A Randomized, Multicenter, Open-label, Active-controlled Phase Ib Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Preliminary Efficacy of Multiple Intravaginal Doses of GenSci142 in Patients With Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Women of childbearing age aged 18-50 years (inclusive of the cut-off values, as of the date of signing the informed consent form), with a history of sexual activity and a regular menstrual cycle (21-35 days, inclusive of the cut-off values);

2. Screening visits were conducted for women clinically diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis who had not received any treatment for bacterial vaginosis since the onset of their current symptoms. The clinical diagnostic criteria for bacterial vaginosis are as follows:

   1. At least one clinical symptom (itching, odour, abnormal vaginal discharge),
   2. and at least three positive findings on the Amsel clinical assessment (with clue cells constituting more than 20% of the total vaginal epithelial cells being a mandatory criterion),
   3. and a Nugent score of ≥7;
3. Trial participants must agree to abstain from sexual intercourse for 48 hours prior to the first administration of the investigational medicinal product, throughout the treatment period, and for 48 hours prior to each return visit;
4. be willing to use vaginal administration and agree to avoid the use of any vaginal products not specified in the trial protocol (such as contraceptive creams, gels, foams, sponges, lubricants, douches, tampons, etc.) throughout the trial period;
5. Trial participants must voluntarily sign a written informed consent form prior to the trial;
6. Trial participants must be able to understand the procedures and methods of this trial and be willing to strictly adhere to the clinical trial protocol to complete the trial.

Exclusion Criteria:

Medical History

1. Those currently suffering from any acute infection of the urinary or reproductive system, including but not limited to pelvic inflammatory disease, cervicitis, endometritis, and adnexitis;
2. Those currently suffering from vulvovaginitis caused by other pathogens, including but not limited to Aerobic vaginitis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, trichomoniasis, gonorrhoea, genital herpes, and genital warts;
3. Current presence of other vaginal or vulvar conditions, or being in the recovery phase following reproductive system surgery, where the investigator considers this to affect the trial evaluation;
4. Patients currently receiving, or who will require during the trial, medications that reduce or antagonise oestrogen levels, such as gonadotropin-releasing hormoneagonists, high-potency progestogens and combined oral contraceptives;
5. Patients with a history of or currently suffering from major diseases such as cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, neurological, metabolic, urogenital, endocrine or psychiatric disorders, where the investigator considers inclusion inappropriate;
6. Women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or have tested positive for pregnancy; or those planning to become pregnant during the trial; or those unable to use reliable contraception during the study;
7. Individuals with impaired immunity or immune dysfunction, including but not limited to those currently undergoing treatment for malignant tumours, those with autoimmune diseases, or those currently using immunosuppressants;
8. Participants with abnormal uterine bleeding, including prolonged menstrual periods (>7 days);
9. Those who are menstruating at the time of the screening visit or who are expected to commence menstruation within 14 days;
10. Participants who have received treatment with inhalational anaesthetics, antispasmodic anti-diarrhoeal agents, kaolin-containing anti-diarrhoeal agents, muscle relaxants, chloramphenicol or erythromycin, or opioid analgesics within 7 days prior to screening;
11. Participants who had received treatment with topical or systemic broad-spectrum antibiotics (excluding nitroimidazole antibiotics that do not affect Lactobacillus) within 1 month prior to screening;
12. Those who have undergone vaginal douching or other vaginal procedures involving antiseptic treatment within 1 month prior to screening;
13. A history of severe allergy to the investigational medicinal product, any of its excipients, or vaginal effervescent preparations; or a predisposition to allergies (e.g. allergy to two or more medicines or foods); Diet and lifestyle
14. Those with an average daily cigarette consumption of ≥5 cigarettes in the 30 days prior to screening;
15. Those who have consumed more than 5 litres of beer, 600 ml of spirits with an alcohol content of 40%, or 2 litres of wine per week within the 6 months prior to screening; History of substance abuse or dependence
16. History of substance abuse within the past year (e.g. cannabis, benzodiazepines, ketamine, morphine, cocaine, methamphetamine); Screening examinations
17. Participants with clinically significant abnormalities or vaginal mucosal lesions (e.g. mucosal oedema, congestion, ulcers, erosions) identified during the screening colposcopy, as judged by the investigator, which may affect drug administration;
18. During the screening period, based on an assessment of medical history, vital signs, physical examination, clinical laboratory tests and ancillary investigations, the investigator considers the subject's general health status unsuitable for inclusion;
19. Participants with positive results in infectious disease screening [Hepatitis B surface antigen, Hepatitis C antibody, Human Immunodeficiency Virus antibody, or positive syphilis serology]; Other
20. Participants who have participated in other clinical trials of medicinal products or medical devices within the 3 months prior to screening and have used the investigational medicinal product or device; or who participated in a clinical study 3 months prior but are still within the follow-up period of that study or within 5 half-lives of the investigational medicinal product (whichever is longer) at the time of screening;
21. The investigator considers that the trial participant has any other condition rendering them unsuitable for participation in the trial, or any other medical condition that may impair the participant's ability to tolerate the investigational medicinal product or to continue with the procedures specified in this study.