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Concentric vs Eccentric Full Can Exercise in Partial Rotator Cuff Tears (FULLCAN-PRCT)

9 de agosto de 2026 actualizado por: Muharrem Gökhan Beydağı, Firat University

Comparison of the Effects of Concentric and Eccentric Full Can Exercises on Supraspinatus Muscle Architecture in Individuals With Partial Rotator Cuff Tears

This study aims to compare the effects of concentric and eccentric full can exercises on supraspinatus muscle architecture in individuals with partial rotator cuff tears.

Rotator cuff tears are a common cause of shoulder pain and functional limitation. The supraspinatus muscle plays a key role in shoulder movement and stability, and its structure may be affected in individuals with partial tears.

Exercise-based rehabilitation is widely used in the conservative management of these conditions. The full can exercise is commonly prescribed to selectively activate the supraspinatus muscle. However, the effects of different contraction types, specifically concentric and eccentric exercises, on muscle structure and clinical outcomes are not fully understood.

In this study, participants will be randomly assigned to either a concentric or eccentric full can exercise group. Both groups will receive a standard physiotherapy program, including therapeutic ultrasound and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), in addition to the assigned exercise protocol.

The intervention will last for 6 weeks, with sessions performed three times per week. Outcomes will be assessed before and after the intervention.

The primary outcome is the change in supraspinatus muscle pennation angle measured by ultrasound imaging. Secondary outcomes include muscle architecture parameters, pain intensity, range of motion, muscle strength, functional status, and kinesiophobia.

The findings of this study may help improve exercise selection in the rehabilitation of individuals with rotator cuff tears.

Descripción general del estudio

Estado

Reclutamiento

Condiciones

Intervención / Tratamiento

Descripción detallada

Study Design and Setting This study is designed as a prospective, randomized, assessor-blinded, parallel-group clinical trial. The study will be conducted at Firat University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, and Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.

Participants A total of 60 individuals aged between 18 and 65 years with a diagnosis of partial supraspinatus tendon tear confirmed by ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging will be included. Participants will be randomly allocated into two groups (n=30 per group).

Randomization and Blinding Participants will be assigned to groups using a computer-generated randomization sequence. Allocation will be concealed using sealed, opaque envelopes. Outcome assessments will be performed by a blinded assessor.

Interventions

Both groups will receive a standard physiotherapy program including:

Therapeutic ultrasound Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) Standard shoulder rehabilitation exercises

The only difference between groups will be the contraction type of the full can exercise:

Concentric Group: Emphasis on the lifting phase (approximately 2 seconds), with minimal eccentric loading Eccentric Group: Emphasis on the lowering phase (approximately 4 seconds), with minimal concentric loading

All interventions will be applied 3 times per week for 6 weeks (total of 18 sessions).

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome:

Supraspinatus muscle pennation angle measured by B-mode ultrasonography

Secondary Outcomes:

Muscle architecture parameters (fiber length, physiological cross-sectional area) Pain intensity (Visual Analog Scale) Range of motion (goniometric assessment) Muscle strength (hand-held dynamometry) Functional status (DASH, SPADI) Kinesiophobia (Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia)

Assessments will be performed at baseline (T0) and at the end of the 6-week intervention (T1).

Sample Size and Statistical Analysis Sample size calculation was based on the primary outcome (pennation angle change), assuming an effect size of 0.70, alpha of 0.05, and power of 80%. A minimum of 26 participants per group was required; therefore, 30 participants per group will be recruited to account for potential dropouts.

Data will be analyzed using appropriate statistical methods including mixed-design ANOVA for group and time comparisons. Non-parametric tests will be used if assumptions are not met. Intention-to-treat analysis will be applied.

Ethical Considerations The study will be conducted in accordance with ethical principles for human research. Informed consent will be obtained from all participants prior to inclusion.

Tipo de estudio

Intervencionista

Inscripción (Estimado)

60

Fase

  • No aplica

Contactos y Ubicaciones

Esta sección proporciona los datos de contacto de quienes realizan el estudio e información sobre dónde se lleva a cabo este estudio.

