Identification and Molecular Characterisation of Urban-environmental Stress Patterns Affecting Mental Illness

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Diagnosis: The primary diagnosis meets the DSM-IV criteria for depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, or alcohol use disorder, and comorbid conditions may be present;
2. Patients with mental disorders aged 18-60 years, with a balanced gender ratio;
3. Normal intelligence and ability to use a smartphone running the Android operating system;
4. Willingness to wear a wristband equipped with physiological monitoring functions (such as heart rate and electrodermal activity), download the study application, and upload data during the study period;
5. Participants with depression or generalized anxiety disorder who are taking medication must be on a single stable dose of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), specifically citalopram or escitalopram, and this medication regimen must have been maintained for at least 5 days. Participants with alcohol use disorder who are taking medication have no restriction on the type of drug, but the medication regimen should also have been maintained for at least 5 days. At baseline assessment, patients with depression or anxiety disorders should have a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) score >7 or a Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA-14) score >7.;
6. Voluntary participation in this study and signing of informed consent;
7. For patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD): AUD patients must have successfully completed alcohol withdrawal, confirmed by clinical standards or relevant healthcare professionals.

Inclusion Criteria for Healthy Control Group

1. Healthy subjects aged 18-60 years, with a balanced gender ratio;
2. Normal intelligence and ability to use a smartphone running the Android operating system;
3. Willingness to wear a wristband equipped with physiological monitoring functions (such as heart rate and electrodermal activity), download the study application, and upload data during the study period;
4. Voluntary participation in this study and signing of informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Currently taking opioid medications;
2. Receiving any form of brain stimulation therapy within the past 1 month (including transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or other similar treatments);
3. Skin infection or severe skin damage on the wrist or upper limbs that may affect the normal use of monitoring devices;
4. Recent use (within 30 days) of medications that may interfere with drug metabolism, such as strong CYP450 inhibitors/inducers;
5. Severe physical diseases (such as brain tumors or injuries) or special conditions (such as current pregnancy or lactation) that may affect the study protocol;
6. HAMD-17 item 3 (suicide) >3 points (severe suicidal behavior);

Exclusion Criteria for Healthy Control Group

1. Currently using benzodiazepines or opioid medications;
2. Currently receiving any form of brain stimulation therapy (including transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or other similar treatments);
3. Skin infection or severe skin damage on the wrist or upper limbs that may affect the normal use of monitoring devices;
4. Recent use (within 30 days) of medications that may interfere with drug metabolism, such as strong CYP450 inhibitors/inducers, or not reaching steady-state drug concentration before the study;
5. Severe physical diseases (such as brain tumors or injuries) or special conditions (such as current pregnancy or lactation) that may affect the study protocol.