Stress Modulation and Dynamic Balance
Impact of Dual Task Therapeutic Exercises on Stress Modulation and Dynamic Balance in University Students
Descripción general del estudio
Estado
Condiciones
Intervención / Tratamiento
Descripción detallada
Study Design
- Type: Pre-post RCT, three parallel groups (n=24 each).
- Setting: Outpatient Clinic & Balance Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Kafr Elsheikh University.
- Blinding: Assessor blinded to group allocation.
Population & Eligibility
- Sample: 72 students (both sexes), age 18-25, BMI 18.5-29.9.
- Inclusion: Free from neurological, musculoskeletal, or psychiatric disorders; willing to comply.
- Exclusion: Lower limb/spine injury/surgery (past 6 months), vestibular disorders, pregnancy, medications affecting balance/cognition, regular balance or mind-body training in past 6 months.
Randomization & Groups
- Computer-generated block randomization with opaque sealed envelopes.
- Group A (Balance only): dynamic balance exercises (backward walking, lateral stepping, single-leg forward/lateral reach, tandem gait).
- Group B (Dual-task): same balance exercises plus concurrent cognitive tasks: verbal fluency (e.g., name words starting with letter 'S'), arithmetic (e.g., subtract 7 from 100), or working memory (digit span backward). Cognitive tasks varied across sessions.
- Group C (Control): general health advice (regular daily activities, sleep, nutrition, avoid excessive stress); no structured exercise.
Intervention Protocol
- Duration: 6 weeks, twice/week, each session 20-30 minutes.
- Progression Not Explicitly Stated - but exercises are fixed (10 repetitions or 5-10 m distance per item).
- Safety: Arms crossed over chest in most exercises to eliminate upper limb compensation.
Outcome Measures (assessed at baseline & week 6)
- Primary - Perceived Stress: Arabic PSS-10 (0-40, higher = worse).
- Primary - Dynamic Balance: Balance check 636 (multiaxial wobble board with real-time software) - records anterior/posterior/right/left average deviations and overall stability index.
- Anthropometric: Weight, height, BMI via standard scale.
Statistical Analysis
- Software: SPSS v26.
- Normality: Shapiro-Wilk test.
- Within-group: Paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank.
- Between-groups (post-intervention): One-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis; post-hoc with Bonferroni.
- Power: G*Power (α=0.05, power=0.9, effect size 0.46) → n=72 (24/group, allowing 10% dropout).
- Significance level: p < 0.05.
Hypotheses (Null)
- No significant effect of dual-task exercises on stress modulation or dynamic balance.
- No significant difference between dual-task and balance-only groups.
Limitations Noted in Protocol
- No long-term follow-up.
- Single-site, student population (limited generalizability).
- No objective stress biomarker (only self-report PSS).
Timeline & Ethics
- Participants sign informed consent (Helsinki protocol). Voluntary withdrawal allowed without justification.
- Study period: not explicitly dated; protocol submitted 2026 for master's degree.
Tipo de estudio
Inscripción (Estimado)
Fase
- No aplica
Contactos y Ubicaciones
Estudio Contacto
- Nombre: AMMAR GHALLAB, TEACHING ASSISTANT
- Número de teléfono: 0201065825099
- Correo electrónico: ammarsgh122017@gmail.com
Criterios de participación
Criterio de elegibilidad
Edades elegibles para estudiar
- Adulto
Acepta Voluntarios Saludables
Descripción
Inclusion Criteria:
- Participants will be included if they meet the following criteria:
Age between 18 and 25 years. Body Mass Index (BMI) ranging from 18.5 to 29.9 kg/m². Both males and females. Apparently healthy individuals with no diagnosed neurological, musculoskeletal, or psychological disorders.
Ability to understand instructions and provide informed consent. Willingness to participate and comply with the study protocol.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Participants will be excluded if they have any of the following:
Any neurological disorder affecting balance (e.g., vestibular disorders, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, peripheral neuropathy).
Any recent musculoskeletal injury (within the last 6 months) affecting the lower limbs or spine.