Estudio Contacto

  • Nombre: Muharrem Gökhan Beydağı, PhD
  • Número de teléfono: +905323581105
  • Correo electrónico: mgbeydagi@firat.edu.tr

Ubicaciones de estudio

  • Turquía (Türkiye)
    • MErkez
      • Elâzığ, MErkez, Turquía (Türkiye), 23200
        • Reclutamiento
        • Firat University
        • Contacto:
          • Muharrem Gökhan Beydağı, PhD
          • Número de teléfono: 05323581105
          • Correo electrónico: mgbeydagi@firat.edu.tr
        • Contacto:
          • Muhammet Şahin Elbastı, MD
        • Investigador principal:
          • Muhammet Şahin Elbastı, MD

Criterios de participación

Los investigadores buscan personas que se ajusten a una determinada descripción, denominada criterio de elegibilidad. Algunos ejemplos de estos criterios son el estado de salud general de una persona o tratamientos previos.

Criterio de elegibilidad

Edades elegibles para estudiar

  • Adulto
  • Adulto Mayor

Acepta Voluntarios Saludables

No

Descripción

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Aged between 18 and 65 years
  • Diagnosed with partial supraspinatus tendon tear confirmed by ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging
  • Shoulder pain lasting at least 3 months
  • Pain intensity ≥3 on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
  • Willing to participate and provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Full-thickness rotator cuff tear
  • History of shoulder surgery
  • Shoulder instability
  • Neurological disorders
  • Rheumatological diseases
  • Corticosteroid injection within the last 3 months
  • Inability to adhere to the exercise program

Plan de estudios

Esta sección proporciona detalles del plan de estudio, incluido cómo está diseñado el estudio y qué mide el estudio.

¿Cómo está diseñado el estudio?

Detalles de diseño

  • Propósito principal: Tratamiento
  • Asignación: Aleatorizado
  • Modelo Intervencionista: Asignación paralela
  • Enmascaramiento: Único

Armas e Intervenciones

Grupo de participantes/brazo
Intervención / Tratamiento
Comparador activo: Concentric Exercise Group
Participants will receive a standard physiotherapy program including ultrasound, TENS, and shoulder rehabilitation exercises, combined with concentric full can exercises. The concentric phase (lifting) will be emphasized, while the eccentric phase will be minimally loaded.
Otro: Concentric Full Can Exercise
A strengthening exercise performed in the scapular plane with emphasis on the eccentric phase. The lowering phase is performed slowly in approximately 4 seconds against resistance, while the concentric phase is minimized. Exercises are performed 3 times per week for 6 weeks.
Otro: Standard Physiotherapy Program
Includes therapeutic ultrasound, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), and standard shoulder rehabilitation exercises applied to all participants.
Comparador activo: Eccentric Exercise Group
Participants will receive a standard physiotherapy program including ultrasound, TENS, and shoulder rehabilitation exercises, combined with eccentric full can exercises. The eccentric phase (lowering) will be emphasized, while the concentric phase will be minimally loaded.
Otro: Standard Physiotherapy Program
Includes therapeutic ultrasound, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), and standard shoulder rehabilitation exercises applied to all participants.
Otro: Eccentric Full Can Exercise
A strengthening exercise performed in the scapular plane with emphasis on the eccentric phase. The lowering phase is performed slowly in approximately 4 seconds against resistance, while the concentric phase is minimized. Exercises are performed 3 times per week for 6 weeks.

¿Qué mide el estudio?

Medidas de resultado primarias

Medida de resultado
Medida Descripción
Periodo de tiempo
Change in Supraspinatus Muscle Pennation Angle
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and 6 weeks

The pennation angle of the supraspinatus muscle will be measured using B-mode ultrasonography. Measurements will be obtained at baseline (T0) and after 6 weeks (T1). The change between time points will be analyzed.

Supraspinatus Muscle Pennation Angle:

  • Assessed by B-mode ultrasonography.
  • Pennation angle will be measured in degrees (°).
  • Higher values indicate greater muscle architectural adaptation.
  • Measured at baseline (T0) and after 6 weeks of intervention (T1).
Baseline and 6 weeks

Medidas de resultado secundarias

Medida de resultado
Medida Descripción
Periodo de tiempo
Change in Supraspinatus Muscle Fiber Length
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and 6 weeks

Measured using B-mode ultrasonography at baseline and after 6 weeks.

Supraspinatus Fascicle Length:

  • Measured using B-mode ultrasonography in millimeters (mm).
  • Greater fascicle length may indicate improved muscle architectural properties.
  • Assessed at baseline and 6 weeks.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Physiological Cross-Sectional Area of Supraspinatus
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and 6 weeks

Measured via ultrasound imaging at baseline and after 6 weeks.

