Comparative Evaluation of NeoPUTTY and MTA Pulpotomy in Mature Permanent Molars With Irreversible Pulpitis

Irreversible pulpitis in mature permanent teeth presents a clinical challenge in pediatric dentistry, as conventional treatment options include either root canal therapy or extraction. Full pulpotomy, involving complete removal of the coronal pulp while preserving vital radicular pulp tissue, has emerged as a biologically conservative alternative supported by growing evidence. The success of pulpotomy depends critically on the pulp capping material used, which must provide an adequate seal, promote dentinal bridge formation, and maintain radicular pulp vitality.

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) has been extensively studied and is considered the gold standard pulpotomy material due to its biocompatibility, sealing ability, and capacity to induce hard tissue formation. However, its clinical use is limited by the need for manual mixing, long setting time, handling difficulties, and high cost. NeoPUTTY (NuSmile Ltd., Houston, TX, USA) is a premixed, ready-to-use calcium silicate bioceramic material based on the same tricalcium and dicalcium silicate chemistry as MTA. It requires no mixing, is immediately wash-out resistant, and offers improved handling characteristics. Previous studies have evaluated NeoPUTTY in primary teeth, but evidence in mature permanent teeth was limited at the time this study was initiated.

This randomized parallel-group clinical trial was conducted at the Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences (PGIDS), Rohtak, India, a government dental institution under Pt. B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Haryana. The study was approved by the Biomedical and Health Research Ethics Committee, PGIDS, Rohtak (Approval No. PGIDS/BHRC/24/48, dated 14/05/2024) and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and ICMR guidelines. Written informed consent was obtained from parents or legal guardians of all participating children prior to enrollment.

Participants were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio using the lottery method, with allocation concealment achieved through sequentially numbered opaque sealed envelopes. All procedures were performed by a single trained operator under rubber dam isolation. After caries removal and access cavity preparation, complete coronal pulp amputation was performed using a high-speed diamond bur under copious irrigation. Haemostasis was achieved using sterile cotton pellets moistened with 5 percent sodium hypochlorite solution applied for up to 5 minutes. Cases failing to achieve haemostasis within 25 minutes were excluded. The pulpotomy material (NeoPUTTY or MTA Angelus, Londrina, Brazil) was then applied as a 2 to 3 mm thick layer over the pulp stumps, followed by a glass ionomer cement base and definitive composite resin restoration placed in the same visit. Outcome assessors were blinded to group allocation and radiographs were anonymised prior to evaluation.