verbal guidance of the researcher. Students in the control group continued their usual routines and received no relaxation training or additional intervention during the study period.

At the end of the five-week intervention period, the Perceived Stress Scale for Nursing Students was readministered to both groups. Pretest and posttest perceived stress scores were compared within and between groups to evaluate the effect of the progressive muscle relaxation intervention.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Faktiske)

60

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiesteder

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Voksen
  • Ældre voksen

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ja

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Aged 18 years or older
  • Enrolled in the Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing course
  • Regular attendance in the course
  • Willing to participate regularly in progressive muscle relaxation exercises if allocated to the intervention group

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Repeating the Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing course
  • Receiving treatment for a mental health disorder
  • Having a physical condition or disability that could prevent participation in progressive muscle relaxation exercises

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Behandling
  • Tildeling: Ikke-randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Ingen (Åben etiket)

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: Progressive Muscle Relaxation Group
Participants in this group received progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) sessions administered by the researcher once a week for five weeks. Each session lasted approximately 30-40 minutes.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR)
Participants in the intervention group received progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) once a week for five weeks. Each session lasted approximately 30-40 minutes. During the first session, participants received brief instruction on PMR and diaphragmatic breathing. Under the researcher's verbal guidance, participants systematically tensed each major muscle group for approximately 5-7 seconds and then relaxed it. The same protocol was repeated weekly for five weeks under similar conditions.
Ingen indgriben: Control Group
Participants in the control group continued their usual routines and received no relaxation training or additional intervention during the study period.

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Perceived Stress Level
Tidsramme: Baseline and immediately after the 5-week intervention
Perceived stress was assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale for Nursing Students (PSSNS). The scale consists of 29 items across six subscales. Each item is rated from 0 (not stressful for me) to 4 (extremely stressful for me), yielding a total score ranging from 0 to 116. Higher scores indicate higher levels of perceived stress.
Baseline and immediately after the 5-week intervention

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Stress From Lack of Professional Knowledge and Skills
Tidsramme: Baseline and immediately after the 5-week intervention
This subscale of the Perceived Stress Scale for Nursing Students (PSSNS) consists of 3 items (items 2, 7, and 11). Each item is rated from 0 to 4, yielding a subscale score ranging from 0 to 12. Higher scores indicate higher perceived stress related to lack of professional knowledge and skills.
Baseline and immediately after the 5-week intervention
Stress From Taking Care of Patients
Tidsramme: Baseline and immediately after the 5-week intervention
This subscale of the Perceived Stress Scale for Nursing Students (PSSNS) consists of 8 items (items 1, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 19). Each item is rated from 0 to 4, yielding a subscale score ranging from 0 to 32. Higher scores indicate higher perceived stress related to patient care.
Baseline and immediately after the 5-week intervention
Stress From Assignments and Workload
Tidsramme: Baseline and immediately after the 5-week intervention
This subscale of the Perceived Stress Scale for Nursing Students (PSSNS) consists of 5 items (items 3, 9, 13, 17, and 21). Each item is rated from 0 to 4, yielding a subscale score ranging from 0 to 20. Higher scores indicate higher perceived stress related to assignments and workload.
Baseline and immediately after the 5-week intervention
Stress From Teachers and Nursing Staff
Tidsramme: Baseline and immediately after the 5-week intervention
This subscale of the Perceived Stress Scale for Nursing Students (PSSNS) consists of 6 items (items 15, 16, 18, 20, 25, and 27). Each item is rated from 0 to 4, yielding a subscale score ranging from 0 to 24. Higher scores indicate higher perceived stress related to teachers and nursing staff.
Baseline and immediately after the 5-week intervention
Stress From the Environment
Tidsramme: Baseline and immediately after the 5-week intervention
This subscale of the Perceived Stress Scale for Nursing Students (PSSNS) consists of 3 items (items 5, 23, and 26). Each item is rated from 0 to 4, yielding a subscale score ranging from 0 to 12. Higher scores indicate higher perceived stress related to the clinical environment.
Baseline and immediately after the 5-week intervention
Stress From Peers and Daily Life
Tidsramme: Baseline and immediately after the 5-week intervention
This subscale of the Perceived Stress Scale for Nursing Students (PSSNS) consists of 4 items (items 22, 24, 28, and 29). Each item is rated from 0 to 4, yielding a subscale score ranging from 0 to 16. Higher scores indicate higher perceived stress related to peers and daily life.
Baseline and immediately after the 5-week intervention

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

KTO Karatay University

Efterforskere

  • Ledende efterforsker: Özden Gülal, MSc, Selcuk University, Aksehir Faculty of Health Sciences

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

3. oktober 2022

Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)

7. november 2022

Studieafslutning (Faktiske)

7. november 2022

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

19. august 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

19. august 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

24. august 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

27. august 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

25. august 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. august 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • KaratayUN

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

Planlægger du at dele individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)?

INGEN

IPD-planbeskrivelse

Individual participant data are not planned to be shared because no data-sharing plan was established at the time the study was conducted

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