Physiological Cross-Sectional Area (PCSA):

  • Measured using ultrasonography in cm².
  • Higher values indicate greater muscle size.
  • Assessed at baseline and 6 weeks.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Pain Intensity (VAS)
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and 6 weeks

Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (0-10 cm).

Visual Analog Scale for Pain:

  • Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).
  • The scale ranges from 0 to 10.
  • 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates worst imaginable pain.
  • Higher scores indicate worse pain severity.
  • Assessed at baseline and 6 weeks.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Shoulder Range of Motion
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and 6 weeks

Measured using a goniometer for flexion, abduction, internal and external rotation.

Shoulder Range of Motion:

  • Active shoulder flexion, abduction, internal rotation, and external rotation will be measured using a universal goniometer in degrees (°).
  • Higher values indicate greater joint mobility.
  • Assessed at baseline and 6 weeks.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Shoulder Muscle Strength
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and 6 weeks

Measured using a hand-held dynamometer during isometric contraction. Shoulder Muscle Strength

  • Isometric muscle strength will be assessed using a handheld dynamometer.
  • Measurements will be recorded in kilograms or Newtons.
  • Higher values indicate greater muscle strength.
  • Assessed at baseline and 6 weeks.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Functional Status (DASH Scores)
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and 6 weeks

Functional status will be assessed using DASH questionnaires. Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) Score

  • Functional disability will be assessed using the DASH questionnaire.
  • Scores range from 0 to 100.
  • Higher scores indicate greater disability.
  • Assessed at baseline and 6 weeks.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Functional Status (SPADI Scores)
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and 6 weeks

Functional status will be assessed using SPADI questionnaires.

Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI):

  • Shoulder-related pain and disability will be assessed using SPADI.
  • Scores range from 0 to 100.
  • Higher scores indicate greater pain and disability.
  • Assessed at baseline and 6 weeks.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Kinesiophobia (Tampa Scale)
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and 6 weeks

Measured using the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia.

Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia:

  • Fear of movement will be assessed using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia.
  • Scores range from 17 to 68.
  • Higher scores indicate greater kinesiophobia.
  • Assessed at baseline and 6 weeks.
Baseline and 6 weeks

Colaboradores e Investigadores

Aquí es donde encontrará personas y organizaciones involucradas en este estudio.

Patrocinador

Firat University

Colaboradores

Elazıg Fethi Sekin Sehir Hastanesi

Fechas de registro del estudio

Estas fechas rastrean el progreso del registro del estudio y los envíos de resultados resumidos a ClinicalTrials.gov. Los registros del estudio y los resultados informados son revisados ​​por la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (NLM) para asegurarse de que cumplan con los estándares de control de calidad específicos antes de publicarlos en el sitio web público.

Fechas importantes del estudio

Inicio del estudio (Estimado)

20 de julio de 2026

Finalización primaria (Estimado)

20 de noviembre de 2026

Finalización del estudio (Estimado)

20 de noviembre de 2027

Fechas de registro del estudio

Enviado por primera vez

27 de abril de 2026

Primero enviado que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad

7 de mayo de 2026

Publicado por primera vez (Actual)

14 de mayo de 2026

Actualizaciones de registros de estudio

Última actualización publicada (Actual)

11 de agosto de 2026

Última actualización enviada que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad

9 de agosto de 2026

Última verificación

1 de agosto de 2026

Más información

Términos relacionados con este estudio

Palabras clave

Términos MeSH relevantes adicionales

Otros números de identificación del estudio

  • FU_MGBeydagi_RC_B_2026/05

Plan de datos de participantes individuales (IPD)

¿Planea compartir datos de participantes individuales (IPD)?

NO

Información sobre medicamentos y dispositivos, documentos del estudio

Estudia un producto farmacéutico regulado por la FDA de EE. UU.

No

Estudia un producto de dispositivo regulado por la FDA de EE. UU.

No

Esta información se obtuvo directamente del sitio web clinicaltrials.gov sin cambios. Si tiene alguna solicitud para cambiar, eliminar o actualizar los detalles de su estudio, comuníquese con register@clinicaltrials.gov. Tan pronto como se implemente un cambio en clinicaltrials.gov, también se actualizará automáticamente en nuestro sitio web. .

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