Controlled Human Malarial Infection by Intravenous Injection of Plasmodium Falciparum Sporozoites in Non-Immune Adults

Inclusion Criteria:

• Healthy adults aged 18 to 45 years
• Able and willing (in the Investigator's opinion) to comply with all study requirements
• Willing to allow the investigators to discuss the volunteer's medical history with their General Practitioner if required
• Women only: Must agree to practice continuous effective contraception for the duration of the study (a method which results in a low failure rate; i.e. less than 1% per year)
• Agreement to refrain from blood donation during the course of the study and after the end of their involvement in the study according to the local blood banking eligibility criteria
• Written informed consent to undergo CHMI
• Reachable (24/7) by mobile phone during the whole study period
• Willingness to take a curative anti-malarial regimen
• Agreement to stay overnight for observation during the period of intensive follow-up post-challenge if required
• Answer all questions on the informed consent quiz correctly
• A body mass index <35
• A haemoglobin concentration ≥12 g/dl for women and ≥14 g/dl for men

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of P. falciparum malaria
• History of long term residence (>5 years) in area known to have significant transmission of P. falciparum
• Use of systemic antibiotics with known antimalarial activity within 30 days of study enrolment (e.g. trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, doxycycline, tetracycline, clindamycin, erythromycin, fluoroquinolones, or azithromycin)
• Receipt of an investigational product in the 30 days preceding enrolment, or planned receipt during the study period
• Prior receipt of an investigational malaria vaccine
• HIV infection
• Any confirmed or suspected immunosuppressive or immunodeficient state, asplenia, recurrent, severe infections and chronic (more than 14 days) immunosuppressant medication within the past 6 months (inhaled and topical steroids are allowed)
• Use of immunoglobulins or blood products within 3 months prior to enrolment
• Presence of sickle cell anemia, sickle cell trait, thalassemia or thalassemia trait
• Pregnancy, lactation or intention to become pregnant during the study
• A history of allergic disease or reactions likely to be exacerbated by malaria
• Contraindications to the use of the first-line anti-malarial medications: Atovaquone/Proguanil, Artemether/Lumefantrine, and Chloroquine
• History of cancer (except basal cell carcinoma of the skin and cervical carcinoma in situ)
• History of serious psychiatric condition that may affect participation in the study
• Any other serious chronic illness requiring hospital specialist supervision
• Suspected or known current alcohol abuse as defined by an alcohol intake of greater than 60g (men) or 40g (women) per day
• Suspected or known injecting drug abuse in the 5 years preceding enrolment
• Seropositive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)
• Seropositive for hepatitis C virus (antibodies to HCV)
• Falling in moderate risk or higher categories for fatal or non-fatal cardiovascular event within 5 years (>10%) determined by non-invasive criteria for cardiac risk
• Abnormal electrocardiogram on screening: pathologic Q wave and significant ST-T wave changes, left ventricular hypertrophy, non-sinus rhythm except isolated premature atrial contractions, right of left bundle branch block, advanced A-V heart block (secondary or tertiary)
• A QT/QTc interval >450 ms
• Volunteers unable to be closely followed for social, geographic or psychological reasons
• Any clinically significant abnormal finding on biochemistry or haematology blood tests, urinalysis or clinical examination
• Any other significant disease, disorder or finding which, in the opinion of the Investigator, may significantly increase the risk to the volunteer because of participation in the study, affect the ability of the volunteer to participate in the study or impair interpretation of the study data