History of lower limb or spinal surgery. Severe visual or auditory impairment not corrected by aids. Use of medications that may affect balance or cognitive function (e.g., sedatives, antidepressants, anxiolytics, antipsychotics).
Pregnancy. Uncontrolled cardiovascular or respiratory disorders limiting exercise tolerance.
Current diagnosis of major psychiatric disorders (e.g., major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder).
Regular participation in balance training, mind-body exercises (e.g., yoga, Pilates, tai chi), or structured stress management programs within the last 6 months.
Participation in another interventional study at the same time.
Plan de estudios
¿Cómo está diseñado el estudio?
Detalles de diseño
- Propósito principal: Tratamiento
- Asignación: Aleatorizado
- Modelo Intervencionista: Asignación paralela
- Enmascaramiento: Único
Armas e Intervenciones
Grupo de participantes/brazo |
Intervención / Tratamiento |
|---|---|
|
Comparador activo: Dynamic Balance Training Only
Participants perform a structured set of dynamic balance exercises under single-task conditions (motor task only). Exercises include:
Delivery: In-person, supervised by a trained physical ther |
Participants perform a structured set of dynamic balance exercises under single-task conditions (motor task only). Exercises include:
Delivery: In-person, supervised by a trained physical thera |
|
Experimental: Dual task therapeutic exercises
Arm B: Dual-Task Therapeutic Exercise Group Intervention Type: Other (Dual-Task Training) Intervention Name: Dual-Task Therapeutic Exercise Description: Participants perform exactly the same dynamic balance exercises as Arm A, but simultaneously with a secondary cognitive task (dual-task condition). The cognitive task is performed throughout the duration of each balance exercise. Cognitive tasks are varied across sessions to maintain engagement and avoid habituation, and include:
Delivery: In-person, supervised by the same trained physical therapist as Arm A. Frequency & Duration: Twice weekly for 6 |
Participants perform a structured set of dynamic balance exercises under single-task conditions (motor task only). Exercises include:
Delivery: In-person, supervised by a trained physical thera |
|
Sin intervención: General Health Advice
Participants in this arm receive no active intervention (no dynamic balance training or dual-task exercises).
They are provided with general health advice and educational brochures about fall prevention and physical activity, but no structured exercise program is prescribed.
They are asked to maintain their usual daily activities and are followed up at the same time points as the intervention groups.
|
¿Qué mide el estudio?
Medidas de resultado primarias
Medida de resultado |
Medida Descripción |
Periodo de tiempo |
|---|---|---|
|
Balance check 636
Periodo de tiempo: baseline and at 6 weeks post-treatment
|
baseline and at 6 weeks post-treatment
|
|
|
PERCEIVED SRESS SCALE
Periodo de tiempo: baseline and at 6 weeks post-treatment
|
The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) is a 10-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure the degree to which situations in one's life over the past month are appraised as stressful.
Items assess feelings of unpredictability, uncontrollability, and overload (e.g., "How often have you felt nervous and stressed?").
Responses are rated on a 5-point Likert scale from 0 (never) to 4 (very often).
Total scores range from 0 to 40, with higher scores indicating higher perceived stress.
|
baseline and at 6 weeks post-treatment
|
Colaboradores e Investigadores
Patrocinador
Investigadores
- Investigador principal: MAHMOUD EWIDA, PROFESSOR, Kafr Elsheikh University, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Egypt
Fechas de registro del estudio
Fechas importantes del estudio
Inicio del estudio (Estimado)
Finalización primaria (Estimado)
Finalización del estudio (Estimado)
Fechas de registro del estudio
Enviado por primera vez
Primero enviado que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
Publicado por primera vez (Actual)
Actualizaciones de registros de estudio
Última actualización publicada (Actual)
Última actualización enviada que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
Última verificación
Más información
Términos relacionados con este estudio
Otros números de identificación del estudio
- Effect of Exercises on stress
Plan de datos de participantes individuales (IPD)
¿Planea compartir datos de participantes individuales (IPD)?
Información sobre medicamentos y dispositivos, documentos del estudio
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